Whereupon William T. Harris was declared duly and legally elected as a member of the Executive Committee of this association for the period of one year.

S. Y. Gillan presented to the directors a communication from the Educational Press Association concerning the publication of the program and official notices from the officers of the association, which was freely discussed.

On motion of Director Butler, it was unanimously resolved that the Board of Directors take no action on the subject-matter of Mr. Gillan's communication.

Director L. D. Harvey, of Wisconsin, offered the following resolution:

Resolved, That the sum of $500 be appropriated by the Board of Directors from the funds of the National Educational Association to be used by the Library Department of the National Educational Association in investigating the relations of the public schools and public libraries, and in the preparation and dissemination of a report upon said relations; said fund to be available for use by said department during the year 1898-99. At the request of Director James H. Baker, of Colorado, Director Harvey yielded the floor.

Director Baker thereupon read the following communication:

The National Council of Education, at its executive session on July 7, appointed the undersigned to present to the Board of Directors of the National Educational Association the following resolution:

Resolved, That the president of the Council be instructed to associate with himself two other members, the three to constitute a committee that shall seek from the Board of Directors of the National Educational Association favorable action on the following propositions:

1. That the said board refer all propositions relating to educational investigations that call for the expenditure of the funds of the association to the Council for its consideration and advice, and that the board refuse to take final action in such cases until the Council has expressed its judgment. Furthermore, that all investigations for which such funds 'are appropriated shall be conducted under the direction of the Council. 2. That the said board appropriate $250 for the coming year to enable the Council to carry on its work. CHARLES DE GARMO, President of Council. B. A. HINSDale.

JAMES H. BAKER.

Director Baker moved the adoption of the resolution read, which motion was duly seconded and, after some discussion, adopted.

At this point Director Harvey renewed his motion appropriating $500 to the Library Department, which motion was duly seconded. After discussion, the matter was referred to the National Council of Education for consideration and recommendation, in accordance with the resolution previously adopted.

Director F. Louis Soldan, of St. Louis, presented a resolution concerning preparations for an educational exhibit at the Paris exposition in 1900, which, on motion of Director A. S. Downing, of New York, was laid upon the table until the next meeting of the board.

On motion, the Board of Directors adjourned to meet at the Cosmos Club at 2 P. M., July 11, 1898.

COSMOS CLUB.-MONDAY, JULY 11, 2 P. M.

The adjourned meeting of the Board of Directors was called to order by President E. Oram Lyte, of Pennsylvania.

On the call of the roll by the Secretary, the following directors responded:

Nicholas Murray Butler, New York; W. R. Garrett, Tennessee; Aaron Gove, Colorado; T. Marcellus Marshall, West Virginia; Charles R. Skinner, New York; J. Ormond Wilson, District of Columbia; A. S. Downing, New York; James M. Green, New Jersey; John D. Worthington, Maryland; J. N. Deahl, West Virginia; D. K. Goss, Indiana; L. D. Harvey, Wisconsin; George B. Aiton, Minnesota; John R. Kirk, Missouri; W. L. Stockwell, North Dakota; C. G. Pearse, Nebraska; Frank R. Dyer, Kansas; J. B. Hendricks, Montana; L. C. Greenlee, Colorado; Mrs. E. R. Jackson, New Mexico; F. S. Hafford, Arizona; J. H. Ackerman, Oregon; O. C. Whitney, Washington; J. M. Tanner, Utah; E. E. Brown, California; W. A, Caldwell, Indian Territory. Present, twenty-six.

The Secretary announced the receipt of a letter of resignation from Director F. B. Dyer, of Ohio, and, on motion, Mr. C. W. Bennett, of Ohio, was elected as a director, vice F. B. Dyer, resigned.

The Secretary also read a letter from Mr. Hand, stating that Mr. J. F. Brown, elected as a director for South Carolina, could not serve; and, on recommendation of Mr. Hand, Mr. J. Frank Fooshe, of Blackville, S. C., was elected a director, vice Brown, resigned.

Director Dougherty, of Illinois, called from the table the resolution of F. Louis Soldan, of Missouri, offered at the meeting of July 9, and the resolution was unanimously adopted, as follows:

Resolved, That the Board of Directors appoint a general committee, whose duty it shall be to promote in suitable ways the preparation of an exhibit of education, showing its condition and progress within the United States; said committee to be formed in such a way as to represent all educational interests and admit of easy division into subcommittees for special work; such committee to consist of ten state superintendents, ten city superintendents, ten presidents of colleges or universities and normal schools, ten representatives of private or denominational schools, five librarians of public libraries, and five representatives of public institutions for the education of special classes, including asylums for orphans, the deaf and dumb, the blind, and also state reform schools; said committee to be appointed by the Board of Directors of the National Educational Association, and to meet in November upon the call of the President of the National Educational Association.

On motion of Director Dougherty, the President appointed the following committee, to whom the resolution of Director Soldan and all matters pertaining thereto were referred, with power to act:

Director William T. Harris, chairman; the President of the association; Director N. C. Dougherty, of Illinois; Director C. G. Pearse, of Nebraska, and Director James M. Green, of New Jersey.

Director Sheldon made an informal report from the National Council to the effect that the application of the Library Department for the appointment of a committee and an appropriation of $500, in accordance with the resolution of Director Harvey, of Wisconsin, offered at the meeting of the directors held July 9, had been duly considered; that the Council had voted to authorize the president of the Council to appoint the desired committee and had further voted to recommend that the Board of Directors grant an appropriation of $500 for the expenses of this committee.

A motion was made and seconded that the appropriation recommended by the Council be granted.

Director E. E. White requested information as to the amounts already appropriated for similar work now in progress.

Director A. G. Lane, chairman of the Board of Trustees, reported the following authorized appropriations:

For the Secondary Department..

For the Normal Department.

For the National Council

Requested for the Library Department..

After brief discussion, the motion was unanimously carried.

$500

500

250

500

$1,750

Director L. D. Harvey, at the request of the Wisconsin delegation of active members, offered the following resolution, which was ordered to lie over for one year under the rule:

Resolved, That the Board of Directors recommend to the general association that the constitution be amended as follows:

Amend Art. III — Membership - by striking out sec. 3 and substituting therefor the following: "Any associated member eligible for active membership may become an active member upon the payment of the annual dues for the current year."

The board received invitations to hold the next anuual meeting of the association in Los Angeles, Cal.; Salt Lake City, Utah; Portland, Ore.; and Tacoma, Wash.

Representatives from each locality were allowed a limited time for presenting the advantages of their respective cities.

The result of an informal ballot on choice of place for the next meeting was as folfows:

On motion, the entire subject of place for holding the next convention was referred to the Executive Committee, with power to act.

Mr. D. W. Springer, of Ann Arbor, invited the association to meet at Detroit in 1900.

Director William E. Sheldon, of Massachusetts, of the Committee on Necrology, stated that Henry Sabin, of Iowa, chairman of the committee, had forwarded the report to him, with the request that it be presented to the Board of Directors, and finally to the association, and Mr. Sheldon moved that, when this report is presented to the association, it be given in abstract by the committee, and that the report be printed in full in the volume of proceedings of this convention. Seconded; carried.

On motion, the Board of Directors adjourned sine die.
IRWIN SHEPARD,

Secretary.

E. ORAM LYTE,

President.

GENERAL SESSIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION

ADDRESSES OF WELCOME

HON. JOHN W. ROSS, MEMBER OF BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS,
WASHINGTON, D. C.

Within a decade the people of the District of Columbia have welcomed and entertained such distinguished assemblages as the Grand Encampment of Knights Templar of the United States, the Grand Army of the Republic, the Knights of Pythias, the Christian Endeavor Association of the United States, and many other national organizations. But no event of recent years has excited a more general interest or aroused a more genuine enthusiasm among our people than does the meeting of this great convention.

For the first time in its long and honorable history, the National Educational Association comes to the federal capital. During many months past the people of Washington have been preparing for your reception. Our citizens, prominent and influential as educators and in the business world, have cheerfully given time and attention from their own pressing business engagements, in order to make your entertainment worthy of the national capital and in keeping with the dignity of the cause you represent.

There is no community in all the land where the public school is more highly regarded than in your capital city. You are, doubtless, aware of the fact that no public money can be used in the District of Columbia, for any municipal purpose, which has not been specifically appropriated therefor by an act of Congress. But the Congress, in response to an overwhelming public sentiment, has provided for the 44,000 children enrolled in our public schools a corps of 1,143 teachers, and has increased the number of school buildings owned by the district to 117.

For many years a special feature of our school system has been its instruction in manual training. This system has been so successfully taught under adverse circumstances that the Congress, at the session now closing, has authorized the erection and equipment of a building to be used solely for manual training purposes, to cost $125,000. Whatever of efficiency has marked the methods in vogue in this district may be justly attributed to the wise liberality of Congress in making appropriations for the schools; to an able, non-partisan school board; to faithful and efficient superintendence; and, last but not least, to the impartial enforce

ment of the merit system in the appointment, the retention, and the promotion of teachers.

We all recognize the truth that the art of teaching is susceptible of unlimited growth and advancement; that the teacher can and should be constantly taught new and better methods of instruction; and that, therefore, such a conference as that now about to begin, involving an interchange of experiences and observations by the able minds here assembled, must be of incalculable value to all who are privileged to be present and to take a part in your discussions. In many respects your convention will be one of the strongest incentives to intellectual growth and activity incident to these closing years of the nineteenth century. As educators you are endowed with the great privilege and charged with the vast responsibility of training the minds and molding the characters of the future citizens of a republic which seems destined to enact a new and untried rôle upon the stage of national achievement. You assemble at the only period in our history when the boys of our homes and of our hearts have carried the flag, under whose protection they were trained in our schools, into distant foreign lands. Within a few short weeks their valor and their heroism have changed the current of human events, and have given to the young republic of the West a new place among the nations of the world. They have won victories, not alone by reason of the justice of the cause for which they fought; not alone by reason of the fact that they come of a stock not accustomed to defeat; but, also, because they have been trained and disciplined as American freemen in American schools. And if, as now seems inevitable, it is a manifest destiny that our flag shall not be hauled down in the foreign lands where it has been planted, our people will require new lessons in statecraft and new instruction as to the duties which will devolve upon them in their changed relations with the world's great powers. Heretofore we have taken lessons only in the art of governing ourselves. Another kind of knowledge will now be required in dealing with the people who dwell in the islands of the sea.

And so, day by day and hour by hour, your responsibilities, educators of America, are broadening and deepening. In your care and keeping are the future presidents, legislators, judicial officers, and diplomatic representatives of the United States. It follows that, in the whole line of human avocations, there is not one more useful, more influential, or more honorable than that one to which you have devoted your lives.

The entire people of the District of Columbia extends to you a heartfelt greeting. May your sojourn in the capital city be to yourselves personally, and to the cause which you represent, fruitful of good results; and may you carry with you to your homes and to your various fields of labor renewed love for and devotion to the government of the United States.