other fishes do; as Sir Francis Bacon hath observed in his "History of Life and Death."

And next you are to take notice, that he is not like the crocodile, which if he lives never so long, yet always thrives till his death; but it is not so with the trout, for after he is come to his full growth, he declines in his body, and keeps his bigness, or thrives only in his head, till his death.' And you are to know, that he will, about (especially before) the time of his spawning, get, almost miraculously, through weirs and flood-gates, against the streams; even through such high and swift places as is almost incredible. Next, that the trout usually spawns about October or November, but in some rivers a little sooner or later, which is the more observable, because most other fish spawn in the spring or summer, when the sun hath warmed both the earth and water, and made it fit for generation. And you are to note, that he continues many months out of season: for it may be observed of the trout, that he is like the buck, or the ox,

that will not be fat in many months, though he go in the very same pastures that horses do, which will be fat in one month. And so you may observe, that most other fishes recover strength, and grow sooner fat and in season than the trout doth.

And next you are to note, that till the sun gets to such a height as to warm the earth and the water, the trout is sick and lean, and lousy, and unwholesome; for you shall, in winter, find him to have a big head, and, then, to be lank, and thin and lean, at which time many of them have sticking on them sugs, or trout-lice; which is a kind of a worm, in shape like a clove, or pin with a big head, and sticks close to him and sucks his moisture; those, I think, the trout breeds himself, and never thrives till he free himself from them, which is when warm weather comes; and then, as he grows stronger, he gets from the dead still water into the sharp streams and the gravel, and there rubs off these worms or lice; and then, as he grows stronger, so he gets him into swifter and swifter streams, and there lies at the watch for any fly or minnow that comes near to him; and he especially

1 This opinion has arisen from mistaking a large trout, after spawning, when his head looks large, because his body is lean, for an old trout declining through age.-Rennie.

loves the May-fly, which is bred of the cod-worm, or cadis ; and these make the trout bold and lusty. And he is usually fatter and better meat at the end of that month (May) than at any time of the year.

Now you are to know, that it is observed, that usually the best trouts are either red or yellow; though some, as the Fordidge trout, be white, and yet good; but that is not usual. And it is a note observable, that the female trout, hath usually a less head, and a deeper body than the male trout, and is usually the better meat. And note, that a hogback and a little head-to either trout, salmon, or any other fish-is a sign that that fish is in season.

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But yet you are to note, that as you see some willows, or palm-trees, bud and blossom sooner than others do; so some trouts, be, in rivers, sooner in season: and as some hollies, or oaks, are longer before they cast their leaves; so are some trouts, in rivers, longer before they go out of season.

And you are to note, that there are several kinds of trouts: But these several kinds, are not considered but by very few men; for they go under the general name of trouts, just as pigeons do, in most places; though it is certain, there are tame and wild pigeons; and of the tame, there be helmits and runts, and carriers and croppers, and indeed too many to name. Nay, the Royal Society have found and published lately, that there be thirty and three kinds of spiders; and yet all, for aught I know, go under that one general name of spider. And it is so with many kinds of fish, and of trouts especially; which differ in their bigness and shape, and spots and colour. The great Kentish hens may be an instance, compared to other hens. And, doubtless, there is a kind of small trout, which will never thrive to be big; that breeds very many more than others do, that be of a larger size which you may rather believe, if you consider that the little wren and titmouse will have twenty young ones at a time, when usually, the noble hawk, or the musical thrassel or blackbird, exceed not four or five.

And now you shall see me try my skill to catch a trout. And at my next walking, either this evening or to-morrow

morning, I will give you direction how you yourself shall fish for him.

Ven. Trust me, master! I see now it is a harder matter to catch a trout than a chub: for I have put on patience, and followed you these two hours, and not seen a fish stir, neither at your minnow nor your worm.

Pisc. Well, scholar! you must endure worse luck sometime, or you will never make a good angler. But what say you now? there is a trout now, and a good one too, if I can

but hold him: and two or three turns more will tire him; now you see he lies still, and the sleight is to land him reach me that landing-net. So, sir, now he is mine own: what say you now, is not this worth all my labour and your patience?

Ven. On my word, master! this is a gallant trout; what shall we do with him?

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Pisc. Marry! e'en eat him to supper: we'll go to my hostess from whence we came; she told me, as I was going out of door, that my brother Peter, a good angler and a