As late as 1666 the Irish Roman Catholic clergy, in their synod in Dublin, refused to sign the "Loyal Remonstrance," which abjured this doctrine, and the Papal Nuncio at Brussels, De Vecchiis, condemned the Remonstrance because it denied the deposing power of the Pope. Irish writers and declaimers would do well to ponder on these things, and, before they rail against the intolerance of the Irish Parliament, to raise their eyes beyond the confines of their own country, and consider both the contemporaneous events in neighbouring nations and the irreconcilable disloyalty of their own clergy and laity. The members of the Irish Parliament would have been angels if they had acted differently from what they did, and conceded more to their Roman Catholic countrymen; and we are fools to listen to accusations of intolerance against men in their position, surrounded by dangers which menaced themselves, their posterity, and their religion, and who saw nothing around them but the merciless persecution of their Protestant brethren by the Roman Catholic Governments of Europe.

seminaries never existed, we had not heard of the seditious doctrines which I have mentioned, nor should we have been oppressed by the subsequent cruel laws enacted against our religion."-Sir JOHN THROCKMORTON. "Had these men [the English clergy who retired to the continent] remained at home, patient of present evils and submissive, as far as might be, to the laws; had they continued the practice of their religion in retirement and distributed without clamour instruction to those that claimed it, the rigour of the Legislature would soon have relaxed; no jealousy would have been excited, and no penal statutes, we may now pronounce, would have entailed misfortunes upon them and their successors."-Rev. JOSEPH BERINGTON.

APPENDIX

TWO COLUMNS OF NAMES FROM THE LIST OF PERSONS

ATTAINTED BY THE IRISH PARLIAMENT

II

TREATY OF LIMERICK

AS RATIFIED BY THEIR MAJESTIES' LETTERS PATENT UNDER

THE GREAT SEAL OF ENGLAND

GULIELMUS ET MARIA, Dei gratia, Angliæ, Scotia, Franciæ et
Hiberniæ, Rex et Regina, Fidei Defensores, etc.
Omnibus ad quos

præsentes literæ nostræ pervenerint, salutem; Inspeximus irrotulament. quarund. literarum patentium de confirmatione geren. dat. apud Westmonasterium vicesimo quarto die Februarii ultimi præteriti in Cancell. nostr. irrotulat. ac ibidem de Record. remanen. in hæc verba.

William and Mary, by the grace of God, etc. To all to whom these presents shall come, greeting: Whereas certain articles bearing date the third day of October last past, made and agreed upon between our Justices of our Kingdom of Ireland and our General of our forces there, on the one part; and several Officers there, commanding within the city of Limerick in our said kingdom, on the other part. Whereby our said Justices and General did undertake that we should ratify those articles within the space of eight months or sooner; and use their utmost endeavours that the same should be ratified and confirmed in Parliament. The tenor of which said articles is as follows:

Articles agreed upon the third day of October 1691 between the Right Honourable Sir Charles Porter, Knight, and Thomas Coningsby, Esq., Lords Justices of Ireland, and his Excellency the Baron de Ginkell, Lieut. General and Commander in chief of the English army on the one part, and the

Right Honourable Patrick, Earl of Lucan, Percy Viscount Galmoy, Col. Nic. Purcel, Col. Nicholas Cusack, Sir Toby Butler, Col. Dillon, and Col. John Browne, on the other part; in the behalf of the Irish inhabitants in the city and county of Limerick, the counties of Clare, Cork, Kerry, Sligo, and Mayo, in consideration of the surrender of the