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the crown, he was greatly alarmed, and fent an exprefs to his father-inlaw, king James, to acquaint him what number of forces he and Argyle had, and where they intended to land; and offered to come in perfon himself to head the army againft him. This intelligence put a speedy end to the rebellion, which might not have been fo foon quafhed, if the prince of Orange had not perceived that he catched at the crown, which he longed fo much for himself. King James is blamed for cutting the duke of Monmouth off fo haftily, and denying to hear what he had to fay to him before his death; but this was owing to the advice of the earl of Sunderland, and others of the king's council, who deceived the king in this matter, as they well knew that he would make difcoveries, which would defeat the revolution, which they were then meditating to effect, by putting the king upon measures to alienate the affections of his people from him. When the prince of Orange was told by fome, who were ignorant of the grand fecret between them, that the earl of Sunderland had turned Roman catholic, he, without furprise, merrily replied, "Let him turn any thing, rather than turn out."

RECENT ANECDOTE

OF HIS PRESENT MAJESTY.

AT the late unhappy period of the king's illness, when every word was weighed, when every look was scanned, several of the attendants at Windfor were more than once thrown into astonishment at the remarks of their illuftrious fufferer.

One afternoon colonel Gwas defired to play a game at draughts with the fovereign, by way of pafling away the time. His majefty, as at other intervals, uncommonly lucid, kept his adverfary's

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WHIMSICAL EFFECTS

OF THE PASSION OF FEAR.

THE paffion of fear fometimes fhews itself upon the flighteft oc cafion, and in perfons the most unlikely to entertain fuch a guest. A French author relates a whimsical inftance of this kind. Charles Guftavus (the fucceffor of Chriftina of Sweden) was befieging Prague, when a boor of most extraordinary vifage defired admittance to his tent, and, being allowed entrance, offered, by way of amufing the king, to deyour a whole hog, weighing two hundred weight, in his prefence, The old general Konigfmarc, who ftood by the king's fide, and who, foldier as he was, had not got rid of the prejudices of his childhood, hinted to his royal master, that the peafant ought to be burnt as a forcerer. "Sir," faid the fellow, ire ritated at the remark, "if your majefty will but make that old gentleman take off his fword and his fpurs, I will eat him before your face, before I begin the pig!" General Koningfmarc (who had, at the head of a body of Swedes, performed wonders against the Auf trians, and who was looked upon as one of the bravest men of the age) could not ftand this proposal, ef pecially as it was accompanied by a moft hideous and preternatural expanfion of the frightful peafant's jaws. Without uttering a word, the veteran fuddenly turned round, ran out of the court, and thought himself not fafe until he had arrived at his quarters, where he remained

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It has been remarked, that Frederick knew men well, and was an excellent judge of their merit; many inftances, however, might be given in which he was deceived. Before general Laudohn entered into the fervice of the emperor, he of fered himself to Frederick, and asked to ferve in his troops. "That man's phyfiognomy does not pleafe me," faid the king on feeing him; and he declined his offers, of which he had much reason to repent.

Whilft Voltaire was at Potzdam, an Englishman arrived, who told the king, that he could retain word for word a tolerably long dif course, after hearing it once read. Frederick put him to the teft, and the Englishman fucceeded. At this moment Voltaire is announced, who came to read a little copy of verfes, which he had just finished, to the king. To amufe himself, Frederick hid the Englishman in an adjoining cabinet, recommending to him to get by heart what the poet was about to read. Voltaire enters, and recites his verses. The king liftens to them coldly, and observes, "Up

on my word, my dear Voltaire, I do not conceive what you are about: for fome time you have chofen to borrow the verfes of others, and pafs them off as your own." Voltaire vowed that the verses were his own, and that he had but that mo ment finished them. "That may just feen an Englishman who has be," faid the king; "but I have already fhewn them to me as his." Having made this remark, Frederick fent for the Englishman, to whom hear the verfes you fhewed me this he faid, "Be fo good as to let me morning." The Englishman repeated them without omitting a fin vil!" exclaimed Voltaire in a rage gle fyllable." He must be the de-. The king, after amufing himself for fome time with his fury, owned to hain the trick, and finifhed by making. the Englishman a prefent for the pleasure which he had afforded him.

Before Voltaire avowed himself the author of the Maid of Orleans, Frederick pretended that it was injurious to the first wit in France. to attribute to him fo infamous a rhapfody; but no fooner did Vol taire adopt it, than the king made Algarotti read it to him, and said, "This is not the poem I have feen; this is charming! No perfon buc Voltaire is capable of fuch a work.' It was, however, the very fame; but fuch is the influence of names!

In his youth, Frederick was not infenfible to the pleafures of love, but he liked to fly from beauty to beauty, and never attached himself to any particular female. He faid to fome perfon who was fpeaking to him of this fickleness, "It is the women's fault, not mine. I have fought for one to fix me, who has more virtue than prudence. All thofe I have known, have coquetted with me for fix months for a loveletter, and in three days capitulated for all the reft. I fhall not change

my

my conduct, till I find one who will grant me the love-letter in three days, and go no farther for life."

A foldier, fubject to get drunk, was accufed of blafphemy, of faying a great many injurious things of the king, and fpeaking ill of the magiftrates of the town where he was in garrifon. The magistrates, who wifhed to revenge themfelves, did not fail to pronounce a fevere fentence against him, condemning him as guilty of crimen læfæ majeftatis both divine and human. The fentence being fent to Frederick, he wrote If the fellow has blaf phemed God, it is for God to pardon him; what he has faid against me, I pardon; but for having fpoken ill

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the whole company burst into a loud laugh; but the king, interrupting their mirth, faid very gravely, "The title bestowed on ne by this good woman, is not fo ridiculous as you may imagine. I have been a jefuit, and have confequently a right to the appellation of reverend father; I have been a cardinal, and every body knows that cardinals are all fathers of the church; I have been a king, and of course father of my people; I am now an abbe, and does not St. Paul fay, Abba pater?" This, fays the relater of this anecdote, is the only good thing that Cafmir was ever heard to fay during his refidence in France.

ANECDOTE.

of the magistrates, I order him to be [From the Collection of J. P. Andrews, kept four-and-twenty hours under arreft.'

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SINGULAR LAW

IN FORCE IN THE ISLE OF MAN.

IF a fingle young woman profecutes a fingle man for a rape, the ecclefiaftical judges impannel a jury; and if this jury find him guilty, he is fo returned to the fpiritual courts, where, if he is found guilty, the dumfter, (that is the temporal judge) delivers to the woman a rope, a fword, and a ring, and the has it in her choice to have him hanged, or beheaded, or to marry him.

ANECDOTE

OF A POLISH KING.

JOHN Cafimir, late king of Poland, who died in France, dining one day in public at his abbey at: St. Thaurin d'Evreux, afked a woman who was ftanding near him, of what country fhe was. The woman, dazzled with the splendour of majesty, was fo confufed that fhe knew not what to anfwer. At length, however, after flammering fome time, the faid "My reverend father, I was born at Evreux." On which

F. A. S.]

INCONSISTENCY.

IN the memoirs of captain Carleton, (a book deferving credit, as the author was a veteran, of good family, and irreproachable character) remarkable teftimony is given to the bravery of James duke of York, particularly in the celebrated fight of May 28, 1672; in which he was obliged to change his.fhip feveral times, "Nevertheless," fays the author, "on his entrance. upon the London, which was the fhip I was in, and on our hoifting the ftandard, De Ruyter and his. fquadron feemed to double their fire upon her, as if they refolved to blow her out of the water. Notwithftanding all which, the duke of York remained all the time on quarter-deck, and as the bullets plentifully whizzed around him, would often rub his hands and cry,

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Spragg, Spragg, they follow us ftill." He adds, "I am very fenfible later times have not been over-favourable in their fentiments of that unfortunate prince's valour, yet I cannot omit the doing a piece of justice to his memory, in relating

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a matter of fact of which my own eyes were witnefies, and faying, that if intrepidity and undauntednefs may be reckoned any parts of 'courage, no man in the fleet better deferved the name of courageous, or behaved himfelf with more gallantry, than he did."

And yet this very duke of York, when become king of Great Britain and Ireland, could demean himself fo far as to defert his friends and his troops after the battle of the Boyne, at a period when his army might have been recruited with cafe, and when affairs were in fuch a fituation in Great Britain *, through the cabals of the profligate great, that a little fteadinefs and a moderate exertion of perfonal courage, must have insured him an easy restoration.

Mr. EDITOR,

As the Conductor of a Magazine, whofe

Ground-work is Truth, and Impartiality, I fend you the following Enquiry, by Dr. Mayhew, into the MYSTERIOUS Doctrine of the SAINTSHIP and MARTYRDOM of King Charles the First.

ON THE

SAINTSHIP AND CHARACTER

OF CHARLES I.

to fpeak of this unhappy prince as a great faint, and a martyr? This is what they conftantly do, especially on the thirtieth of January. King Charles is upon this folemnity often compared to our Lord Jefus Chrift, both in refpect of the holiness of his life, and the greatnefs and injuftice of his fufferings; and it is a wonder they do not add fomething concerning the merits of his death alfo. But bleffed faint, and royal martyr, are as humble titles as any that are thought worthy of him.

"Now this may, at first view, well appear to be a very ftrange phænomenon. For king Charles was really a man black with guilt, and laden with iniquity,' (Ifaiah i. 4.) as appears by his crimes before mentioned. He lived a tyrant; and it was the oppreffion and violence of his reign, that brought him to his untimely and violent end at laft. Now what of faintfhip or martyrdom is there in all this? What of faintfhip is there in encouraging people to profane the Lord's-day? What of faintflip in falfehood and z. perjury? What of faintfhip in repeated robberies and depredations? What of faintfhip in throwing real faints and glorious patriots into gaols? What of faintfhip in overturning an excellent civil conftitution, and proudly grafping at an illegal and monstrous power? What of faintfhip in the murder of thoufands of innocent people, and involving a nation in all the calamities of a civil war? And what of martyrdom is there in a man's bringing. fell was under an engagement to restore King James, at the very time when he de-, feated the French fleet. One would think that the charge of fo palpable an inconfiftency night have been eafily overturned;" but no pen has ftirred on the occafion. Nor has any one attempted to defend John, duke of Marlborough, from the charge of having betrayed the expedition against Breft, in May 1694!!!!

DR. Mayhew, in his "Difcourfe concerning Unlimited Submiffion and Non-refiftance to the Higher Powers," proceeds

"The laft query mentioned, was, why thofe of the epifcopal clergy, who are very high in the principles of ecclefiaftical authority, continue

This affertion fuppofes that the account of court-intrigues, brought forward by Mr. McPherson, and by Sir John Dalrymple, is grounded on facts. This is, it is true, a painful fuppofition, but the degrading ftory has never been controverted by any defcendants from the noble families, whofe ancestors it covers with indelible, difgrace. Among other paradoxical af firmations, in the books alluded to, the moft ftriking perhaps, is, that admiral RufVOL. II.

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an immature and violent death upon himself, by being wicked overmuch? (Ecclef. vii. 17.) Is there any fuch thing as grace without goodness? as being a follower of Chrift, without following him as being his difciple, without learning of him to be just and beneficent? or, as faintfhip without fanctity? If not, I fear it will be hard to prove this man a faint. And verily one would be apt to fufpect, that that church must be but poorly stocked with faints and martyrs, which is forced to adopt fuch enormous finhers into her kalendar, in order to fwell the number.

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"But to unravel this mystery of (nonfenfe as well as of) iniquity, which has already worked for a long time amongst us (2 Theff. ii. 7.); or, at least, to give the most probable folution of it; it is to be remembered, that king Charles, this burlefque upon faintfhip and martyrdom, though fo great an oppreffor, was a true friend to the church ;fo true a friend to her, that he was very well affected to the Roman catholics; and would probably have been willing to unite Lambeth and Rome. This appears by his marrying a true daughter of that true mother of harlots; which he did with a difpenfation from the pope, that fupreme bifhop; to whom, when he wrote, he gave the title of Most Holy Father. His queen was extremely bigoted to all the follies and fuperftitions, and to the hierarchy of Rome; and had a prodigious afcendency over him all his life. It was, in part, owing to this, that he probably abetted the maffacre of the proteftants in Ireland; that he affied in extirpating the French proteftants at Rochelle; that he all along encouraged papifts, and popifhly-affected clergymen, in preference to all other perfons, and that he upheld that moniter of wicked

nefs, archbishop Laud, and the bifhops of his ftamp, in all their church tyranny and diabolical cruelties. In return to his kindness and indulgence in which refpects, they caufed many of the pulpits throughout the nation to ring with the divine, abfolute, and indefeafible right of kings; with the praifes of Charles and his reign; and with the damnable fin of refifting the Lord's anointed, let him do what he would. So that not Christ, but Charles, was commonly preached to the people.-In plain English, there feems to have been an impious bargain ftruck up between the fceptre and the furplice, for enflaving both the bodies and fouls of men. The king appeared to be willing that the clergy fhould do what they would,-fet up a monftrous hierarchy, like that of Rome,, -a monstrous inquifition, like that of Spain and Portugal,-or any thing elfe, which their own pride, and the devil's malice, could prompt them to provided always, that the clergy would be tools to the crown; that they would make the people believe, that kings had God's authority for breaking God's law; that they had a commiffion from heaven to feize the eftates and lives of their fubjects at pleasure; and that it was a damnable fin to refift them, even when they did fuch things as deferved more than damnation.— This appears to be the true key for explaining the mysterious doctrine of king Charles's faintfhip and martyrdom. He was a faint, not becaufe he was in his life a good man, but a good churchman; not because he was a lover of holiness, but the hierarchy; not because he was a friend to Chrift, but the craft. And he was a martyr in his death, not because he bravely suffered death in the caufe of truth and righteousness, but because he died an enemy to li berty and the rights of confcience.”

ANEC

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