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Montana fraga = common wooded hills. -105. Corna Homer mentions it as the food

tus unedo), which grows wild in Italy. strawberries, which are abundant on the fruit of the wild cornel-tree. of swine. Cf. Virg. A. III. 649. Mora=blackberries, the fruit of the rubeta. Rubetis. Gr. 435. 1. A. & S. 235 (2).-106. Arbore= the oak, sacred to Jupiter, as the laurel to Apollo, the poplar to Hercules, the olive to Minerva, etc. Gr. 425. A. & S. 242. — 107. Auris. Gr. 414. 4. A. & S. 247. 3. —108. Sine semine = without cultivation. 109. Fruges. Gr. 133. 2. A. & S. 94. So mella, v. 112.110. Nec renovatus ager = et ager non renovatus; i. e. without having been renewed by lying fallow. —112. Cf. Virg. E. IV. 30. Viridi = evergreen. 113. Saturno Gr. 431. A. & S. 257. Saturn, the father of Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto, was driven from his kingdom by his sons, and banished to Tartarus. The golden age was during his reign. Hence Virgil (G. II. 538) calls him aureus Saturnus. 114. Subiit. The last syllable is lengthened by the arsis. Gr. 660. A. & S. 308 (2). — 115. Auro. Gr. 417. A. & S. 256, R. 1. Deterior worse, with reference to good; pejor, with

reference to bad. Gr. 166. A. & S. 126. 1. Auro and aere for aurea

and aenea (sc. prole, or aetate). - 116. Contraxit. Gr. 248. I. A. & S. 171. I.—117. A spondaic line. Gr. 672. 3. A. & S. 310. I. 1. Inaequales = changeable. Cf. incertis; Virg. G. I. 115.-118. Spatiis. Gr. 428. A. & S. 211, R. 6. Exegit = completed. Some critics make it = measured, or divided. -119. Fervoribus. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. 1. So ventis, v. 120. –120. Adstricta, or astricta = congealed. Adstringere is used with reference to the cold of Winter, as solvere (Cf. Hor. C. I. 4. 1) to the warmth of Spring. Pependit, from pendere. -121. Domos. Gr. 117. 1; 371. 4. I). A. & S. 89; 233 (3) and N. - 123. Cerealia. Ceres, the daughter of Saturn and Vesta, first taught men the arts of agriculture and bread-making. See Met. V. 343 foll. and Virg. G. I. 147. Semina Cerealia = corn. Cf. Virg. A. I. 177. Sulcis. Gr. 422. I. 2). A. & S. 254, R. 3.-125. The Brazen Age is described very briefly. The poet may have intended to amplify and complete the passage, in the final revision of the work, which he never made. See Life.126. Ingeniis. Gr. 429. A. & S. 250. 1. Horrida=saeva. Some explain it as = horrentia, bristling. -127. Ultima. Gr. 166. A. & S. 126. 1.-129. Verum. An adjective used as an abstract noun. Gr. 441.-131. Insidiae. Gr. 131. 1. 4). A. & S. 96. Amor habendi love of gain, or covetousness. Cf. Virg. A. III. 56: auri sacra fames. Gr. 563. A. & S. 275. III. R. 1.-132. Ventis. Gr. 384. II. A. & S. 223. — 133. Steterant had stood; i. e. as trees.-134. Fluctibus. Gr. 386. A. & S. 224. Insultavere bounded over ; i. e. contemptuously. Cf. Hor. C. I. 3. 24. Tibul

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lus (I. 3. 37) uses contemnere in the same way: Nondum caeruleas pinus contemserat undas. Carinae. Gr. 705. III. A. & S. 324. 3. -135. Lumina... aurae; sc. sunt (communia). —137. Segetes. Gr. 374. I. A. & S. 234 I. Debita due; i. e. which men have a right to expect as a return for their labor. -138. Itum est. Gr. 301. 3. A. & S. 184. 2. -139. Recondiderat; sc. illa = terra. Stygiis Stygian; i. e. infernal. The Styx, one of the rivers of

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the lower world, is often put for the lower world itself. -140. Irritamenta. Gr. 363. A. & S. 204 and R. 3. — 141. Ferro. Gr. 417. A. &. S. 256, R. 1. -142. Prodierat. Gr. 295. 3; 338. A. & S. 182, R. 3; 196, I. 13. Utroque auro et ferro; i. e. nummis et armis. Gr. 414. 4 A. & S. 247. 3.-144. ViviSee on itum est, v. 138. Ex rapto by rapine. Gr. A. & S. 162. 22; 247, R. 3. - - 145. Quoque. Gr. 602, III. A. & S. 279. 3 (d).—146. Exitio. Gr. 386. A. & S. 224. Vir = maritus. 147. Aconita; a poisonous plant, found in Pontus and sometimes in Italy. It is called lurida from its effect on the color of its victims. Cf. Virg. G. II. 128.-148. He consults the astrologers to find out how soon his father will die. Patrios. Gr. 398. 2. A. & S. 211, R. 4 (a). On ante diem cf. Virg. A. IV. 697. 150. Ultima. See on v. 127. Gr. 443. 2. A. & S. 205, R. 15 (6). Coelestum. Gr. 158. 3. A. & S. 114, Ex. 3. Astraea; the goddess of justice, who was driven from the earth by the impiety of the iron age, and became the constellation Virgo in the zodiac. Cf. on Virg. E. IV. 6. — 151. Foret. Gr. 297. III. 2; 311. 5; 489. A. & S. 154, R. 3; 198. 8; 262, R. 5. Terris. See on auro, v. 115. -152. Affectasse. Gr. 234; 551. I. A. & S. 162. 7. (a); 272. Ferunt. Gr. 367. 2. 2). A. & S. 209, R. 2. (2). Gigantas. Gr. 98. A. &. S. 85. Ex. 2. The Giants were the sons of Earth, who, at the instigation of their mother, attacked the Gods in their own abode, to avenge the overthrow of the Titans.-153. Congestos. Gr. 579. A. & S. 274. 3. (6).—155. Fulmine. Gr. 431. A. & S. 257. Ossae. Gr. 385. 4. A. & S. 224, R. 2. Olympus, Ossa, and Pelion are mountains of Thessaly. Cf. on Virg. G. I. 281, 282.-156. Sua mole; i. e. the mountains which they themselves had heaped up. Jacerent. Gr. 518. II. A. & S. 263, R. 2. —158. Animasse. See on affectasse, v. 152.-159. Ne-manerent lest no remnant of that race of hers should survive. Gr. 491. A. & S. 262, R. 5. — 160. Sed et illa propago But that race also. -161. Superum. Gr. 45. 5. 4); 441. 3. A. & S. 53; 205, R. 7.-162. Sciresnatos Scires eos (referring to propago) e sanguine natos esse. Gr. 486. 4; 551. I. A. & S. 260, R. 2; 272.

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THE TRANSFORMATION OF LYCAON. [vv. 163-243.1 This fable is introduced in illustration of the impious and blood

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thirsty character of the race sprung from the blood of the Giants. 163. Pater Saturnius=Jupiter, the son of Saturn. See on v. 113. Arce; sc. coeli.-164. Facto.. recenti since the deed was recent. Gr. 431. A. & S. 257, R. 7 (a). The order of translation is, Et referens (= calling to mind) foeda convivia Lycaoniae (Gr. 398. 2. A. & S. 211, R. 4) mensae nondum vulgata, facto recenti, concipit animo iras ingentes et dignas Jove, etc. Gr. 419. IV. A. & S. 244. 167. Tenuit retinuit. -169. Lactea; used as a noun in ap. position with nomen. For its gender, see Gr. 35. III. 2. A. & S. 34 3 & 4; for the construction, Gr. 363. A. & S. 204, R. 8 (c), where a similar expression is explained. Candore. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. 1.-170. Hac; sc. via. Superis. See second ref. on v. 161. On the case, Gr. 387. A. & S. 226. Tonantis = the Thunderer; i. e. Jupiter.—171. Dextra laevaque; sc. manu. — 172. Celebrantur= are thronged; as the vestibules of the houses of the Roman patricians by the crowds of their clients. The dii nobiles here are the higher of the two classes of Roman gods, the dii majorum gentium and the dii minorum gentium. The latter are the plebs of v. 173.-173. Locis. Gr. 429. A. & S. 250. 1. So loco, v. 178. A fronte in the front.-174. Penates=domos; literally, household gods. - 175. Detur. Gr. 503. III. A. & S. 261. 2. — 176. Timeam. Gr. 486. 1. A. & S. 260, R. 4. Dixisse. Gr. 542. 2. A. & S. 268, R. 2. Palatia; the palace of Augustus on the Palatine hill.177. Recessu. Gr. 422. 1. 2). A. & S. 254, R. 3. —178. Ipse Jupiter. Sceptro. Gr. 419. II. A. & S. 245. II. 1.—180. Cum. Gr. 187. 2. A. & S. 241, R. 1. 182. Magis anxius; sc. quam nunc.-183. Tempestate. Gr. 426. A. & S. 253. The order of translation is, qua quisque anguipedum parabat injicere centum brachia captivo coelo. Captivo is used “by anticipation," and which they hoped to seize. For the case of coelo see Gr. 386. A. & S. 224-185. Erat. Gr. 516. I. A. & S. 263. 2 (4).—186. Corpore; a collective noun; as, in English, a body of men.-187. Mihi. Gr. 388. I. A. & S. 225. III. Nereus; a sea-god, here put for the sea itself. He was the son of Oceanus and Terra, and had fifty daughters called Nereides. Orbem. Gr. 371. 4. 2). A. & S. 233. — 188. Perdendum est. Gr. 229. A. & S. 162. 15. So recidendum est, v. 191. Flumina infera the Styx. See on v. 139 and cf. Virg. A. VI. 323, 324.—189. Luco. See on recessu, v. 177. — 190. Tentata. Gr. 551. I. A. & S. 272 and 270, R. 3.-191. Ense. Gr. 414. 4. A. & S. 247. 3. Trahatur should be infected. Gr. 491. A. & S. 262, R. 5.-192. Mihi. Gr. 387. A. & S. 226. Semidei literally, half-gods; "heroes," intermediate between gods and men. Nymphae; female deities of low rank and of several classes, the Nereids (see on v. 187), the Naiads, Dryads, Oreads, etc.-193.

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Faunique Satyrique = Fauns and Satyrs, rural dcities, having the ears, legs, and feet of goats, and the rest of the body human. Silvani. Silvanus (from silva) was the god of the woods. The name is here plural, instead of the usual singular form. The last syllable of Faunique is lengthened by the arsis. See on v. 114. The line is spondaic. See on v. 117.-194. Dignamur honore. Gr. 520; 419. V. 2. A. & S. 244, R. 1.—195. Sinamus. Gr. 486. III.; 551. II. I. A. & S. 260. II.; 273. 4—196. Fore. Gr. 297. III.; 551. I. A. & S. 154, R. 3; 272, and R. 6.—197. Mihi. Gr. 384. II. A. & S. 223.-198. Struxerit. Gr. 517. I. A. & S. 263. 5. Feritate. Gr. 429. A. & S. 250. 1. — 199. Ausum: him who had dared. Gr. 221. 2; 272. 3. A. & S. 142. 2; 162. 17. —200. Deposcunt; sc. ad supplicium. Gr. 254 5. A. & S. 163, E. 1. Saevit = saeviit=saevivit. Gr. 234. 1. A. & S. 162. 7 (d). So mollit, v. 229.-201. Sanguine Caesareo. Some commentators refer this to the assassination of Julius Caesar; others, to some conspiracy against Augustus. On Caesareo, see Gr. 398. 2. A. & S. 211, R. 4.—204. Tibi. Gr. 391. I. A. & S. 222, R. 1. So Jovi, v. 205. Tuorum. Gr. 441. I. A. & S. 205, R. 7. N. 1.—205. Qui. Gr. 453. A. & S. 206 (17).210. Admissum crime. Sit. Gr. 525. A. & S. 265. So sit, v. 214. -212. Quam. Gr. 551. II. A. & S. 271, R. 4. Olympo. Gr. 422. 2. A. & S. 255, R. 3 (6). — 214. Longa mora est ... enumerare it is tedious to tell. Noxae of crime. Gr. 396. III. 2. 3) (3). A. & S. 212, R. 3 and (b). — 216. Maenala, Cyllene, Lycaei; mountains in Arcadia. Transieram. Gr. 234. A. & S. 162. 7 (6). Latebris. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. 1.-217. Pineta. Gr. 317. 2. A. & S. 100. 7. — 218. Arcados; adjective with tyranni. Gr. 68. 2. A. & S. 68. 1. The use of the word here is an instance of prolepsis (anticipation), since Arcadia took its name from Arcas, the grandson of Lycaon. -219. Traherent. Gr. 518. I. A. & S. 263. 5, R. 2. On Ingredior, see Gr. 467. III. A. & S. 259. 1 (a). — 220. Venisse. Gr. 551. I. 3. 221. Irridet derides; here transitive. Gr. (2). 222. Deus hic an sit mortalis

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A. & S. 272. N. 1. 371. 3. A. & S. 232 whether he is a god

or a mortal. Gr. 526. II. 2. A. & S. 265, R. 2. Discrimine == -224. Nocte. Gr. 426. A. & S. 253, and N. 1.-225. Illi. Gr. 385. A. & S. 223, R. 2.-226. Eo. Gr. 419. IV. A. & S. 244. Molossa. The Molossi were a people of Epirus.-228. Atque ita quo facto, or postea. —229. Mollit. See on v. 200. -230. Quos. . mensis. Gr. 386. 1. A. & S. 224. N. 1. Simul =simul ac. Vindice flamma : = with avenging flame; i. e. lightning. Penates. The household gods were responsible for what was done in the house. -233. Exululat = howls forth. Ex is intensive here. Ab ipso; i. e. from his own ferocious nature. Hence

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mutaniidem.—240

also solitae, in next line. — 235. Vertitur = he turns (himself). The word is used reflexively, like the middle voice in Greek. Sanguine. Gr. 414. 2. A. & S. 247. 1 (2). — 236. Abeunt = tur.-238. Est. (sc. ei) = he has.—239. Idem Non.. una = not one alone. Perire. Gr. 552. 3. A. & S. 244, R. 2 (6) and 270, R. 1 (b). — 241. Erinnys. The Furies were Alecto, Megaera, and Tisiphone. They were employed by the gods to punish the impious, both on the earth and in the lower world. — 242. Jurasse. See on v. 152. Gr. 551. I. A. & S. 272, N. 1. Putes. Gr. 486. I. A. & S. 260. II. Dent. Gr. 487. A. & S. 260, R. 6. Ocius. Gr. 444. I. A. & S. 122, R. 3. 243. Sententia;

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THE DELUGE AND THE STORY OF DEUCALION AND PYRRHA. [vv. 244-415.]—244. Probant. Gr. 461. 1. A. & S. 209, R. 11. Frementi; sc. ei. Gr. 386. 1. A. & S. 224, N. 1. — 245. Partes-implent = fulfil their part by assent; an allusion to the Roman senate. - 246. Dolori. Gr. 390. I. A. & S. 227.-247. Sit futura. Gr. 481. III. 1. ; 525. A. & S. 260, R. 7 (2); 265. Mortalibus. Gr. 399. 5. 3). A. & S. 250. 2 (1).—249. Feris. Gr. 384. II. A. & S. 223. Paret. See on sit, v. 247. —250. Sibi... curae. See on dolori, v. 246. Fore depends on the verbum dicendi implied in vetat. Gr. 530. II. I. A. & S. 270, R. 2 (6).-251 Trepidare vetat. Gr. 551. II. 1. A. & S. 273, 2 (a). — 252. Populo. Gr. 391. A. & S. 222, R. 1. Origine mira = of miraculous origin.-253. Erat... sparsurus. Gr. 228. A. & S. 162. 14-254. Sacer sacred; because it is the home of the gods. -255. Conciperet. Gr. 492. 4. 1). A. & S. 262, R. 7. Axis; for heaven itself. — 256. Esse. The clause, affore, etc., is the subject of esse. Gr. 551. I. 3. A. & S. 239, R. 4; 272, N. 1. Esse in fatis that it is fated; i. e. the Fates had decreed. The three Fates, or Parcae, were the supreme arbiters of the destinies, not only of men; but of the gods themselves. Even Jupiter must submit to them. Their names were Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos. —258. Ardeat. Gr. 501. I. A. & S. 264. 6 and N. 1. Laboret = shall perish. –259. Cyclopum. The Cyclopes were the workmen of Vulcan, (see on II. 5,) and made the thunderbolts of Jupiter. Cf. Virgil, A. III. 569 foll. and Horace, C. I. 4. 7. —261. Perdere is in apposition with poena. Gr. 553. II. A. & S. 204, R. 9; 273, N. 9, where this use of the infin. should be added. -262. Aeoliis... antris = in the caves of Aeolus. The Aeolian (now Lipari) islands, near Sicily, were the abode of the winds, over whom Aeolus was king. Cf. Virg. A. I. 52 foll. Aquilonem the north wind; which, in Italy, generally brings dry weather. Cf. v. 328.263. Inductas; sc. coelo,-264. Notum=the south wind; which brings rain. — 265.

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