NINETEENTH CENTURY.

this publication that the celebrated Tour of Dr.
Syntax in Search of the Picturesque, with engrav-
ings by Thomas Rowlandson,* appeared.
1812. The Scotchman, published at Glasgow.
1813, Jan. Died, GOTLOB SCHUTZLER, many
years an eminent bookseller at Bristol.

1813, Jan. The following papers were published in London :-Eight morning; seven evening; seven every other evening; sixteen Sunday; eighteen other weekly. There were also published in the country 280 weekly publications throughout Great Britain and Ireland. 1813. Bread and Bulls, an apologetical oration, on the flourishing state of Spain in the reign of king Charles IV. delivered in the Plaza de Tores, Madrid, by don Gasper de Jovellanos. Mediterranean printed on board his majesty's ship, Caledonia, off Toulon. 4to. pp. 96.

The speech of doctor D. Antonio Joseph Ruiz de Padron, deputy to the cortes from the Canary Islands, spoken in the sitting of Jan. 18, 1813, relative to the inquisition.

The translation of these two political pamphlets is dedicated to vice-admiral sir Edward Pellew, bart. afterwards lord Exmouth, commander in chief in the Mediterranean.

He was

1813, Feb. 21. Died, HENRY BALDWIN, printer of the St. James's Chronicle. (except one) the oldest member of the company of stationers, of which he had been a liveryman fifty-seven years, and was master in 1792. As a printer, he was of the old school-bred under Mr. Justice Ackers, of Clerkenwell, the original printer of the London Magazine; and he commenced business for himself under the most promising auspices-first in Whitefriars, then in Fleet-street, and finally in Bridge-street, in a house built purposely for him. Connected with a phalanx of the first-rate wits, Bonnel Thornton, David Garrick, the elder Colman, Stevens, and others, commenced the St. James's Chronicle, on the foundation of a very old newspaper of nearly the same title; and had the satisfaction of conducting it to a height of eminence unknown to any preceding journal. From early association with men of eminence both in the literary and fashionable world, Mr. Baldwin had acquired elegant habits, and, without any profound stock of literature, he sufficiently cultivated a mind naturally strong, to render his company and his conversation in the highest degree acceptable. But the firm rectitude of his mind, the real

* This well-known and admired artist was born in Old Jewry, London, July, 1756, of a very respectable family, and at a very early period gave presage of his future talent. The many works which his pencil illustrated are existing evidences of this. Many successions of plates for new editions of those popular volumes, Dr. Syntax in Search of the Picturesque, The Dance of Death, The Dance of Life, and other well-known productions of the versatile pen of he late ingenious Mr. Coombe, will ever be regarded as mementos of his graphic humour. No artist of the past or resent school, perhaps, ever expressed so much as Rowandson, with so little effort, or with so small and evident in appearance of the absence of labour.

He died in 1827. William Coombe, author of the Tour of Dr. Syntax, Johnny Qua Genus, and the papers entitled the Modern Spectator, in Ackermann's Repository of Arts, &c. died in Lambeth Road, London, June 18, 1823.

tenderness of his heart, and the sincerity of his
attachments, were best known in his domestic
circle, and by his choice friends, who regretted
in him the loss of one, who, in a rare and
peculiar manner, united the sometimes opposed
virtues of justice and generosity. About 1810,
he lost two brothers, one older, the other younger
than himself, and an only sister, all of a good
old age; but their loss had a very visible effect
on his usually cheerful spirits. Mr. Baldwin
left two sons and three daughters, and a widow.

1813. A private press was erected at Lee priory, near Canterbury, the residence of sir Samuel Egerton Brydges, bart.* The following notice of its origin is taken from his Autobiography, page 191, vol. 2. "In 1813, a compositor and pressman (Johnsont and Warwick) persuaded me, with much difficulty, to allow them to set up a private press in the priory. I consented, on express condition that I would have nothing to do with the expenses; but would gratuitously furnish them with copy, and they must run all hazards, and, of course, rely on such profits as they could get. These printers might have done very well if they had been decently prudent. They quarrelled as early as 1817, and Johnson quitted. The press was not finally given up till Dec. 1822."-See Martin's History of Books Privately Printed, and Dibdin's Bibliomania.

1813, March 5. HENRY WHITE,§ proprietor and editor of the Independent Whig, was tried and found guilty, in the court of king's bench, of publishing a libel on the duke of Cumberland,|| insinuating that his royal highness was the murderer of his servant, Sellers; for which Mr. White was sentenced to fifteen months' imprisonment in Newgate, and to pay a fine of £200.

sions about 1790. The most admired of these was a son

ances of this kind, and some of his longer poems, were

Sir Samuel Egerton Brydges died Sept. 8, 1837, at Grosjean, near Geneva, aged 75 years. He was addicted to poetry from very early life, and began printing his effu. net called Echo and Silence. He was also a literary antiCensura Literaria, Restituta, and British Bibliographer. quary of great acquirements, and was the originator of He published several tales of considerable merit, and his historical researches have thrown great light on obscure portions of our annals. Not a few of his ablest performprinted abroad, particularly at Geneva, near which city he latterly resided in great seclusion. For several years his labours with all the ardour and confidence of youth. At one period he was in possession of a very valuable of it in the many curious and interesting reprints made at library of old English literature, and he availed himself his private press of Lee Priory. At the time he was in parliament, he had a notion that he was destined by nature to become a great statesman and orator. manners were sometimes eccentric, but very kind and cordial, and he was a warm encourager of all whom he saw struggling into notice, and, as he thought, deserving popularity; but his estimate was sometimes more amiable than judicious. During the latter period of his life he never shaved, and his white beard and hair gave him a most venerable and patriarchal appearance.

he scarcely quitted his bed, and, nevertheless, continued

His

† John Johnson, author of Typographia; or, Printers' Instructor, two volumes London, 1824, and now a master printer in London. John Warwick has been dead some years.

John Martin, who has distinguished himself in the literary world, was a bookseller in Bond-street, London, and succeeded J. H. Wiffin, author of Aonian Hours, &c. who died May 3, 1836, as librarian to the duke of Bedford. Mr. White died at London, May 1, 1828. Ascended the throne of Hanover June 20, 1837. 50

1813. In an edition of the Liturgy, printed in 4to. at Oxford, the second line "O Lamb of God, that takest away the sins of the world"is printed (at the end)" the sins of the Lord." 1813, March 17. Died, NOAH ROLLASON, printer, of Coventry, and upwards of twenty-five years proprietor of the Coventry Mercury.

1813, March 25. Died, NATHANIEL COLLIS, an eminent bookseller at Kettering, Northamptonshire. The general disposition of this worthy octogenarian rendered him truly respectable to a large circle of acquaintance, as well as his sympathetic regard for all in distress, and more particularly for the poor, whom he amply relieved in his life, and did not forget at his death. He retained the full enjoyment of all his faculties to the last. He was at one time in partnership with Mr. Dash, in the same town.

1813, May. RICHARD BRINSLEY SHERIDAN,* esq. M. P. for the town of Stafford, was presented by his constituents with an elegant vase cup, on which was engraved the following inscription:

To the Right Hon. R. B. SHERIDAN, the eloquent, intrepid, and incorruptible Guardian of that Palladium of all the Civil, Religious, and Political Rights of Freemen, The Liberty of the Press. This Cup is presented

by his friends of Stafford,

as a small Tribute of their unbounded Admiration, irrevocable Esteem, and eternal Gratitude.

1813, July. Died, ROBERT SPENCE, one of the proprietors of that extensively circulated paper the York Herald, and son of the eminent bookseller of that name. He died at York, aged thirty-four years.

fulness and good humour which were so conspicuous in his manners and conversation. endeared him to all his acquaintance.

1813, April 21. Died, THOMAS CURTIS, 1813, Aug. Died, BENJAMIN ROBERT HAYformerly an eminent wholesale stationer, in DON, an eminent printer and bookseller, at Fleet-street, Newgate-street, and Ludgate-hill; Plymouth, aged fifty-five years. He was a mm which latter place he quitted some years previous disposition, and the benevolence of his mind. universally esteemed for the excellence of his to his death, resigning business to his only son. He had been more than fifty-five years a livery-himself useful to his friends; whilst the cheerHe was never so happy as when he could render man of the company of stationers; and few men were more generally beloved and esteemed; his mild and conciliating manners having uniformly secured the friendship of all who were connected with him, either in business or in domestic life. He died at Camberwell, in his seventy-seventh year, and was brother-in-law to Henry Baldwin. 1813, May. Died, JAMES BOWLING, aged seventy-five years, formerly proprietor, editor, and printer of the Leeds Mercury, which he revived in 1767, and conducted with a degree of integrity and firmness that honoured a free press. He was one of the few provincial editors who raised a warning voice against those fatal measures which produced the ruinous hostilities that severed the American colonies from the British empire. In the year 1794, he resigned the conduct of his journal, and lived in retirement, employing himself, as long as strength and mental energy existed, in acts of benevolence.

1813, Aug. 11. Died, HENRY JAMES PYL poet-laureate, who, if he did not possess great genius, was not deficient in the patriotic spiri of the times. He was born in London in the year 1745, and educated at Magdalen collect, Oxford, where he was created LL.D. in 1772, Mr. James Pye resumed the practice of writing and in 1784 was in parliament for Berkshire. a new-year ode; but after 1796, neither new year nor birth-day odes appear in the periodical publications; and we are therefore inclined t suppose that the serious events of the war put a final stop to this tom-foolery. He translated the war verses of Tyrtæus the Spartan, for the purpose of animating the British militia agains the French; and a board of general officers. 1813, May. Died, E. EDWARDS, bookseller, much impressed by their weight and importance. Ruthin, Denbighshire, aged seventy-eight years. intentions. The verses were accordingly read agreed to give all the effect in their power to For upwards of forty years he might literally be said to be as stationary as his counter, for, aloud at Warley-common and Barbam-dow excepting upon real emergency, he never parted by the adjutants, at the head of five different from it from morning till night. By penurious regiments, at each camp; and much was es saving he amassed the large sum of £4,600 in pected. But before they were half finished, a the three per cent. consols, besides other pro-hearing or verse-shot, dropped their arms su the front ranks, and as many as were within perty; the whole of which he left, jointly, between two daughters, and in default of issue, in equal proportions to the Chester and Liverpool infirmaries; restraining one of his daughters from marrying men whose names he specified.

1813, May. Died, W. CLACHER, many years proprietor of the Chelmsford Chronicle, at Cottage-place, near Chelmsford, aged eighty years. 1813, May. The Censor, a periodical published at Oxford.

1813. The art of printing was introduced at Rio de Janeiro, the capital of Brazil, in South America. A Portuguese and English Grammar by Freitag, was printed here in the year 1820.

denly, and were all found fast asleep. Marquis Townsend, who never approved of the scheme,

* Richard Brinsley Sheridan was the third son of the celebrated Thomas Sheridan, and born in the city of Dublin, Oct. 30, 1751. As a parliamentary orator Sheridan stands unrivalled, and in real patriotism displayed more than his matic pieces, and his School for Scandal is the great leader Mr. Fox. He was the author of many dr popular, and perhaps the most legitimate comedy s modern times. He died in London, July 7, 1816. + Died Aug. 11, 1824, in his seventy-sixth year.

A Defence of Poetry, addressed to Henry James Pr2, esq. with a specimen of a new version of Telemachus. B J. D'Israeli, esq. 4to. 1790. The whole edition, except ing a few copies that had been sold, was burned by the

author.

wittily remarked, that the first of all poets had observed, that Sleep is the brother of Death. This laureate, who consented to the commutation of his butt of wine for twenty-seven pounds, was succeeded by Mr. Robert Southey, the present occupant of the title and its accompanying pension, and the first man of true poetical genius who has held it since the dismissal of Dryden. It is rather curious to observe, that the laureats appointed by the Stuarts were uniformly men of a high order of genius, and that those nominated by the Brunswick sovereigns, during the whole of the first century of their sway, were, with the single exception of Warton, the dullest pretenders to poetry who existed in their respective lifetimes.

Robert Southey, LL. D. as a poet, biographer, and historian, is unquestionably one of the first writers of the age. He has long been known o the trade as an author of all work; and riginal writing, compilations, and editorial uperintendence, have, in turn, called forth the Dowers of his intellect, and the resources of his aried and comprehensive knowledge. He was orn August 12, 1774, at Bristol, where his ather carried on an extensive business as a wholesale linen-draper; and he received his ducation at Westminster and Balio college, Oxford, with a view to the church.

1813, Aug. Died, D. BREWMAN, proprietor f the Sunday Monitor, &c. and many years n active printer and publisher of the metropolis. He died at Holloway.

1813, Sept. Died, WILLIAM APPLETON, bookeller, at Darlington, in the county of Durham, ged sixty-three years.

1813, Nov. 1. JOHN RUTHVEN, printer, of Edinburgh, obtained a patent for a machine or ress for printing from types, blocks, or other urfaces.

meanour and vivacity attracted the notice of the abbate Ruggieri, the superintendent of that establishment, and, after an explanation, Bodoni had the good fortune to be engaged there as a workman. In this employment he attracted the notice of the cardinal Spinelli, at that time the head of the Propaganda, who became his patron, and by whose advice he attended a course of lectures on the oriental languages, in the university of La Sapienza, and learned to read Arabic and Hebrew. Being intrusted with the printing of the Arab-Copht Missal, and the Alphabetum Tibetanum, edited by Père Giorgi, he so acquitted himself, that Ruggieri put his name at the end of the volume, with that of his town: Romæ excudebat Johannes Baptista Bodonus Salutiensis, MDCCLXII. Ruggieri's suicide, however, in 1766 (or as other accounts say, as early as 1762) rendered Bodoni's longer stay at Rome insupportable from regret. At this time he had also accepted a proposal to come to England, but going to Saluzzo to see his parents, he fell ill; and the marquis de Felino, in the interval, offering to place him at the head of the press intended to be established at Parma, upon the model of that of the Louvre, Bodoni broke his engagements, and settled there in 1768.

In 1771 he published specimens of his art in Saggio Tipografico di fregi e majuscole, in 8vo. ; followed in 1774 by Iscrizioni esotiche, composed by J. B. de Rossi; and in 1775, on occasion of the marriage of the prince of Piedmont with the princess Clotilde of France, a third work of the same description, entitled Epithalamia exoticis linguis reddita, exhibiting the alphabets of twenty-five languages. Between 1755 and 1788, although his fame became universal, his press was not over-actively employed.

In 1788 the chevalier d'Azara, the Spanish minister to Rome, made an offer to Bodoni to 1813, Nov. 20. Died, JOHN BAPTIST BO- establish a press in his palace in that city, to ONI, the celebrated printer of Parma, and no print editions of the Greek, Latin, and Italian oubt, the most distinguished in his profession classics. Bodoni however refused his solicitauring the eighteenth century. He was born tions; and in 1789 the duke of Parma, unwillt Saluzzo in the Sardinian states, Feb. 16, 1740, ing that so eminent a printer should be drawn fa respectable but humble family. He learned away by any one from his dominions, formed a he rudiments of his art in the office of his father. similar project, and furnishing Bodoni with a n his earlier days he showed a taste for design, portion of his palace and a press, some of the nd at hours of leisure engraved vignettes on most beautiful editions of the classics known vood, which have been since sought for by the issued from it: more especially a Horace in folio, mateurs. At eighteen years of age a desire to in a single volume, in 1791; Virgil, in two mprove his condition induced him to undertake volumes in folio, in 1793; Catullus, Tibullus, journey to Rome. He left Saluzzo with a Propertius, in 1794; and Tacitus's Annals, in chool-fellow, Dominic Costa, who expected to three volumes, folio, in 1795. Dibdin says, of eceive assistance from an uncle, at that time this last work, only thirty copies were printed, ecretary to a Roman prelate. The two friends with a few on large paper. In 1794 Bodoni proceeded on their journey, but their money produced a most beautiful edition of the Geruailed. Bodoni, by selling some of his engrav-salemme Liberata of Tasso, in three vols. folio. ngs on wood to printers, procured sufficient to enable them to get to Rome. But, upon their Arrival there, Costa's uncle told them he could do nothing for them, and advised them to return. Bodoni, discouraged by this unexpected recepion, yielded to the advice; but, before he quitted Rome, thought he would visit the print ng house of the Propaganda. His general de

His most sumptuous work of all was his Homer, in three volumes, in folio, printed in 1808, with a prefatory dedication to the emperor Napoleon, in Italian, French, and Latin. When the French armies entered Italy, in the early part of the revolutionary war, Bodoni and his labours had received a marked protection. On the 21st of January, 1810, Bodoni presented a

copy of this splendid work, printed upon vellum,
in two volumes, to the emperor, in the gallery
at St. Cloud, and in return, received a pension
of 3,000 francs. While Italy was under the
French rule, Bodoni received the most tempting
offers to quit Parma. Prince Eugene Beauhar-
nois offered him the superintendence of the press
at Milan, and Murat that of Naples; but he
pleaded age and infirmities, and his wish to
remain at Parma. In 1811, having received the
Cross of the Two Sicilies from Murat, he pro-ance of further stamps.
posed to publish for the education of the young
prince, the son of Murat, a series of French
classics, and commenced the execution of his
project by a folio Telemachus in 1812. Racine
was not published till 1814, after Bodoni's death.
Bodoni had long suffered from the gout, to
which a fever was at last superadded, which
terminated the life of this eminent typographer.
Within a few months of his death Napoleon no-
minated him a chevalier de la Réunion, and sent
him a present of 18,000 francs to aid him in the
publication of the French classics.

1813, Dec. JOHN MAGEE editor and proprietor of the Dublin Evening Post, found guilty of publishing a libel against the duke of Richmond, then lord-lieutenant of Ireland, and sentenced to pay a fine to the king of £500, to be imprisoned two years in Newgate, and to find sureties for his conduct for seven years, himself in £1000, and two others in £500 each. By a novel application of a temporary law, Mr. Magee's paper was suppressed by the disallow

In 1816 Bodoni's widow sent forth a work which Bodoni had prepared so long as 1809, the date of which year appears on the title-page, entitled Le piu insigni Pitture Parmensi indicati agli Amatori delle Belle Arti, accompanied by engravings of the different pictures.

In 1818 the Manuale Tipographico del Cavaliere Giambattista Bodoni, containing specimens of his various types, appeared from the Bodonian press, the business of which was still carried on by his widow. It forms two splendid volumes in 4to. with his portrait prefixed.

Two works were printed by Bodoni in English; an edition of lord Orford's Castle of Otranto, printed for Edwards of Pall Mall, in 1791, 8vo; and an edition of Thomson's Seasons, in two sizes, folio and quarto, 1794.

Bodoni's classics were not all as correct as they were beautiful. Didot discovered about thirty errors in the Virgil, which were noticed in the preface to his own edition. Among the books belonging to George III. in the British museum, is one of twenty-five copies of the Homer on the largest paper, a most splendid specimen of typography. For more minute details of Bodoni's life, the reader may refer to Joseph de Lama's Vita del Cavaliere Giambattista Bodoni, 2 tom. Parma, 1816, the second volume of which is filled with an analytical catalogue of the productions of his press. A medallion with a portrait of Bodoni appears in the frontispiece to the first volume. See also the works of M. de Gregory Verceil, 8vo. and P. Passeroni, 8vo.

1813, Nov. 23. RICHARD MAKENZIE BACON, of the city of Norwich, printer; and BRYAN DONKIN, of Foot-place, Bermondsey, in the county of Surrey, engineer, obtained a patent for certain improvements in the implements or apparatus employed in printing, whether from types, from blocks, or from plates.

1813. WILLIAM CASLON, type-founder, Dorsetstreet, London, obtained a patent for improving printing types.

Mr. Ponsonby, a distinguished member of the Irish parliament, made a motion, impeaching the earl of Clonmell, chief justice of the court of king's bench, for an oppressive exercise of his power in the case of Mr. Magee. The charge was so clearly made out, that the crown lawyers in the house did not attempt to refute it, but contented themselves with shielding the chief justice from the consequences, by that majority of votes which it was in their power to interpose. Mr. Ponsonby, seeing how the matter was to go, warmly observed, that “he had done his duty in bringing the subject before the house; and he should leave it to them to do theirs. If the attorney-general was content to abandon the defence of his noble friend, the learned judge, by declining all argument, and trusting to the decision of the Book of Numbers, be it so; he was quite aware what would be the issue:-he might, it is true, lose his motion, bat lord Clonmell was d—for ever." Mr. Ponsonby spoke prophetically. The question was indeed put, and negatived without a division; but the judicial character and mental feelings of lord Clonmell never recovered the blow. He survived but a few years.

1813, Dec. 2. Died, JOHN ROBINSON, the last surviving member of the bookselling firm of G.J. and J. Robinson, of Paternoster-row, many years the greatest trading booksellers and pub lishers known in this country. After the death of the elder George, and the failure of the house, he went into partnership with Mr. George Wilkie, with whom he carried on a respectable country trade, and held shares in many estab lished books. He was a man of considerable ability, a lover of literature for its own sake, and of indefatigable and laborious attention to business. The family name is sustained in the trade, by the grandsons of the elder George. who reside in the house of the original firm; and it is but justice to state, that literature was scarcely under greater obligation to the name of Tonson, than it has been to the energetic and enterprising spirit of the family of the Robin Sons. He died at Putney, in his sixty-first year, leaving a widow, and two sons, John, and Richard, the former a bookseller in Paternoster-roR, who was assisted by his brother.

1813. The Intellectual Repository of the New Church, published quarterly, by Edward Parses a preacher of the calvinistical methodists, at Leeds, and one of the conductors of the Fren gelical Magazine.