applied to a single race of the species, remarkable for its speed; and we have corrupted the epithet thus acquired into a denomination for the general race. Of the two varieties, the dromedary is by far the most numerous; the camel being scarcely found, except in Turkey, and the countries of the Levant; while the other is found spread over all the deserts of Arabia, the southern parts of Africa, Persia, Tartary, and a great part of the eastern Indies. Thus, the one inhabits an immense tract of country; the other, in comparison, is confined to a province: the one inhabits the sultry countries of the torrid zone; the other delights in a warm, but not a burning climate. They seem formed for those countries where shrubs are plentiful and water scarce; where they can travel along the sandy desert without being impeded by rivers, and find food at expected distances: such a country is Arabia. The camel travels several days without drinking. In those vast deserts, where the earth is every where dry and sandy, where there are neither birds, beasts, nor vegetables, where nothing is to be seen but hills of sand and heaps of stone, it travels, posting forward, sometimes at the rate of twelve miles within the hour, without requiring either drink or pasture, and is often found to go six or seven days without any sustenance whatever. Its feet are formed for travelling on sand, and utterly unfit for moist or marshy places; the inhabitants therefore find a most useful assistant in this animal where no other could subsist, and by its means cross those deserts with safety which would be impassable by any other method of conveyance. "The hoof," says Mr. Kirby, "though not actually, is superficially divided. Considering the deserts of loose and deep sand that it often has to traverse, a completely divided hoof would have sunk in the sand while one entire below would present a broader surface, not so liable to inconvenience. Boys, when they want to walk upon the muddy shores of an estuary at low water, fasten broad boards_to_their feet, to prevent them sinking in the mud: I conceive that the whole sole of the camel's foot answers a similar purpose. Its superficial division probably gives a degree of pliancy to it, enabling it to move with more ease over the sands" (Bridgewater Treatise, ii. 203). The camel is easily instructed to take up and support his burden. The legs, a few days after they are produced, are bent under their belly: they are thus loaded, and taught to rise. The burden is every day increased insensibly, till the animal is capable of supporting a weight adequate to its force. The same care is taken in making them patient of hunger and thirst. While other animals receive their food at stated times, the camel is restrained for days together; and these intervals of famine are increased as the animal seems capable of sustaining them. Thus trained, they live five or six days without food or water; and their stomach is formed most admirably by nature to fit them for long abstinence. Besides the four stomachs, which all animals have that chew the cud (and the camel is of the number), it has a fifth stomach, which serves as a reservoir, to hold a greater quantity of water than the animal has an immediate occasion for. It is of a sufficient capacity to contain a large quantity of water, where the fluid remains without corrupting, or without being adulterated by the other aliments. When the camel finds itself pressed with thirst, it has here an easy resource for quenching it: it throws up a quantity of this water, by a simple contraction of the muscles, into the other stomachs; and this serves to macerate its dry and simple food. In this manner, as it drinks but seldom, it takes in a large quantity at a time; and travellers, when straitened for water, have been often known to kill their camels for that which they expected to find within them. It is also specially provided with a glandular cavity, placed behind the palate, which furnishes a fluid for the express purpose of moistening and lubricating the throat. The following paper, from a valuable correspondent, will be read with much interest, illustrating as it does the value and importance of the camel: THE CAMEL OF THE CALMUCKS. The camel, or "gamal" of the Hebrews, is, to this day, among the wandering tribes of the eastern plains, the ship of the desert." He is the crown of their domestic stock; his back and skin supplying them with raiment, householdgear, tent-cloth, and harness; his flesh with food; his strength and endurance, as in the days of the Ishmaelites, with the means of transporting burthens; and his sure-footedness and swiftness with facilities of no common order for their intercourse and journeyings. As in scriptural so in profane, as in ancient so in modern annals, this noble creature is a standing memorial of that "counsel and sound wisdom" which has so wonderfully adapted his works to the necessities of man and the designs of his providence. The camel, numbered among the riches of Abraham and Jacob, Pharaoh, Job, and David, Gideon and Ben-hadad, is equally dear to the present inhabitants of the plains and deserts of Arabia, Africa, India, and Asiatic-Russia. "In this last-mentioned region," observes a Russian traveller, "the camel is even more indispensable to the nomadic Calmuck than the horse himself: he is the endearing, patient, peaceable, laborious help-mate of the uncivilised wanderer through the steppes, whose boundless wastes are his home." His favourite food is barley or beans; but, where he cannot obtain these, this abstemious animal is content with thistles and grass; and the saline herbage of the steppes is found exceedingly favourable to his growth and propagation." The Calmucks, like the ancient heads of pastoral tribes (Gen. xii. 16, xxx. 43; Job i. 3, xlii. 12, &c.), count their wealth by the numbers of their camels and cattle. "The tribe of the Tyumeneffs, with whom I dwell," says the Russian, "are affluent, their stock of camels being upwards of 700, and their horses having increased, during the last twelve years, from 12,000 to 17,000. They have both the camel and the dromedary; the colour of their skin being a dark fawn, and occasionally white." They are fleet as on the day when the 400 young men of the Amalekites were the only individuals that escaped the avenging sword of David beyond the brook Besor (1 Sam. xxx. 17), and when Mordecai sent letters by post on mules, camels, and young dromedaries (Esther viii. 10, 14). They will travel, when urged, at the rate of eight and nine miles an hour, for twenty-four hours successively, without exhibiting any symptom of exhaustion; and are often pitted against the swiftest Calmuck horses, whom they soon leave behind them; the breath of the horse being so disproportionate to his fleetness. There were, to my disappointment, no races of this kind during the season of my visit. The camel is so quiet and tractable that I saw girls of twelve years old riding him with the greatest ease, and, when they wished to alight, making him drop upon his knees by the touch of an iron ring, driven through his skin close to the nostril. So also did Abraham's servant make his camels kneel down without the city of Nahor (Gen. xxiv. 10, 11). ser Some idea of the value of the "forty camels' burthen of every good thing at Damascus," sent by Ben-hadad as a present to Elisha (2 Kings viii. 9), may be conceived from the mention of the burthen with which the Calmucks of the present day load them. "On occasion," says our Russian, "I have known a camel to carry forty poods, or 1,600lbs. weight upon his back. His vices indeed are indispensable when the Calmucks are compelled, from want of forage for their flocks, to move from one spot to another. The striking of their tents begins with the prince's kibitka. He causes a spear to be held up in front of his tent, as a signal of departure. The whole camp is instantly on the move; every thing is done in order; and, in the space of little more than an hour, the collected tribe is seen standing in a long line, with all their stock and chattels, ready to start. The caravan is opened by a horseman, bearing the prince's spear; immediately behind him rides the prince himself, followed by his family and all that belongs to him of earthly possessions; then come the clergy, with the appurtenances of their order; and last of all the commonalty, with their herds and flocks, &c. The camel, on such a voyage as this, is, in every sense of the word, "the ship of the desert." All the baggage, household-gear, and property of the tribe are stowed upon his back; nay, their home itself, the kibitka or yurtu, a tenement of pieces of wicker, which, when unloaded and set up, forms a circular room varying from sixteen to twenty-five feet in circumference: it has an opening on one side, serving for a door, and a dome-shaped top of wicker, fastened to the lower part of the kibitka by poles and staves. When the march draws to an end, six maidens, richly attired in their national costume, ride forward on their barbs, leading four loaded camels: it is their province to pitch the first tents on the ground selected for the new encampment. I could not but admire the celerity and adroitness with which the maidens formed themselves into two parties, and set up the two tents as rallying points for the tribe. In less than thirty minutes the camels were stripped of their ponderous and multifarious burthens, the two kibitkas were erected, and every item of the chattels and utensils unladen and set in their proper places. This done, the maidens remounted, and, making a fresh start on a trip of discovery for fuel, availed themselves of the opportunity to give us a display of their skill and proficiency in horsemanship. The barbs darted forward like an arrow shot from a bow, while the maidens kept their seats, quietly, and apparently without an effort; and now and then would let their bonnets | fall on the ground, for the purpose of picking them up again when at full speed. Seeing, then, that such is and ever has been the value of the "gamal" to the people of the east, we can no longer be at a loss to account for the careful mention which scripture makes of Laban's solicitude for their comfort, who, after he had prepared "room for the camels," ungirded them, gave them straw, and set "provender" before them (Gen. xxiv. 32). They must have also constituted a valuable portion of David's substance, as we know they did of Job's-6,000 (Job xlii. 12), a special officer, in the person of Obil, the Ishmaelite, having been placed in charge of them (1 Chron. xxvii. 30). So precious, indeed, is this meek-tempered, useful creature to its possessors, that even at this day, as in the days of Gideon, ornaments are thrown about his neck (Judges viii. 21, 26). Biography. JAMES, EARL OF DERBY*. SUCH is the motto of the noble house of Stanley, and well was it fulfilled in the stedfast loyalty of this brave man and his heroic spouse. Their story, as far as it has been recorded, is but short, and we shall tell it simply; singling their acts and sufferings from the chaos of contemporary occurrences, and relating them by themselves, "unmixt with baser matter." James, seventh earl of Derby, was the eldest son of William, the sixth earl, by Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Vere, seventeenth earl of Oxford, and of Anne, daughter of the "great lord Burleigh." Neither Collins nor Lodge mentions the date of his birth, nor that he was instructed in all such polite and liberal the place of his education; but there can be no doubt learning as was supposed in that age to become his rank. Hardly a record remains of his youth and early manhood, except that he was one of the many knights of the bath, appointed at the coronation of Charles I., and that he was summoned to parliament on the 13th of February, 1628, by the title of Lord Strange. Calling the eldest sons of peers to the upper house, during their father's life time, was not unfre quent during the reigns of the first Stuarts. We hear nothing of his travels, though it is not probable that he omitted what was then, as now, esteemed essential to the accomplishing a complete gentleman, especially as his wife, to whom he was early united, was a French lady, related to the blood royal of France. This famous woman was Charlotte de la Tremouille, daughter of Claude, duke of Thouars. She may, however, have come over in the train of the beautiful and unfortunate Henrietta. Derby was no frequenter of the court. He lived among his tenants, dividing his time between his English estates and his little kingdom of Man, which he was anxious to improve and civilize. But peaceful years and charitable deeds make little show in the memorial page; and Derby owes his place in history, not to the virtues which sprang out of his own good will and choice, but to those which were elicited from From "HartleyColeridge's Worthies of Yorkshire and Lancashire." A volume in which there is much interesting matter. him, like fire from flints, by the blows of fortune. | dences were designed, he received intelligence that the Scarcely had his father's death put him in possession of his ample domains, when the approach of civil war obliged him to exchange the garb of mourning for a coat of mail, and the kind superintendence of a good landlord over his paternal dependents for the duties of a military commander. When king Charles retired to York, in the beginning of 1642, Derby was one of the first nobles who joined him. He was almost immediately despatched back into Lancashire, to array the military force in that county, of which he was lordlieutenant, for the king's service. It was the original intention of Charles to hoist his standard at Warrington, a situation which would have rendered lord Derby's powers in the highest degree available; but, through the weak or selfish suggestions of certain in the council, he was induced to set up the signal of war at Nottingham. This was a great disappointment to Derby, who actually mustered 60,000 men on the three heaths of Preston, Ormskirk, and Bury, and was proceeding to use the same efforts in Cheshire and North Wales, where also he was lord-lieutenant, when a special letter from his majesty required his presence at head-quarters, with such troops as he could equip directly. The Lancashire men, thinking themselves slighted, or, like all irregular forces, intclerant of delay, went sulkily home, or joined the opposite party, to which they were of considerable aid in seizing Manchester. But the earl, though mortified, was not changed: from his personal friends and his tenantry he raised three regiments of foot, and as many troops of horse, which he clothed and armed at his own cost. With these he waited on the king at Shrewsbury. He was straightway ordered back, with orders to attempt to surprise Manchester. He returned, hastened his preparations, fixed the very hour and mode of the assault; when, the very night before the enterprise was to have been executed, he received counter orders to repair to the king immediately. He obeyed, and was rewarded by having his trusty powers taken from him, and placed at the disposal of others, while he was once more remanded into Lancashire, to raise fresh men as he could. Treatment like this, and a course of management enough to ruin any cause, would have made many a man retire in disgust, if not actually change. But "Loyalty is still the same, Whether it lose or win the game; Although it be not shone upon." Derby's loyalty was of that exalted, pure, and simple character, which was ready to suffer all things, not only for the king, but from the king. Though the royal interest in Lancashire was sunk very low, he had influence to raise a force sufficient to storm Lancaster and Preston, in which undertakings he shared, and more than shared, the utmost personal dangers, and was preparing for an attack on Manchester, when this new levy was called away to the main army; and nothing was left for him to do but to fortify his mansion at Latham, and hold it out till better times. But, before he had put the last hand to his work of restoring his home to the martial condition for which in former centuries all baronial resi king's enemies and his were planning an invasion of his little sovereignty of Man. To save this island, which might serve for a retreat should the king come to the worst, he determined to sail thither in person, and to intrust his lady with the completion and command of the half-finished works at Latham. The place had great capabilities of defence: little was wanting to make it tenable against a considerable force. The earl placed a few soldiers within the walls, with what arms and ammunition he could collect or spare. And so, leaving perforce his wife and children to the perils of a siege, he hastily departed. He was just arrived in the isle, when the countess received certain intimation that she was to be attacked in her own house. No time was lost. The ancient fabric was fortified to the best of known art and present means. The little garrison was strengthened by such recruits from the middling and lower classes of neighbouring people as gratitude made trustworthy; and these were admitted singly or in small parties. Beloved as the countess and her hasband were, she had less difficulty in procuring stores and provisions than generally beset the defenders of royalty. Out of the troops left by the earl, the recruits from the neighbourhood, and the family servants, she formed six divisions, called regiments, at the head of which she placed so many country gentlemen, and gave the chief command to captain Farmer, a Scot, and an old low-country soldier, afterwards slain at Marston-moor. With such secresy were these arrangements made, that the enemy approached within two miles of Latham before they were aware that they would be resisted. On the 28th of February, 1644, Fairfax and his men arrived, and sent a trumpet to desire a conference with the countess, to which she agreed; and, in order to impress the foe with a notion of her power, "she placed her inefficient and unarmed men on the walls and tops of towers, and marshalled all her soldiers in good order, with their respective officers, from the main guard in the first court to the great hall," in which she calmly awaited the visit of the adverse leader. There is no need to say that the meeting was ceremonious; for where no kindness is there must be ceremony, or there will be no courtesy; and Fairfax, whether patriot or rebel, was still a gentleman. He offered the countess a safe and honourable removal, with her children, retinue, and effects, military stores excepted, to the Familyse at Knowsley park, where she might reside without molestation, with the moiety of the earl's estate for her support. She answered that she was under a double trust of faith to her husband and allegiance to her sovereign, and desired to have a month to consider. This being refused, she told the general that "she hoped, then, he would excuse her if she preserved her honour and obedience, though perhaps to her own ruin." It was now matter of hesitation with the assailants whether to proceed by storm or blockade. By a stratagem of one of the earl's chaplains, who persuaded the rebels that there were only fourteen days' provi sion in the house, the latter method was determined moment when Rupert was unsuccessfully endeavouring to recover Bolton-le-Moors, a town in the midst of Derby's patrimony. In the prince's host were some companies of Derby's own men, who had been so strangely taken from under his command at the commencement of the war. No sooner did these honest yeomen recognise their hereditary chief, than they joyfully ranged themselves at his orders. In half an hour Bolton was the king's, and Derby was the first man that entered it. This done, the whole force of Rupert marched towards Latham, with intent to engage the enemy; but before they were well in sight, Rigby broke up the siege without a blow, May 27, 1644. on. After a fortnight, Fairfax sent formally to demand | to the aid of his countess, and arrived at the critical a surrender. The countess replied that " she had not yet forgotten what she owed to the church, to her prince, and to her lord; and that till she lost her honour or her life, she would still defend that place." The besiegers then began regularly to form their trenches. On the 24th of March the heroine ordered a sally of 200 men, who slew sixty of the enemy with a loss of only two lives. Fourteen weeks passed before the besiegers could complete their lines, so constantly were they interrupted by the sallies of the besieged. But, when this was done, they approached nearer and nearer to the moat, and succeeded in erecting a strong battery, with a mortar of large calibre, from which a shell was thrown that fell into the room where the countess and her children were at dinner. Providentially, it exploded harmless, and the noble woman, whose courage raised, not quailed at danger, bid her faithful soldiers issue forth with a voice that might have shamed a coward to heroism. Sword in hand, they drove the rebels from their battery, spiked the guns or tumbled them into the moat, and bore off triumphantly the mortar into the house, on the very 29th of April appointed by the enemy for a general assault, in which it was resolved to give no quarter. Some days passed before the works could be repaired. The pioneers and engineers had no quiet in their labours; and, when it was done, the unconquerable band sallied forth again, dispersed the men, slew a hundred, and spiked the cannon, with a loss of only three men. We are at a loss to account for such disgraces of men, certainly not cowards, whatever else they might be, unless it were that such more than manly daring in a high-born and delicate female, appeared to minds unacquainted with the inner might of magnanimity, which is of no sex, but purest in the pure and fairest in the fair, like a supernatural visitation. The noble lady was still present in the most perilous adventures, that none might seek a safety which she scorned. She stood among the smoke and fire and bullets as if she bore a "charmed life." But the sole enchantment that she used was prayer and thanksgiving: her only spells were conjugal affection and dauntless loyalty. Three months had the siege continued. The besiegers had left 2,000 men under the walls of a single dwelling. Fairfax, who had not commanded in person, suspected mismanagement, and sent Colonel Rigby to supersede the officer who had hitherto conducted the operations. The colonel had a private pique against Derby, which manifested itself in the affronting terms wherein he couched his summons to surrender. Though the garrison was now in great straits for ammunition, their corn spent, and their horses nearly all killed for food, yet did Charlotte of Tremouille with her own voice reply to the insulter, "Trumpet, go tell that insolent rebel Rigby, that, if he presume to send another summons within this place, I will have the messenger hanged up at the gates." How much longer she could have maintained this lofty port or kept a starving garrison in order, was not put to the trial; for even then the royal banners were gleaming in the distance, and the clouds of dim dust, seen afar from the battlements of Latham, announced that deliverance was nigh. The earl, having put his insular territories in a state of defence, hastened back The earl and his countess now returned together to the Isle of Man, leaving to a subordinate officer the charge of Latham house. We shall not relate in detail how the siege was renewed after the battle of Marston Moor, nor how, after a long and gallant defence, it was surrendered at the express desire of the king, who would not have loyal blood wasted in hopeless obstinacy. For Derby and his consort the following years were years not of peace, but of comparative inaction. Cooped up in their diminutive kingdom, where they were honoured as patriarchal princes, they bade defiance to the fleets, the threats, and the persuasions of the parliament. Even when their children, whom they had sent into England on the faith of a pass from Fairfax, were detained in captivity by the ruling powers, though repeated offers were made to restore them, with the whole of the English estates, if the earl would give up his island, he constantly answered, that much as he valued his ancestral lands, and dearly as he loved his offspring," he would never redeem either by disloyalty." Nor did they change their resolution even when the king for whom they held their rocks and little fields was no more, and his son a wandering exile. Angry at solicitations which implied an insult to his honour, Derby returned the following reply to that fierce republican Ireton, who had urged the old proposal with renewed earnest ness: "I received your letter with indignation, and with scorn I return you this answer; that I cannot but wonder whence you should gather any hopes from me, that I should (like you) prove treacherous to my sovereign; since you cannot be insensible of my former actings in his late majesty's service: from which principle of loyalty I am in no way departed. "I scorn your proffers; I disdain your favours; I abhor your treasons, and am so far from delivering this island to your advantage, that I will keep it to the utmost of my power to your destruction. "Take this final answer, and forbear any further solicitations; for, if you trouble me with any more messages upon this occasion, I will burn the paper and hang the bearer. "This is the immutable resolution, and shall be the undoubted practice of him who accounts it the chiefest glory to be his majesty's most loyal and obedient subject. "DERBY. Castle Town, 12th July, 1649." their ancient home Moses's words (Deut. xxviii. 66) are verified: "Thy life shall hang in doubt before thee; and thou shalt fear day and night, and shalt have none assurance of thy life." How truly this has come to pass may be imagined when I state that two Jews shewed me fearful scars, effects of the rack and torture they had Vicar of Audley, and late Curate of Bolton-le-nndergone at Damascus. I have seen them weep 66 Moors. LECTURE I.-PART 2. ing over the foundations of the ancient temple, where they resort at stated times for lamentation; and it is melancholy to see the ancient lords of the soil, now a persecuted and despised race, on the very spot of their ancient dominion. There is a passage in the Psalms, which may have perplexed some: "Set not up your horn on high.' I hope to throw some light upon this passage by describing to you a custom prevailing among eastern women of wearing a silver horn on their foreheads. It is probable that some such practice may be alluded to. BETHLEHEM was the birth-place of king David; and here he kept his father's flocks, and slew the lion and the bear. Shepherds still keep watch over their flocks by night, and remind us of the time when the glad tidings of the birth of a Saviour were here announced by angels; but they are become a fierce and violent race, very unlike the sweet psalmist of Israel. The degraded people who inhabit Palestine seem still to retain all those vices and iniquities which the prophet Isaiah One more text from David (for of him we are denounced in his day; and we may say with the still treating) claims a passing notice. "Let poet, All, save the spirit of man, is divine." them be as the grass upon the house-tops, which When David became king, he built a palace on withereth afore it be plucked up" (Psalm cxxix. Mount Zion in Jerusalem, the holy city. It is 6). You are not to imagine sloping and tiled deeply impresssive to approach for the first time roofs, such as ours are, when we speak of the Jerusalem. Fallen though she be, she is still mag-house-tops of the east: they are flat, and form nificent in her ruins: lofty Moorish walls surround the city and crown the heights; and "the hills stand about Jerusalem," even as in the days of her glory. A few words may possibly explain the name of Jerusalem. When, on that spot, Abraham sacrificed a ram in the stead of his son (Gen. xxii.), he calls the place Jehovah-Jireh, or the Lord will provide: to the word Jireh, Salem was added (which means peace); and thus the name Jerusalem, being interpreted, is, "the Lord will provide peace. "How significant of Christ the Prince of Peace, there provided as a sacrifice! I cannot forbear recording a trifling incident which occurred to me on mount Zion. As I was sitting among the ruins of David's tomb, a lamb came up and licked my hand. In such a place, I felt it to be a remarkable confirmation of those passages of holy writ which testify to the affectionate care of the shepherds of the east towards their flocks; a care which makes that comparison of Christ so striking: "I am the good Shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine." It was an evidence that the animal was accustomed to kind treatment from man, reminding us of Isaiah's prediction (xl. 11): "He shall gather the lambs with his arm, and carry them in his bosom." Such a sight is so little witnessed in our ruder climes as to claim a passing notice, as does the fact of the shepherd always preceding his flock, actually leading them to green pastures; "and his sheep follow him, for they know his voice." This circumstance I first noticed whilst riding over a wild mountain path, between Nazareth and Cana of Galilee. There is perhaps no fulfilment of prophecy more astonishing than the present condition of the Jews. They unwittingly bear testimony to the truth of Christianity. Scattered for centuries in all lands, they have, as if by a miracle, continued a separate nation. Mixed as they are in the commercial dealings of the world, they have yet maintained their ancient faith, their ancient customs, even their peculiarity of features. They have been a bye-word among nations; and in this the chief resort of the natives during the hot nights of summer. St. Peter was praying on the house-top when summoned by Cornelius. I was myself on the house-top at Tarsus (the birth-place of St. Paul), when, at the setting of the sun, the tops of the surrounding houses were suddenly crowded with the inhabitants: they spread their rich carpets and crimson cushions; and, when from the minarets, or little towers of their temples, the priests called the hour of prayer, these Mahommedans performed their devotions kneeling: after which, feasting followed; for the sunset meal is the favourite repast in the east. You see, then, that the house-top is an important feature in oriental life; and even the grass is a faithful representation; for I well recollect a scanty crop of it, growing on the top of a building on which we pitched our tent, and it was withering for lack of moisture. In one of his psalms David mentions the hill of Bashan; and the prophets often allude to its magnificent oaks and its cattle," the fat bulls of Bashan." How well it deserves its reputation we had the opportunity of observing; and our rides through its forest scenery, and among the herds grazing on its pastures, shewed us once more how faithfully delineated the scripture comparisons invariably are, and what an impress of truth they bear. I feel convinced that, had we had no knowledge of what is said in scripture about this mountain, we should have described it almost in the words of the bible; for our little tent was pitched in a green valley, shaded by noble oaks; and, at sunset, what the prophet Amos calls "the kine of Bashan" came to drink at the spring, where we were encamped. I cannot here omit a recollection which struck us forcibly at the time. During the noon-day heat we sought in vain for shelter under the trees: the leaves were insufficient to keep off the piercing rays of an eastern sun. In this our distress we happily discovered an enormous_rock, under which there was a refreshing coolness; and we felt how admirably the prophet Isaiah |