Contract Ethics: Evolutionary Biology and the Moral SentimentsRowman & Littlefield, 1995 - 151 sider Recent theorists have suggested that human altruism toward non-family members evolved because of the tremendous benefits of reciprocity. Developing further the notion that evolutionary theory can help to explain moral sentiments, Howard Kahane proposes that a sense of fair play is essential to ethics and argues that moral obligation, too narrowly construed, prevents us from living rationally. He brings his account of fair play to bear on the ethics of various domains of social life including friendship, taxes, civil rights, and nation states. |
Indhold
The Move from Is to Ought | 7 |
Evolutionary Underpinnings | 11 |
Delineating the Field | 17 |
Fair Contract Fundamentals | 21 |
Retribution Restitution Revenge | 25 |
Friendships and Degrees of Friendliness | 31 |
The Impartiality of Competitive Rules | 35 |
Fair Group Decision Procedures | 39 |
Fairness and Justice | 81 |
The Good Person | 83 |
TitforTat and the Prisoners Dilemma | 85 |
The Appeal of Some Noncontractarian Moral Theories | 93 |
John Rawlss Social Contract Theory | 101 |
Robert Nozicks Libertarian Natural Rights Theory | 109 |
David Gauthiers Contract Theory | 115 |
More Recent Libertarian Theories | 123 |
Nations Societies and Governments | 41 |
Desirable Unfair Outcomes | 45 |
Civil Rights | 49 |
Rational Behavior in a LessThanPerfect World | 53 |
Capitalism versus Socialism | 59 |
Fair Taxes | 63 |
Fair Play in the Marketplace | 67 |
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Almindelige termer og sætninger
advantage agreements altruistic appeal argued bargains benefits championed chapter citizens claim close kin competitively fair concerning fair play cooperative behavior cooperatively fair course David Gauthier deal decision procedure defection desire discussed economic egalitarian equal evolution evolutionary Evolutionary Biology evolved example fact fair wages fair-minded electorate friendly game theory Gauthier governments greater human idea in-group individuals Jan Narveson John Rawls justice justified kind labor laws least less libertarian Machan marketplace matter maximize means meritarian minimax moral obligation moral principles moral sentiments moral theory motivated Narveson natural rights Nozick particular parties payoffs perhaps person philosophical players political practical prisoner's dilemmas problem profits punishment rational agents Rawls Rawls's reason reciprocal reciprocal altruism relevant requires retribution Robert Axelrod rules sense sentiments favoring society society-wide sorts talents taxes tend theorists Tibor Machan tion tive unfair Volunteer's dilemmas W. D. Hamilton wealth Wilt Chamberlain writer
Populære passager
Side ix - Morals; whether they be derived from Reason, or from Sentiment; whether we attain the knowledge of them by a chain of argument and induction, or by an immediate feeling and finer internal sense...
Henvisninger til denne bog
Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric: The Use of Reason in Everyday Life Howard Kahane,Nancy Cavender Ingen forhåndsvisning - 2006 |