562 suffering from malarial poisons have intermittent attacks of hematuria, or probably, to speak more correctly, of methemoglobinuria, in which the hematuria has been attributed to the influence of the sulfate of quinin. The facts, however, that quinin never produces methemoglobinuria in healthy individuals, that the attacks are accompanied with chill, fever, and sweat, following, according to Carreau, absolutely the course of the paroxysm of intermittent fever, and that tho the quinin is used everywhere, the methemoglobinuria occurs only in certain localities, certainly seem to prove that the attacks are really due to a certain form of malaria, and not to the quinin." -ED.] Facial Eczema.—Prolapse of Rectum.-Obstinate Diarrhea.-Dilatation of Os Uteri. Editor MEDICAL WORLD:-I shall be greatly obliged for information on the following cases, as I have first purchased and read the very best and latest books and sought advice from every other available source. Case I.-Male, aged fifty, of sedentary habits, for twenty-five years has had at frequent intervals facial eczema. He has had an attack now for four months, which absolutely incapacitates him for all work. The entire face and back of neck is one mass of scaling eczema, fiery red, and so irritated that the man is almost crazy. His general condition is good, tho nutrition is somewhat impaired. I find no other lesion about him. Case II.-Male child, four years old, with prolapse of rectum of fourteen months' duration. I have used rectal injections of cold astringent solutions, applied several astringent ointments, given hypophosphites, iron, ergot, and digestants when indicated. Have been unusually careful of his hygiene, and for a year he has passed his stools on his side or back. He has improved, but the condition remains, and the parents are tired and I am tired. Case III.-Female, forty-three years of age, has had diarrhea for the entire heated season for three or four years, reducing her to a skeleton, and putting her in bed for months at a time. No other lesion, but every indication that the disease is of nervous origin. Menstruation irregular, tho never any hemorrhage of alarming character at periods. Blood in stools at times; tongue always red and dry; some soreness over bowels; pulse nearly 100 all the time; no fever. The weather has changed, but my patient is no better this time. She has suffered much from a legion of doctors. I'll desist from filling your entire issue with what has been done for her. I am anxious to know, too, what is the best method of dilating the os uteri prior to and at full term, to hasten delivery where it is indicated. What instruments are most practicable for the average doctor in this emergency? I have consulted half a dozen of the latest authorities, and many journal articles, but they differ materially; most of them say Barnes' bags are too small as ordinarily made. I ask this information because I know of several cases of fatal eclampsia dying undelivered; one of them I saw in consultation when moribund, or nearly so. I shall appreciate greatly your kind reply to these questions, and feel that there is enuf here to give the brethren a good chance to write me personally. The last appeal I made like this brought me most valuable information from all over this great country, showing how widely your journal is read, and how like real brothers we are in helping each other and humanity. Seneca, S. C. EDGAR A. HINES. [You should have stated more of the particulars regarding treatment employed in your any form. first case. One of the cardinal rules in treating all acute eczemas, and one the most frequently violated, is never to give arsenic in Because the disease recurs, does not necessarily indicate that it is chronic in nature. It is probable that some error of metabolism, repeated at periodical intervals, is responsible for the repeated appearances of the affection; therefore, we suggest a thoro cleansing of the kidneys and bowels, with due attention to the reaction and characteristics of the urin both before and after treatment. We suggest the following local application; it will relieve the itching: Pulverized calamine (pink) of each Oxid of zinc Glycerin... Lime water enuf to make. 4 drams 6 drams 8 oz. Mix and direct to be applied frequently, after being thoroly shaken. The application of pure bay rum, tho intensely painful for a few moments, is often of great value in eczema involving the scalp, yet its effect must be watcht to see that the high temporary stimulation is not followed by permanent irritation. 2. You have treated your case of rectal prolapse as well as medicin will do it; now do something else. Have the patient wear a compress constantly except just before defecation, then remove it and inject cold water containing tannin or fluid hydrastis before the stool is passed. Or support the anus by the fingers, separated just far enuf to allow the passage of the stool, during defecation, thus preventing prolapse, and after defecation bind the buttocks firmly and closely enuf together with adhesiv strips that prolapse cannot occur. You have tried cold injections; now try warm injections just before stool so that straining will not occur during defecation. Cauterize the protruding mucous membrane in strips with fuming nitric acid, apply olive oil, and replace and retain; or use the solid stick of nitrate of silver in the same manner. Some writers advise binding the bowels for ten days after such cauterization; others do not use this secondary treatment. If none of these methods are successful, you must have a surgeon operate. 3. Besides giving her fluid extract of valerian and the less irritating of the bromids, give this prescription: Fluid extract of catechu compound 3 to 6 drams 3 ounces 40 grains I dram Salicylate of soda 4. Barnes' bags are the best and the only safe dilators under such circumstances, unless one include bimanual dilation, and this takes a certain degree of skill and practise. You can have a fourth and larger size made to order; the third or largest ordinary size is too small. It takes about an hour to get full dilation with these, and it is claimed only about twenty minutes are required for bimanual dilation.-ED.] Possible Traumatic Epilepsy. Editor MEDICAL WORLD:-Girl, thirteen years old, menstruated at eleven. Tuberculosis in mother's family. Has always been a weakly child. Physical examination reveals nothing abnormal except slight irregular action of the heart, and that condition is improving. Examination of urin, negativ. Last January while skating she fell on the ice, striking her head, and was unconscious for a short time. She was seen by a physician, who diagnosed concussion. After that she had regularly returning paroxysms, which the family called chills. Every evening at a certain hour she would get cold and ache, but had no rise in temperature after the paroxysm. Another physician diagnosed spinal disease and treated her, with no results. I first saw her last August, suffering from an impaction caused by injudiciously eating green apples. In two weeks she was able to be out of bed. Then the chills returned as regularly as before. As she was very anemic, in fact bordering on chlorosis, I gave her iron and bitter tonics, pepsin and hydrochloric acid, Fowler's solution, hypophosphites, etc. Also gave nerve sedativs. Her general condition is much improved. Has increast in weight. Has a good appetite and sleeps well, but the chilly sensation and aching still return with unfailing regularity. Suggestions will be thankfully received. W. H. ROGERS, M.D. CURRENT MEDICAL THOUGHT Pneumonia in Chicago. In the current issue of the bulletin of the Chicago Department of Health is the following: The community is again facing the beginning of the murderous pneumonia season. Between the last of this month and the close of next May upward of 2,100 persons will die of pneumonia in Chicago, while from consumption-the "great white plague," which is practically monopolizing the attention and the efforts of the laborers in the field of preventiv medicin -there will hardly be more than 1,300 deaths during the same period. 'Since the beginning of the last great pandemic of influenza, in 1889, there have been 33,861 deaths from pneumonia in this city, and 29,980 from consumption -an excess of 11.4 percent of pneumonia mortality. During this period, that is, the last thirteen years, 1890-1902, the deaths from pneumonia have increast from an average of 117 in the 100,000 of population during the previous thirteen years, 1877-1889, to 179an increase of nearly 53 percent. Corresponding figures for consumption are 171 per 100,000 in the first period and 160 in the second-a decrease of a little more than 6 percent. Ravages of Venereal Diseases. It has been stated, upon reliable authority, that "one-eighth of all the patients in the hospitals of New York are inmates thereof because of venereal diseases or their consequences," and that fully 200,000 people infected with diseases of this type are walking the streets of that city. Gonorrhea, alone, is said to be responsible for 80 percent of the life-long blindness, and for 80 percent of the mortality from pelvic diseases in women. It is the principal cause of surgical diseases of the kidney, of invalidism in women, of sterility in both male and female-hence of racial "suicide." Syphilis is not only a horrible, mutilating, life-destroying disease, undermining the health of the patient and his progeny, but its consequences are farreaching, as manifested in tabes, and other forms of nerve degeneration, paresis of the insane, and tuberculosis. Yet these diseases are, for the most part, readily preventable. Their increase, while based upon sexual desire, is largely due to the ignorance of the people regarding their nature and dangers. While it is not likely that the social evil will ever be destroyed, the dissemination of knowledge may do much to minimize its dangers.-Med. Standard." According to census statistics we have 500,000 prostitutes, and 100,000 of them die each year of diseases peculiar to their business. How many patrons, on an average, does each prostitute have? We will not venture to estimate; but the number of prostitutes given above, with the given mortality from “diseases peculiar to their business," gives us some idea of the extent of the diffusion of venereal diseases. Gullible Doctors and School Teachers. Not long ago a promoter" called at a local bank and unfolded to the cashier a scheme of growing suddenly rich by investing in a company which he was organizing to exploit a patent. The banker told the man that the scheme was too visionary to attract business men, and askt him how he expected to raise the money. He replied by handing the cashier a sheet of paper on which was written the names of from twentyfive to thirty physicians and a like number of school teachers, remarking that doctors and school teachers were easily persuaded to invest their money in any enterprise that promised rich results, and they never bothered about the risk. Only a few days ago a really good friend of mine begged me to invest in a $5,000,000 company, which proposed to operate a lumber plant in the mahogany forests of Mexico. He had figures that proved, on paper, that by investing $500 or $1,000 in the stock of 35 the company, one would derive an income of from $500 to $2,000 yearly for the rest of his life. The president of this great company, happening to be in Detroit, was brought to my office. He remarkt he was very fond of the society of medical men, and in visiting a city he made it a point to call on one or two of its leading doctors. For obvious reasons I did not feel flattered, and could not help thinking that my name must be on his list of "gullible people." He shortly announced he would be pleased to have me buy some stock for half the price offered the general public, for he would value my services on the advisory board of directors, as the undertaking was such a huge affair it was thought best to have such a board in connection with the regular directors. Altho overcome by the kind offers of wealth and honor, I felt myself of too retiring a nature to put myself under such great obligations to total strangers, not to mention my ignorance of timber lands in general and mahogany logs in particular, and so I politely declined going into the business. Nowadays, the words assessable and non-assessable, terms used in regard to stocks, really mean "six of one and half-dozen of the other." Non-assessable stocks are advertised as being perfectly safe from assessment, and so they are. One is induced to buy some shares of non-assessable stock, say in a gold mine or oil company. After a time the directors of the concern write the "victim," stating that he must buy 25 percent or 50 percent more treasury stock at a certain price, which often is higher than the market value, or he will lose all the money he has put into the "investment," as there is no money in the treasury to carry on the work. So in this way promoters gouge more money out of the unsuspecting innocents than they would dare levy in assessments.-Dr. R. W. Gillman, of Detroit, in Med. Age. A Fortune Lost! Morris Bailey, for thirty-eight years a practising physician of Titusville, Pa., celebrated his eighty-fifth birthday, recently, in a novel manner. On his books were accounts uncollectible, extending over nearly half a century of time, and amounting in the aggregate to about $42,000. These he consigned to the flames on his birthday. He has $10,000 worth of accounts remaining which he expects to "settle" in the same manner.-Exchange. Moral: Don't let your accounts get old. Take a bunch of accounts, amounting say to $3,000, and their value will depreciate rapidly with every month, and particularly with every year of added age. How much are you losing, daily, in this way? If you can't wind up every year by going over your claims "with a fine tooth comb," hire a tactful collector to take your accounts and see every one who owes you, instructing him to settle in some way-by note if not by cash. Don't carry accounts-in the shape of open accountsover the first of the year. It is presumed that you sent a bill promptly at the close of each protracted case during the year, and that you have sent a statement each month since, unless paid. Now is the time to close up your accounts for the year, getting either cash or notes, so you will have no open accounts to carry over, except for cases now in progress. Tenting in the Sunshine. Sunmount Tent City" is a town of tents about one mile from Santa Fe, New Mexico. The object of Sunmount, as stated by its management, is to furnish accommodations at a nominal cost, for healthseekers, giving them all the comforts of home, and an unsurpast opportunity to derive full benefit from tent life, which is so highly recommended for those suffering with pulmonary diseases. These tents are erected with a view to the comfort and convenience of their residents. They have matcht floors, walls wainscoted to three feet above the floor, and doors that can be lockt. They are neatly and handsomely furnisht, and have every possible convenience. The administration building, which includes dining room, reading room, writing room, and bath rooms, is centrally located within easy access of all the tents. Sunmount also has its own stables, poultry yard, Jersey cows, etc., supplying fresh eggs, cream 3. Do all the end-products of hepatic metabolism enter the bile ducts? 4. Give structure and function of pancreas. 5. Trace the course of a particle of blood thru both adult and fetal heart. 6. Trace the various steps in the digestion and assimilation of a CHEMISTRY, URINALYSIS AND TOXICOLOGY. 1. Define an acid, a base, a salt, giving examples of same with chemical name and formula 7. What changes occur in the blood in myelogenous leukemia. 8. Pathology of the various stages of acute lobar pneumonia. 9. Pathology of cirrohsis of the liver. 10 Pathology of tubercular peritonitis. MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS. 1. Given the dose for an adult, how is the dose for a child determined? 2. What drugs are synergists of belladonna, and what are the prominent physiological actions of the groups. Write a prescription containing senna as a laxativ for a chud of three years with habitual constipation. What may the diabetic eat, and what should he avoid? 3. 4. 10. From what source is ergot derived, and what is its most important physiological action? HOMEOPATHIC MATERIA Medica. W. A. Beach. 1. Give symptoms of Merc. Corr in bowel troubles. 2. Symptoms of Verat. Alb; Camphor and Arsenicum in Chol era. 3. Give symptoms of Verat Vir. showing its action in lung troubles. 4. Give mental symptoms of Bell.; Cannabis Ind., and Apis. 6. Give three characteristic symptoms of following remedies: ECLECTIC MATERIA MEdica. Charles M. Cannon, M.D. 1. Give indications for Echinacea, carbolic acid, Hcl. acid, Antistreptococci Serum and Trional. 2. Give dose of Morphin Sulf., Opium, Chloroform, Chloral Hydrate and Corrosiv Sublimate. 3. Name three Oxytocics and give dose. 4. Give indications and dosage of Basham's mixture and Diuretin. 5. In treatment of Puerperal Eclampsia state how to use Verat rum 6. Give indication for Pilocarpin, Gelsemium, Hyoscyamus and Shepherd's purse. 7. Give indications for iron and kindred preparations. 8. When and why prescribe cod liver oil. 9. Name three remedies which stop fermentation in the bowels. 10. Give dose of Hydrobromic acid dilute, Hydrocyanic acid dilute, and the Physiological action of both. THEORY AND PRACTISE of Medicin. 1. (a) Define fever, and what is the normal temperature of the human body? (b) What do you understand by organic disease and by functional disease? 2. Define vertigo and give causes. 3. Define hay fever and give causes, duration and treatment. 4. Give causes, symptoms, prognosis and treatment of cardiac dilatation. 1. Describe Chopart operation. 2. Give symptoms and treatment of renal calculus. 3. Give diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in knee joint. 4. Give symptoms and treatment of dislocation of radius at elbow. 5. Give treatment for simple fracture of shaft of femur. 6. Give diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of female breast. 7. Describe operation for varicose veins of the leg. 8. Give diagnosis and treatment of hydrocele. 9. Give diagnosis and treatment of femoral hernia. 10. Give cause of dislocation and treatment of downward dislocation of humerus. OBSTETRICS. W. A. Beach. 1. What are the differences in the male and female pelvis? 2. What are the different stages in labor? Describe each. 3. What diameter of head corresponds to the conjugate diameter of the pelvis in left occpito anterior presentation? 4. What does a material amount of albumin in the urin of pregnant woman indicate? What danger is there and how averted? 5. In contraction of pelvis how small a conjugate will allow the birth of living child? What would you advise if contraction is greater? 6. What conditions would cause you to advise the use of forceps? What is post partum hemorrhage? How averted? 7. 8. What would cause eversion of uterus? How treated? DISEASES OF WOMEN. A. F. Groves, M.D., Brainerd, Minn. 1. Atresia, define and give varieties, causes, symptoms and treatment of each. 2. Perineal body. Give location and boundaries, describe briefly its structure and functions. State results following any abnormal condition of this body. 3. Give indications and contra-indications for the use of the uterin sound. What are its dangers? 4. Ectopic Gestation. Give etiology, symptomatology, both early and late, diagnosis and treatment. 5. Describe the operation of Ventral fixation of uterus. DISEASES OF Children. 1. Hereditary Syphilis, symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment. 2. Parotitis, etiology, symptomatology, complications, prognosis and treatment. 3. Inanition fever, etiology, symptomatology and treatment. 4. Masasmus or Infantil Atrophy, etiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. 5. Infantil Eczema, etlology, symptomatology, prognosis and treatment. EYE AND EAR. A. B. Cole, M.D., Fergus Falls, Minn. 1. Define hemianopsia, amblyopia, hypermetropia, asthenopia. 2. Give etiology, symptoms and treatment of glaucoma. 3. When is enucleation advisable? 4. Give symptoms and treatment of acute catarrhal inflammation of middle ear. 5. Give symptoms and treatmentof impacted cerumen. MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. W. Davis. 1. Is a physician obliged to attend a patient who sends for him? 2. Mention the chief signs of death. 3. What signs justify the physician in swearing that a woman is pregnant? 4. What is the poisonous principle in Paris Green? in "Rough on Rats"? in verdigris? in oil of almonds? 5. What post mortem appearances indicate recent abortion? Reciprocity in Medical Licensure The State Board of Medical Registration and Examination of Ohio adopted the following resolution at its regular meeting on October 6, 1903: "The Ohio State Board of Medical Registration and Examination will dispense with the examination of a candidate presenting a license from another State Board, or from the Board of Examiners of the District of Columbia, issued after an examination upon which a general average of 75 percent was obtained, upon payment of the fee, fifty dollars, required by law; provided, the applicant was, at the time of such examination, the holder of a diploma from a medical college recognized as in good standing by the State Board of Ohio; and provided, that the applicant has complied in all other particulars with the laws of Ohio governing the practise of medicin and surgery, and the rules of the Ohio State Board of Medical Registration and Examination; and provided, that the State Board issuing such license will in like manner accept the license issued by this Board." At the same meeting six certificates were issued under the exemption clause, and the certificate of S. Burkham, Nevada, Wyandot county, was revoked on charge of being addicted to the liquor habit to such a degree as to render him unfit to practise medicin.Columbus Med. Jour. For information concerning the prize essay competition of the Association of Military Surgeons for 1904, upon the subject "The Relation of the Medical Department to the Health of Armies," address Dr. J. E. Pilcher, secretary, Carlisle, Pa. OUR MONTHLY TALK Practical Workings of the Single Tax in Fairhope, Ala. [Please see editorial note at bottom of first column of page 455, October WORLD. The following very interesting account came in response to same.-ED.] Editor MEDICAL WORLD:-Nine years ago the tract of land now occupied by the village of Fairhope was a typical Southern jungle. About this time a movement was started in Des Moines, Iowa, to establish a colony for the immediate application of the Henry George single tax principle, and after an extensiv investigation the present site was chosen as offering a combination of advantages not to be found elsewhere. The location is a beautiful one on the eastern shore of Mobile Bay, and almost within sight of Alabama's historic and important sea-coast city, Mobile, and a little more than fifty years since it was the scene of an ambitious attempt to found a city on the ordinary speculativ lines of which only an occasional lot-stake, some crumbling brick masonry and decaying piles along the water-front remain. The land rises almost abruptly from the bay to a height of forty feet, and then gradually inland until it reaches an elevation of a hundred and twenty feet. The county in which Fairhope is situated is the largest county in the entire South, is traversed by creeks and rivers, several small bays make into it, and its fertil lands afford support to farmer and sawmill man alike. A wharf was built by the colonists which made a landing place for the mail carrying steamer plying between Mobile and the eastern shore points, at the same time putting Fairhope (a name chosen for temporary use but which will doubtless continue to be used) in touch with the outside world, and because of its being at the farthest sweep of the upper bay, it soon became a favorit point for shipment and passenger traffic of a large scope of country back in the interior. The mail steamer still lands at this wharf twice daily, but two years ago the colonists, with the aid of outside friends, built and put in service a steamer of their own, the Fairhope, which running direct to Mobile from this point and covering the distance in less time, has greatly increast the business of the port. The wharf buildings were greatly facilitated by the application of the Guernsey Market House plan, by which investments of funds were secured in return for wharf certificates receivable for wharf charges. These were long ago redeemed, and the wharf is now the property of the colony, its net revenue of one thousand dollars for the past year (which is increasing) being a public fund expended for the benefit of the whole community. This marks one of the advantages of the colony plan, for at other towns along the shore the wharfs are private property, and their revenues accrue to owners only. The Single Tax principle is applied by the colony in a very simple but very direct way. The colony has, of course, no taxing power, but it accomplishes the single tax aim of taking for public use the values attaching to land because of growth of the community or other cause outside the efforts of the individual holder, by holding the title of the land and leasing to individuals from whom it collects as rent the value which Mr. George proposed to take by a tax. To make this rent really a single tax, the association assumes the payment of all taxes (state and county) not only on the land, but on the improvements and also the personal property of lessees. Leases are for ninety-nine years, but rentals are re-appraised annually. It costs one hundred dollars to join the colony, but it is not necessary to become a member to rent land and thus enjoy all the economic advantages of its plan of organization. Besides the single tax, the colony in its plan of government applies other reforms, such as the initiativ and referendum, and the right to recall at any time an incompetent or unpopular official. The rapid growth of the colony and its present state of development are claimed to be an evidence of the vindication of the ideals of its promoters; outsiders have claimed that it is due to favorable location and the enterprise of its citizens; however, the fact remains that where nine years ago was one of the wildest spots along this shore, today is a growing village. The colonists ascribe their success to entire absence of land speculation, the revenue taken as rent on the increasing land values being applied to the community at large, while that from other communities goes directly and solely to the land owners. A part of the single tax idea is that there is no public good in the mere holding of land-no cause to take land unless there is some definit use to make of it; hence some of the best unoccupied sites are thus always open to new-comers. This has undoubtedly been of benefit to the village here, enabling it to be built up more compactly and symmetrically than is usually the case, consequently there is no ragged edge" such as is to neat be seen as an eye-sore to many other towns, our suburbs presenting the same uniformly comfortable, cottages and surroundings as are found in the central portions. The population is about four hundred; there are some seventy-five dwellings, five stores, two of them among the largest general stores in the county, a bakery, a butcher shop, a drug store, a livery and sale stable, a handsome Christian church, a spacious school-house (at present there are some sixty or more pupils, a really excellent hotel, a public library of nearly twenty-five hundred volumes, a barber shop, a tailoring establishment, a blacksmith, a millinery establishment, and a movement well on foot to build a spacious and handsome auditorium. A neat and newsy paper is edited here, The Fairhope Courier, semi-monthly, which has just begun to operate a handsome new press, its editor, Mr. E. B. Gaston, being the secretary of the colony. Now a word as to climate, etc. This section is steadily growing in popular favor as a resort both for northern tourists in winter and for people of this section and more remote ones in summer; our early summers, late falls and mild winters offering an especially desirable combination of advantageous weather conditions for bronchial, pulmonary, or other diseases. All thru the summer our ozone laden breezes blow in from off the gulf, the land breezes redolent of the pine and its products, the myriad of wild flowers that deck our hills, the song-birds carolling from the swinging boughs, and our gorgeous moonlight nights certainly offer the invalid or convalescent diversion of a health-restoring character. The bay front for ten miles or more presents a picturesque appearance with its cottages nestling amid the tropical plants or hoary, moss bearded oaks, giving shelter to hundreds from the cities who seek the bathing, fishing, crabbing, etc., while the land offers many places for excursion parties, or the lower bay for trips by sea where Fort Morgan guards the entrance from the gulf, the water affording food for gulls, pelicans, porpoises, etc., the land in winter, sport for the huntsman also. As an ideal location for a sanatorium I know of none better, and with financial and professional support such an enterprise is bound to prove a success. I have seen the wasted form of childhood regain its youthful vigor, the anxious, care-worn mother her wonted health, the rackt consumptiv almost com pletely restored to a former standard of physical well being, and all this, too, without resort to a multiplicity or great quantity of drugs. If a healthful climate, pure water in abundance, good drainage, balmy sunshine and cheerful surroundings-in fact, if the bounteous gifts of nature count for anything in the restoration of health, seek them here. If any of your readers are seeking a winter resort for any of their patients, or the idea of a sanatorium ap peals to them from a business standpoint, I shall be glad to give any information desired.' Fairhope, Ala. GEO. A. SHELDON, M.D. The Taxing Power. The Standard Oil Company has added one cent a gallon to the wholesale price of kerosene. This means that the consumer wil have to pay a cent and a half a gallon more. The company has also raised the price of paraffin candles one cent a pound. One raise will add $10,000,000 to its yearly revenues and the other will add $1,000,000. A corporation which has the monopoly of a great industry has suddenly given orders that the public must pay it $11,000,000 more a year than it has been paying. That the action of the Standard Oil Company exceeds legislativ power, whether by Congress or State Legislatures, is emphasized by the Chicago Tribune, which points out that The public body, large or small, does not levy taxes without giving people, due notice of its intentions. There is discussion. Chere is an opportunity for protests. Whatever is done is done in the daylight. There is no publicity when a private corporation levies tribute to the amount of millions. The directors meet in a secluded room and formulate their edict. Sometimes it is one man, the master of the directors, who orders them to add to the volume of taxes. Probably in the case of the Standard O Company, Mr. Rockefeller is the sole arbiter of taxation. In a way Mr. Rockefeller is a greater man than President Roosevelt. The one can impose a tax and the other cannot. In theory the people who are taxt by the Standard Oil Company can defend themselves by not using its products. In practise they |