The pound at that time, was equivalent to the weight of three at the present, and in real value was ten fold more; so that £400,000 then, would command as much service, &c., as four million pounds now. The above monarchs constituted the Norman line, and it was distinguished by two points; public credit was unknown, and the expenditure was not greater than the revenue. The founder of the Plantagenet line, was the first to establish a tax on personal estate, which the expenses of the crusades soon increased from 2d on the £1 to 2s on the £1. The revenues of this line, under the several monarchs which formed it were as follows: £200,000 "The total aggregate," says a writer on this subject, « produced by all branches of the revenue, from the accession of George III, to the close of the war in 1815, was one billion, three hundred and eighty-six millions, two hundred and sixty-eight thousand, four hundred and forty-six pounds sterling! A sum three times greater than all the stock of gold and silver existing in the world in 1809, the epoch of the greatest known abundance of these metals." These immense sums were chiefly expended for three objects-to enforce Parliamentary laws in the Colonies; 100,000 to keep down and afterwards replace on the throne the 80,000 Bourbon family; and to support the various branches of 150,000 the Royal Family. 154,000 100,000 The King of England replaced the Bourbons on the 130,000 throne of France, at a cost above a thousand millions sterling! The amount paid in the shape of annuities to the several members of the Royal Family, fifteen in number, from 1766 to 1816, was £12,600,000; while During the reign of Edward III, the Poll Tax was originated, which was then 4d. on every individual over fourteen. During the reign of the House of Lancaster or Red the whole sum granted for useful discoveries, and durRose, the revenues were ing forty seven years, was only £77,463. From the £100,000 accession of William III. to 1815, above one thousand 76,600 one hundred millions, were chiefly expended in de65,000 pressing the House of Bourbon; while during the same period an equal sum was appropriated to raise it to the £100,000 splendor and strengthen it in the possession of the 100,000 throne. The subject we have thus briefly noticed, is one exceedingly interesting in many points; particularly as £400,000 shewing how easy it is to originate and increase a na800,000 tional debt; to advance from one grade of taxation to 400,000 another, and to drain and exhaust the resources of the 450,000 kingdom by profligate and squandering princes.-Savannah Georgian. 500,000 The extortion of the seventh and eight Henry was exceedingly oppressive. Monasteries, Abbeys, Colleges and Hospitals were abolished, and their revenues, worth about six million pounds of the present day, appropriated to the royal coffers. Of the extravagance of Mary it is recorded that at her death there were found no less than 3000 suits of clothes for her own person; which averages more than one suit a day during the five years of her reign. The House of Stewart began with the first James, and its revenues were as follows: A Hint to Messrs. Catlin and Rankin.-The following extract from the Parliamentary History, March 5th, 1765, seems peculiarly apposite to the present time: "On notice being taken in the House of Lords that two Indian warriors of the Mohawk Nation were to be seen at the Sun Tavern, on the payment of 1s. each, it was Resolved,-1st, That the bringing from America any of the Indians who are under his Majesty's protection, without proper authority for so doing, may tend to give great dissatisfaction to the Indian nations, and be of dangerous consequences to his Majesty's subjects residing in the colonies. 2d, That the making a public show of £600,000 Indians, ignorant of such proceedings, is unbecoming 896,000 and inhuman. Then it was moved, "That John Schuppe 1,800,000 and Hyam Miers be called in and ordered not to show 2,001,800 the said Indians from this time, but to detain them, takand most ing proper care of their maintenance till a proper perDuring his son shall be sent by the Commissioners for Trade and Plantations to receive them in order to their being returned to America, which being agreed to they were To his successor, James II, Parliament voted a revenue called in and acquainted therewith by the Lord Chanof two millions sterling per annum for life. James I, 1603, Charles I, 1625, Charles II, 1649, Charles II, was one of the most extensive squandering monarchs England ever had. reign he received over 43,000,0007. cellor." Literary Notices. No. 222 Broadway, corner of Ann-street, American Museum connexion of the writer with the aboriginal race," and ONEOTA or the red race of America: their history, traditions, cusa short article on "The Indian Languages," by the toms, poetry, picture writings, &c., in extracts from notes, jour-Editor. nals, and other unpublished writings. BY HENRY R. SCHOOL "Considerations of the art of picture writing and CRAFT. New York, published by Burgess, Stringer, & Co., the system of mnemonics of the North American Indians, Chapter I." is the next in succession, full of research and matters relative to the subjects specifiedfollowed by a description of "Grave Creek Mound," a 'gigantic tumulus, the largest in the Ohio valley, opened some four or five years ago, and found to contain articles of high antiquarian value, in addition to the ordi 66 We have received the first number of this work which promises not only to be highly entertaining but eminently instructive. The want of such a work as this promises to be has long been felt. As sure as the Anglo-Saxon race is destined to people this continent, so sure are the red men doomed to utter and entire ex-nary discoveries of human bones, &c." tinction. They retire before the axe and the plough like the forests they once inhabited. The atmosphere of the white man is their poison. They cannot exist among us. Civilization, instead of refining their minds, taming their passions, and otherwise elevating their condition, seems to teach them nothing but its vices. It is a sorrowful but incontrovertible truth. The red man in the wilderness, uncontaminated by the presence of the white, following his own customs, and living under his own system of government, is a noble object-the red man living amongst the cities, villages, orchards and grainfields of the Anglo-Saxon, is a degraded and worthless thing, alike pitiable and disgusting. To this general rule there are a few trifling exceptions, but so few and trifling, as not to effect the truth of the above. Any thing therefore that treats of the Indian in his native wildness should be universally read. The distinguished author of the work, the title to which is given above, has enjoyed great opportunities of studying the red men in their deepest retreats and before the demoralizing influence of civilization has been much felt. He has made himself familiar with their domestic life as it exists in the interior of their lodges, as well as their traits of character while at the council fire and in the war-path. The fields of their imagina. tive eloquence, their wild legends and their rude poetry, have been explored by him with an earnestness and enthusiasm that have not failed in attaining their object. A vast amount of information is therefore embodied in the number now upon our table. After an address to the reader by Mr. Schoolcraft, and a brief account of the Indian story tellers, by the editor, we have a tale entitled "The White Stone Canoe," told Mr. S. by an Ottawa. "The Lynx and the Hare," a fable from the Algonquin, succeeds, and "The Worship of the Sun," an Ottawa tradition is next. "Shingebiss," a tale also from the Algonquin, follows. Then comes an interesting article upon the "Names of the American Lakes." An "Odjibwa Song." "Shingaba Wossins, or the Image Stones," giving an account of various "masses of loose rock, that have been fretted by the action of water into shapes resembling the trunks of human bodies," and painted by the native tribes so as to resemble human features, for the purpose of idolatry, with an illustrative plate-an explanation of the figures upon the borders of the cover, and a description of the horrible tortures inflicted upon a captive Indian girl by a tribe of the Pawnees, all of which occupy some seven pages, next arrest the attention of the reader. Then we have the commencement of the very interesting "Personal remniscences relative to the official "Geographical Terminology of the United States," gives the Indian names of our rivers, lakes, villages, &c., some of which have been retained, whilst others, with exceeding bad taste, have been altered. This article we have extracted in another part of our paper, and will be found very interesting. "Indian music, songs and poetry, No. I," we find next in succession. Then follow "Piskaret," an Algonquin chief, descríbing the achievements of this forest hero. "The Saustawraytsees, a Wyandot tradition, giving an account of the origin of the feud between the two tribes of the Wyandots and Senecas, that had hitherto mingled freely in the same villages, succeeds. "And then follow "Early Sketches of Indian women," " Chant of Indian Children to the Fire Fly," felicitiously translated, and "Indian Arrowheads, &c." We have been thus particular in noting the contents because we approve heartily of the design of the work, and the manner in which it has progressed so far, and we sincerely hope it will be carried out so as to embrace all its objects. Scenes, Incidents, and Adventures in the Pacific Ocean or the Islands of the Australasian seas, during the cruise of the clipper Margaret Oakley, under Captain Benjamin Morrell. BY THOMAS JEFFERSON JACOBS. Illustrated by numerous engravings. New-York: Harper & Brothers, 82 Cliff-street, 1844. The reading of this volume reminded us of the delight we experienced in our youthful days in dwelling upon the pages of "Sinbad the Sailor." The wildness of the adventures and the strange features of the country visited give the work the appearance of a romance. We are in doubt sometimes whether the book is a narrative of real scenes or ingenious fiction. It enchains the attention of the reader from the beginning to the end, and is written in a smooth and pleasing style. It is moreover adorned with engravings, and "beautifully got up"-which is characteristic of those industrious and eminent publishers, the Messrs. Harper. No. 8 of the Pictorial Bible.—This number we think surpasses its predecessors in the extreme beauty of its illustrations. The engravings representing the defiles of Eden, Jericho, Sinai, Mount Hor, and the hill of Bashan, are very beautiful, and even surpass our expectations of the style in which this bible was to be printed. No. 17 of McCulloch's Gazetteer.-The seventeenth number of this rich contribution to American books which no citizen should be without, is just issued. Three more numbers finish the work. BEMENT'S AMERICAN HOTEL, NO. 100 STATE-STREET, ALBANY, Is now open for the reception of company, having undergone a thorough repair and complete renovation from the cellar to the attic. It has been newly furnished throughout, and in quality of beds, cleanliness, and airy rooms, will now compare with any other establishment in the city. In location, this House has many advantages, being situated in the centre, and on one of the most beautiful streets in the city; within a few moments' walk of the Eastern and Western Railroad Depots and the landing of the Steamboats; about midway between the Capitol, Public Offices, and the Banks, Post-Office, and the business parts of the city, renders it very convenient for the man of business, as well as gentlemen of leisure. The subscriber places much reliance on the countenance and support of the AGRICULTURISTS Three Hills Farm will be carried on as usual, under my own superintendance, by a careful mana- Albany, June, 1844. E. VAN SCHAACK'S MAMMOTH VARIETY STORE, 44 MARKET-STREET, ALBANY, N. Y. This establishment has recently been greatly enlarged, embracing three sales rooms, each 60 feet Ladies and gentlemen passing through the city will confer a favor on the proprietor by calling to examine the assortment, though they may not wish to purchase. Merchants supplied on the most reasonable terms. E. VAN SCHAACK. JAMES HENRY, No. 7 1 STATE-STREET, ALBANY. Has for sale in quantities or by retail, an extensive assortment of School Books, Classical Books, Blank Books, Religious Books, Miscellaneous Works, Sacred Music, Stationery, &c. &c. NEW BOOK AND JOB PRINTING OFFICE, CORNER OF STATE AND NORTH PEARL-STREETS, ALBANY. CORNELIUS WENDELL, Respectfully informs the citizens of Albany, and the public in general, that he has taken the above extensive establishment, and has just returned from New-York with a large additional stock of Book and Job Letter of the newest and most approved styles, which makes his office decidedly the most complete in the city; and that he is now prepared to execute all kinds of work in his line of the Art, at the shortest notice, and at a great reduction from former prices. C. W. returns his sincere and grateful thanks for favors heretofore received from his friends and fellow citizens; he begs a renewal and continuance of patronage, and pledges his reputation as a Printer, that his work shall be executed in a style of neatness, taste and good workmanship, that shall vie with any establishment in the country. From long experience in Law Printing, he feels assured that he can give the most ample satisfaction to such gentlemen of the legal profession as may favor him with their work. LETTER CIRCULARS, Works done in Colors, at a trifling advance. POLICIES OF INSURANCE, INVOICES. Together with all and every thing in the Printing line which may be called for by a generous and liberal public. Albany, June, 1844. |