a hundred each, a hundred. Collectively: centena arbore. centum, [?], indecl. num. adj., a hundred, indef., as Eng. centumgeminus, -a, -um, [centum-geminus], adj., a hundredfold: Briareus (having a hundred arms).

cēra, -ae, [akin to knpós, perhaps borrowed], f., wax.

cerasus, -i, [Gr. képaσos], f., the cherry-tree (brought from Cerasus, in Pontus). ceraunius, -a, -um, [Gr. kepaúrios], adj., of thunder and lightning. Esp. masc. plur., Ceraunii montes, the Ceraunian mountains in Epirus (now Monti della Chimara). Neut. plur., the Ceraunian mountains. Cerberus, -1, [Gr. Képßepos], m., the three-headed dog that guarded the entrance to the Lower World. Cerealis, -e, [stem akin to Ceres +alis], adj., of Ceres, wheaten: solum (of a cake used as a plate or trencher). - More generally, pertaining to grain, agricultural: arma (tools of the husbandman). cerebrum, -1, [unc. stem (cf. cernuus) + brum], n., the brain. Cerēs, -eris, [cer (root of cresco)+es, cf. pubēs], f., the goddess of grain, daughter of Saturn and mother of Proserpine. - In prob. earlier meaning,grain, flour, bread.

cēreus, -a, -um, [cēra (reduced) +eus], adj., of wax,

waxen,

waxy: castra (of bees, waxy fortress). — Of color and appearance: pruna. cerintha, -ae, [Gr. knpivon], f., a plant furnishing food for bees. cerno, crēvi, crētum, cernere, [√cer (crē), suffix †na], 3. v. a., sift, separate (cf. cribrum, sieve). Fig. (with obj. or without), distinguish, see, discern: ut cernis. Decide by contest, contend, fight: ferro. certus, -a, -um, p.P., decided, fixed, certain, prescribed:

foedus. - Esp.: certum est, it is determined, one is resolved. Personally, determined, resolved to: eundi; mori. - From another point of view, fixed, established, undisturbed, sure: domus; requies; certissima proles (undoubted). So also of persons, certain, sure, unswerving, steady, trustworthy, unerring, faithful. Of a mentai state, certain, sure: certum (certiorem) facere (inform, make known to one). cernuus, -a, -um, [akin to cerebrum], adj., head-downwards: incumbit cernuus.

certamen, -inis, [certā (stem of certo) + men], n., (act or means of contending), contest (either hostile or friendly), struggle, battle, fight; match, rivalry. certatim [†certā+tis, acc., cf. partim], adv., earnestly, eagerly, in eager rivalry (often translated by a verb, vie with each other in, &c.). certe [abl. of certus], adv. In affirmation, certainly, surely, assuredly. Opposed to a concession, yet surely, at least, at any rate, still at any rate. certo, āvi, -ātum, -āre, [†certŏ-], I. v. n. and a. intens., (decide by contest, cf. cerno), contend (with hostility or otherwise), fight, strive, struggle, emulate, vie with, rival: remi; muneribus; solus tibi certat Amyntas. With infin., strive, endeavor: Phoebum superare canendo.

certus, -a, -um, p.p. of cerno. cerva, -ae, [?, akin to cornu and cerebrum], f., a hind.

cervix, -icis, [akin to cerebrum], f., the neck, the back of the neck (for carrying burdens), back or

shoulders.

cervus, -i, [root of cornu + vus], m., a stag, a deer: lěvis. cēspes, -itis, see caespes. cēsso, -āvi, -ātum, -āre, [†cesso(p.p. of cedo)], I. v. a. intens., give way, cf. cedo), hang back,

delay, cease, stop, abate, hesitate, go by a roundabout. way, loiter: genus telorum.- Esp., be idle, idle: siquid cessare potes; quidquid cessatum est (whatever idleness has been indulged).

Also of things, lie idle, be inactive: novales; furor (abate). cestus (caes-), -ūs, [Gr. keotós], m., a cestus, a thong wound round the hand loaded with lead or iron, a weapon of pugilists. cētē, see cētus. †cēterus (not found, cf. alter, etc.], -a, -um, [tce (cf. hic) + terus, comp. of ce], adj., the other (implying only two, cf. alter), the rest, the remaining, the rest of: rura. Neut. plur. as adv., in other respects, for the rest, for the future, otherwise.

Cethēgus, -i, m., a Trojan. cētrā, see caetra.

cētus, -1, [plur. n. cētē, as if fr. KĥTOS], m., a sea-monster, whale, shark, &c.

ceu [tce (cf. hic) -ve (cf. neu), or thus], adv. With single words, as, like, as if. — With clauses, as if, as when, just as.

Chalcidicus, -a, -um, [Gr. XaλkıSikós], adj., of Chalcis (the chief city of Euboea), Chalcidian: versus (of Euphorion, a native of Chalcis). Less exactly, of Cuma (a colony of Chalcis), Cumaan : arx (heights of Cuma). Chalybe, see Calybe. Chalybes, -um, [Gr. Xáλußes], m.,

the Chalybes, a people of Pontus, noted for their preparation of steel. chalybs, -ybis, [Gr. xáλv¥], m., steel: vulnificus.

Chāōn, -onis, m., a Trojan, the brother of Helenus, and eponymous hero of the Chaonian nation. Chāōnius, -a, -um, [†Chaon + ius], adj. of Chaonia (a region of Epirus), Chaonian. - Chaonia, f., (sc. terra), the country.-Less exactly, of Dodona (a city of Epirus, which whole country was for

merly occupied by the Chaonians), Dodonian.

Chaos, abl. Chaō, [Gr. xáos], n., (a yawning gulf), the boundless, empty space, as the kingdom of darkness; the Lower World.Personified, Chaos (or Infinite Space and Darkness).

Charōn, -ōntis, [Gr. Xápwv], m., the ferryman of the Styx, a personage probably borrowed from Egypt. Charybdis, -is, [Gr. Xápußdis], f., a dangerous whirlpool in the Strait of Messina, between Sicily and Italy.

Chelae, arum, [Gr. xnλai], f., (the arms of Scorpio). — Less exactly, the constellation Libra (into which the arms extended). chelydrus, -I, [Gr. xéλudpos], m.,

a water-snake.

Chimaera, -ae, [Gr. Xíuaipa (a goat)], f.: 1. A fabulous monster in Lycia, which vomited forth fire (in front a lion, in the hinder part a dragon, and in the middle a goat), slain by Bellerophon; 2. The name of one of the ships of Æneas. Chirōn, -ōnis, [Gr. Xeípwv (the one with a large hand)], m., Chiron, a Centaur distinguished by his knowledge of plants, medicine, and divination; son of Saturn and Phillyra; the tutor of Esculapius, Hercules, and Achilles; placed among the constellations. chlamys, -ydis, [Gr. xλaμús], f., a woollen upper garment or cape (sometimes purple and inwrought with gold), fastened by a clasp over the shoulder; a chlamys, cloak, military cloak (esp. Greek), state mantle.

Chlōreus, -eī, m., a Phrygian. chorea, -ae, [Gr. xopeía (pertaining to a xopos], f., a dance in a ring, a dance. chorus, -i, [Gr. xopós], m., a choral dance, a dance. Of the performers, a chorus, dancing band, choir. Less exactly, a multitude, band, troop.

Chromis, -is, [Gr. Xpóuis], m.: A young satyr; 2. A Trojan. cibus, -1, [?], m., food (of man or beast).

cicāda, -ae, f., the cicada or treecricket.

cicātrīx, -icis, [?], f., a scar.— Less exactly, of a plant, mark, scar, wound.

Cicones, -um, [Gr. Kikoves], m., a Thracian people, whose women were fabled to have torn Orpheus in pieces..

cicuta, -ae, [?], f., the poison hemlock, cicuta virosa. Less exactly, a hemlock stalk, or stem of some other similar herb used for pipes. cieo, civi, citum, ciēre, (rarely cio, cire, cf. compounds), [vci, of unc. meaning], 2. v. a. (causative), set in motion, move, stir, agitate aequora; equos (urge on); tonitru caelum (disturb); aere viros (rouse, stimulate).- Less exactly, produce, call forth, cause: gemitus; lacrimas (shed); simulacra pugnae (counterfeit); stragem (make havoc).- Fig., call upon : animam (cf. vocare); nocturnos manes (invoke).—citus, -a, -um, p.p. as adj., hurried, swift, quick. Ciminus, -i, m., a lake of Etruria, near Sutrium (now Lago di Ronciglione), with a mountain-forest

near it.

1. cinctus, -a, -um, p.p. of cingo. 2. cinctus, -ūs, [√cing + tus], m., a girding. Esp., cinctus Gabinus, the Gabine girding, a manner of girding up the toga; its corner, being thrown over the left shoulder, was brought under the right arm round to the breast. (This manner was customarily employed in religious festivals.) cingo, -xi, -ctum, -gere, [as if Vcing, perhaps n inserted], 3. v. a., surround (in all senses). Of persons, gird on, gird with, gird, gird up; inutile ferrum cingitur. Of parts of the body, surround, bind on, bind, encircle.

Of things, surround, encircle, enclose, invest: oppida muris; urbem obsidione (beset); flammā (encompass).

cingulum, -i, [lost noun-stem † cingo-(cing + us) + lum], n., a girdle, belt, sword-belt. cinis, -eris, [cf. Gr. κóvis], m., ashes, embers. Esp. of the dead, ashes, tomb. Fig., death, the spirit or shade (of the departed). Cinna, -ae, [cf. cicinnus, Cincinnatus], m., C. Helvius Cinna, a Roman poet, friend of Catullus. cinnamum (-amōmum), -I, [Gr. κίνναμον, κιννάμωμον], n., cinna

mon.

Cinyphius, -a, -um, [†Cinyph + ius], adj., of the Cinyps (a river of Libya), Cinyphian. - Less exactly, Libyan, African. Cinyrās, -ae, [Gr. Kivúpas], m., a hero of the Ligurians. Others read Cinyre as from Cinyrus. Cinyre, see Cinyras. circa [abl. fem. or instr. (cf. eā, qua), same stem as circum, cf. circulus], adv. and prep., around, about. With acc.: lucos. - Of number, about, not far from. Circaeus, -a, -um, [as if from Gr. Kiрkaios, which was perhaps used], adj., of Circe.

Circē, -ēs (-ae), [Gr. Kípên], f., a daughter of the sun, said to have fled from Colchis to Circeii in Italy. She was famous for her sorceries, by which she changed her guests into beasts.

Circēi (-ii), -iōrum, [Gr. Kipketov], m., a town (and promontory) in Latium, famous for its oysters, the supposed abode of Circe. Circensis, -e, [†circò (reduced) + ensis], adj., of the Circus. - Masc. plur. (sc. ludi), the great games of the Circus: magnis Circensibus. circlus, see circulus. circueo, -ire; see circumeo. circuitus, -ūs, [circum-itus], m., a going around, a circuit, revolu

tion.

circumdatus, -a, -um, p.p. of circumdo.

circumdo, -dedi, -datum, -dare, [circum-do, put], I. v. a., put around, place around: loricam umeris (buckle on); licia tibi (twine around). From another point of view, surround with, gird, encircle, enclose; muros igni; lapis circumdatur auro (is overlaid); armis circumdatus (ar. rayed, begirt); turbine corpus (envelop).

circumeo (circu-), -īvi (-ii), -itum, -ire, [circum-eo], irr. v. n. and a., go around. - Act., encircle, go round, run about: circuit Camillam (circles around). circumfero, -tuli, -lātum, -ferre, [circum-fero], 3. v. a. irr., bear around, carry round: secum silvam; acies (turn the eyes). From another point of view (cf. circumdo), encircle: socios pura unda (lustrate). circumflecto, -xi, -xum, -ctere, [circum-flecto], 3. v. a., bend or turn about, wind around: longos circumflectere cursus. circumfluo, -xi, no sup., -ere, [circum-fluo], 3. v. n. and a., flow round, flow about, surround (by flowing). circumfundo, -fūdi, -fūsum, -fundere, (also separate), [circum-fundo], 3. v. a., pour around: nubes circumfusa" (enveloping). - Fig. in passive, rarely active, gather, crowd around, flock together: circumfuso milite (thronging); iuventus circum fusa.

circumdo), surround (bý pouring) gradientes circum dea fudit amictu (envelope). circumfusus, -a, -um, p.p. of circumfundo.

circumligõ, -āvī, -ātum, -āre, [circum-ligo], 1.v.a.,bind around, bind to (by binding around). circumsisto, -steti, no sup., -sis

tere, [circum-sisto], 3. v. a. and n., act., crowd around, surround. circumsono, no perf., no sup., -āre, [circum-sono], I. v. a. and n., act., cause to echo, make echo, fill with sound.

circumspicio, -exi, -ectum, -icere, [circum-specio], 3. v. n. and

a.

Neut. absolutely, look about, look around. -Act., look around at: agmina; - look around, survey, espy, descry: saxum. circumsto, -stetī, no sup., -stāre, [circum-sto], 1.v. n. and a. Neut., stand around, be about, crowd around.-Fig.: odia.-Act., surround. Fig., surround, encompass, beset: horror. circumtextus, -a, -um, p.p. of

circumtexo, woven round. circumvecto, no perf., no sup., -āre, [circum-vecto], 1. v. a., carry around. Pass. as deponent (cf. vehor), ride around. - Fig., go over (in discourse): singula. circumvenio, -vēni, -ventum, venire, [circum-venio], 4. v. a., encompass, encircle, surround: Cocytus. (Others read circumfluit).

circumvolito, -āvi, -ātum, -āre, [circum-volito], I. v. n., fly about, flit around: lacus hirundo. circumvolo, -āvī, -ātum, -āre, [circum-volo], 1. v. a., fly around: praedam. Fig., hover around,

hover over nox.