The Making of Urban Europe, 1000-1950

activity administrative agricultural areas artisans became Bochum Bordeaux Bruges building capital capitalist centers Central Place System central place theory city's communities concentrated core countryside cultural decline demographic distribution dominated E. A. Wrigley early modern economic economies of agglomeration eighteenth century elites England Europe European cities European urban expansion factories fertility France French functions Genoa Germany grew groups growing housing important incomes increased industrial urbanization Italy labor Lancashire land larger later Leicester Lille lived London Lyon major manorial manufacturing market towns medieval merchants migration Milan mobility Network System nineteenth century nomic northern numbers Paris pattern percent period planning political population growth ports production protoindustrial ranks rates regions relatively residence role Ruhr rural Russia scale settlements shift social streets structure surplus territorial textile trade transportation urban growth urban hierarchy urban network urban population urban systems Venice villages wages workers