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It is, he fays, to be obferved, that the human form of "every man after death is beautiful in proportion to the love he had for divine truths, and a life according to the fame; for by this ftandard things within receive their outward manifeftation and form, fo that the deeper grounded the affection for what is good, the more conformable it is to the divine order in heaven, and confequently the more beauty the face derives from its influx. Hence it is, that the angels of the third or inmoft heaven, whofe love is of the third or highest degree, are the most beautiful of all the angels; whereas they whofe love for divine things had been in a lower degree, or more external 'than that of the cœleftial or higheft angels, poffefs an inferior degree of beauty; and the translucent luftre in their faces, as proceeding from a leffer degree of divine virtue within them, is comparatively dim: for as all perfection rifes in degrees from the inward to the inmoft, fo the external beauty, to which it gives life and vigour, has its degrees in the fame proportion. I have seen the faces of fome angels belonging to the third heaven, of fuch exquifite luftre and beauty, as no painter on earth could defcribe, even to the thoufandth part; though a 'confummate artist might be able to give us fome near refemblance of the faces of the loweft angels, or fuch as belong to the first heaven.'

On the other hand, the fpirits of hell are deformed and hideous:

All fpirits in the hells, when feen in the light of heaven, appear in the several forms of their particular evils respectively, as fo many types or portraits thereof; for in every onethe interiour manifefts itself in the exteriour, and exhibits the fignatures of his particular diftinétion, fo as to be visibly known to be what he is, by his face, by his fpiritual body, his speech, and gestures. Thefe forms in general, are fuch as express contempt of others, and threatening of thofe that refuse them homage; forms of hatred and revenge of various kinds; forms of rage and cruelty, &c. But when fuch fpirits receive aduation, homage, or worship from others, their features foften into a fhew of felf-complacency and fecret fatisfaction. It is no easy matter to defcribe thefe forms under their various appearances, as no two are exa@ly alike; only it must be obferved, that among all that are in the fame fpecies of evil in any fociety, there is one common ground of fimilitude, or, as it may be called, of family likenefs, however it may be diversified in the individuals. In general, their faces are hideous and ghaftly, like thofe of carcaffes, fome black, fome refembling firebrands, and fome deformed and ugly with warts,

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carbuncles, and running fores; many appear as having no face, but in the room of it fomething of a visage of hair or bone; and fome only a kind of fnout with prominent (eeth; their bodies alfo are monstrous; and their speech founds as from anger, hatred, or revenge; for, as every one fpeaks from his own falfe, fo he founds his voice from his own evil; in a word, they are all so many images of their particular and proper hell.'

The habitations of the fpirits in hell are likewise horrible and doleful.

• I was allowed to look into the hells, and take a view of their infide; for the power of fuch infpection is, by divine permiffion, granted at times to the angels and fpirits above them, even when they are not open: fuch an infide view of them I had. Some of the hells appeared like caverns in rocks, first proceeding far horizontally, and then defcending either perpendicularly, or by windings, to a great depth. Some refembled the dens of wild beatts in the woods; others the fubterraneous works in mines, with different chambers and defcents to ftill lower floors. Most of them are of three degrees of defcent, the uppermoft dark, as correfponding to the falles of evil; the lowest of a fiery appearance, as correfponding to the evils themselves. In the loweft hells are those who acted immediately from the root or principle of evil; but in fuch as are lefs deep, those who acted from evil errors, or the falses of evil. In fome hells appear, as it were, ruins of houfes and towns after some dreadful conflagration, in which the infernal fpirits skulk; and in the milder hells are feen a kind of rude cottages, and in fome places contiguous in the form of a city or large town, with streets and lanes, inhabited by infernal fpirits that live together in ftrife, hatred, quarrellings, and fightings even to blood, whilst in the streets and public ways are committed thefts and robberies; and in fome of the hells are places like public ftews fhocking to behold, as full of uncleanness and filth of all kinds. There are alfo gloomy, woods, in which the infernal fpirits wander about like wil beafts, and alfo fubterraneous caves, into which fuch as are purfued by others fly for refuge. Moreover, there are barren and fandy defarts, ragged rocks with caverns, and fcattered cottages; and to thefe defert places are configned fuch in particu lar as had paffed through fevere fufferings in the other hells, and had been foremost among thofe who deceive others by crafty devices and wicked ftratagems. This is the laft ftate of their appointment.'.

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On the contrary, the habitations of the angels are exquifitely delightful.

VOL. XLVII. Jan. 1779.

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• As often as I converfed with the angels face to face, it was in their habitations, which are like to our houses on earth, but far more beautiful and magnificent, having rooms, chambers, and apartments in great variety, as alfo fpacious courts belonging to them,together with gardens, parterres of flowers, fields, &c. Where the angels are formed into focieties, they dwell in contiguous habitations, difpofed after the manner of our cities in streets, walks, and fquares I have had the privilege to walk through them, to examine all round about me, and to enter their houfes; and this, when I was fully awake," having my inward eyes opened.'

If this Treatife had been written as a theological romance,' and prefented to the public under that character, it would have appeared to more advantage: the reader would have made a proper allowance for the flights and extravagance of the author's imagination; and might have been pleafed with fome of his defcriptions. But when it is impofed upon him under the idea of a ferious relation of the wonders, which the author had feen in heaven and hell, it fhocks his faith; and though he may have the highest opinion of the fincerity of this honourable fenator, he will naturally conclude, that the conferences, which he held with angels, were only dreams, or reveries; and that his boafted illuminations from heaven, descended upon him through a crack in the brain.

Minutes of Agriculture, made on a Farm of 300 Acres, of various Soils, near Croydon, Surry. To which is added a Digeft avherein the Minutes are fyftemized and amplified; and elucidated by Drawings of new Implements, a Farm Yard, &c. The whole being published as a Sketch of the actual Business of a Farm; as Hints to the inexperienced Agriculturift; as a Check to the prefent falfe Spirit of Farming; and as an Overture to Scientific Agriculture. By Mr. Marshall. 4to. 125. boards. Dodfley.

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T hath been a complaint, not more general than just, that of the numerous books on agriculture few have been the refalt of real experience and obfervation. On popular fubjects there are never wanting thofe who are ready to obtrude their information upon the public, from whatever fource that' information may be drawn. Perhaps the art of book-making hath never been carried to greater extent than in the department of hufbandry. It hath difplayed itfelf in new modelling the antiquated works of a Worlidge or Mortimer, in tranflations from Mefits. De Chatevieux and Duhamel, who wrote for the information of people a century behind us

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in the knowlege of agriculture; perhaps its next appearance is in the methodical form of a farmer's dictionary, or in a vo luminous display of decifive experiments on half a rood of land. It is no wonder that books which profefs to teach an art their writers neither practifed or understood, should defervedly fall into contempt. It was matter of fingular fatisfaction to find the author of the work before us pursuing a different road, confining himself entirely to the occurrences on his own farm. Speaking of himself and his motives. for publication, he tells us, He was born a farmer, bred to traffic, and returned to the plough a few months before the commencement of the following Minutes. He had long been convinced of the im becility of books, and prefently difcovered the unfitness of bailiffs. He refolved therefore to be a farmer from his own experience: he endeavoured to fathom the theory and practice of every department. As useful truths occurred, he planted them, and raised the reflections which naturally came up. These facts and reflections being frequently the subjects of reference and perufal, he began to register his ideas in a manner more intelligible, not only to himself, but to his friends, to whom the register was ever open. The more numerous thefe Minutes grew, the more pleasure he took in increafing the number; the retrofpe&t became more and more interefting, and he began to fancy them really important; his friends, too, praised or feemed to praife.' Having refolved to publish them, he adds, The difficulty lay in the selection.---The author was anxious to give a real likeness of farming; but forefaw the tediousness which must attend on too minute a detail: he therefore determined to draw a middle line ---to infert every minute, great or fmall, which was made during the first eighteen months, to give fuch only as feemed to convey fome ufeful hint, or lead to fomething useful.'

That our readers may form a judgment what they are to expect from this performance, we fhall give extracts from the Minutes of each period. The first series opens with the following.

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Servants. July 18, 1774. Yefterday difcharged George Black-Why? Because I futpected him of fmuggling ;-because he was unequal to the management of the farm, and is too much a bailiff to be reduced to a buftler. He is hated by the men, and despised by the neighbours. He has good hands, but a bad head-a crazy couch, dangerous to lull upon-a good implement of husbandry (fpoilt by being made into a bailiff) but a bad husbandman.

⚫ I am refolved to be, henceforth my own bailiff, and learn tomorrow's management from to-day's experience, and next year's procefs from this year's mifcarriages.

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Haying. 26. Began carrying the hay of River Mead- -got four loads into ftack-caught in the rain with two more on the waggons-left four or five in the field, fit to be carried-the tack and waggons abroad. In future I will accord to the adage, Carry hay while you may"-Some of it was fit yesterday but I was unwilling to break the day's work of a plow

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" 27. The hay is not much worfe for the fleeping rain of laft night-and the fail cloth faved the flat ftack furprisingly.

28. Carried all River Mead-got on brifkly-Remember buftling neceffary to haying.

Composting. 31. Finished compofting the border of LeyLands at 8d. a rod (of five yards and a half.) The men earned 35. a day each; but they worked very hard.-There was a load of dung laid on about every four yards and a half; fo that digging up the flooring (this was a border which produced nothing but weeds and rubbish,) and making the mould into compoft with the dung, (for the young clover of the fame field) cost about 15d. a load of dung.

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July, 1777. This is very expenfive management, and its eligibility is itill a moot point with the writer.

Weeds, Cutting thistles and fern on Norwood Common, (bordering on the inclofures) to prevent their feeds from being blown into the fields, and raife manure.-Drew them into the yard, green, and left them in heaps to ferment.

July, 1777. This management wants no recommendation.It is obviously eligible.

Working Cattle. 9. The men and boys are unanimous in their diflike of the oxen.-The buying them was unluckily premature. Their keep has thus far been treble the value of their fabour, and they must now lie a dead weight till after harvest. They have been the caufe of more impertinence, vexation, and bickering, than all the other appendages of the farm.' —

All criticism on thefe petty memorandums is precluded by what the writer obferves in his preface, The reader, fays he, who claims the fmalleft degree of candour, will perufe them as he would the private manufcripts in the closet of his friend; for he may be well affured, that nothing but a defire in the writer to give a real sketch of private agriculture, could have induced him to publifh that which may appear, in the eyes of fome, too minute for publication. He expects, however, that the reader will not determine feparately on each Minute; but fufpend his judgement until he has feen the feveral scattered rays converged in the digeft; where, faint as they may feparately feem, he hopes they may be found to throw more or less light on the object, or objects, to which they are conducted.”

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