toms, and gradually, if they choose, mix in other settlements, as their convenience, their habits and interests may require. The history of Canada, as well as of the best settlements of the Mississippi, has sufficiently explained to us what our expectations may become, and have relieved us from any apprehension respecting the distant conse. quences of these settlements. The Canadians who passed early into the southern countries, were the most peaceable inhabitants, and some of them could hardly be persuaded to accept situations favourable to commerce, when they seemed to endanger their domestic tranquility, and in the middle station of the Illinois, the progress of their agriculture had distinguished them at an early period. The Frenck of the Illinois found the cultivation of wheat and other grain so productive, that in the war which dispossessed the French of their territory in North America, when supplies were difficult from France, the French at Illinois sent down to New Orlearns above eight hundred thousand weight in one winter. Nor was their cultivation less successful in other ways to which it was applied.

The emigrations from Switzerland and Germany, which have assumed any importance in the United States, have been directed by the zeal of some religious sect, or, by the enterprise of some member of a christian communion, which could give itself all the restraints of his own constitution and purposes, but in these we have had examples of such good habits as have blessed their own private condition, without assistance to the means of extending any undue influence upon their neighbours. While they have been uninterrupted in their privileges they have insensibly connected themselves with the general character of society, and by introducing some art, or some particular cultivation, they have made the memory of their evidence pleasant, when in many instances their associations have disappeared.

The colony of Irish which came over and settled in New England, about a century from our own times, retain from living together only the accents of their former country while they are distinguished by no prejudices unfavourable to our States, and have furnished in our revolution one of our most active and successful generals, General John Stark, still living in great old age, and a distinguished Presi dent of our Colleges, the late Dr. Joseph M Kean.

EXTRACT

FROM THE SPEECH OF THE

KING OF BAVARIA,

TO THE DIET, AT MUNICH.

"You will see in all my government (said this benificent monarch) a persevering tendency towards the common good; you will recognise in it this constant and irrevocable principle-to grant to agricul

ture, to the arts, to commerce, to conscience, and to opinions, every freedom of action and of developement compatible with the rights of individuals, and with the permanent object of all society." "You

will find the country labouring under burthens caused by these extraordinary efforts, which imperious circumstances rendered necessary; but you will be consoled by finding that these burdens are diminishing every year, and I hope that by our united efforts, we shall ere long, succeed in establishing the equilibrium of our finances.

SPEECH

OF

THE REV. P. O'CONRY,

Delivered at a Meeting of the Roman Catholics of Kilkenny, Ireland.

The Rev. P. O'CONRY, in support of the motion observed, that the merits of the resolutions before them, at least in his view of the mat ter, were sufficiently tangible and obvious, and as he supposed himself to be addressing a body of Irish Roman Catholics, with honest and independent minds, unswayed by base interests, and intrepid in the discharge of an honourable duty, it would be needless, were he competent, to call in to his aid at present, those brilliant resources of fancy and fiction, that are but too often employed, and with fatal success, to mislead the judgment of public meetings. It was in defence of the sacred cause of truth he came forward to offer his humble mite of contribution; and truth could never be defended by falsehood, should never be fought for, save in that armour, and with those weapons which truth itself offered.

The resolution under discussion called upon them, as he conceived, to uphold the great catholic cause of Irishmen, greatly injured, not long since, in the person of one of its most efficient supporters.-[Hear, hear.] Who had been by an unmanly and unmeaning outcry, chased away into retirement from the scene of his useful labours, for having exercised the right of free and fair opinion, a right which, of necessity, belonged to every member of a confederative body, so far as it was competent to entertain and consider the subject matter proposed. [Hear and applause.] It called upon them to put on record

you

their disapprobation of certain principles and notions which the Ro man Catholics of the county and city of Kilkenny might be supposed by many to hold, if they did not take the proper opportunity to dis claim them. [Hear.] In reality, the charges upon which his accusers came to so creditable a finding against Dr. Dromgole, were the preg nant proofs of his worth, and his title to the approbation of our sympathy. [Applause.] He has been blasted as a bigot--and why? for believing the truth of that cause for which you all bravely suffer; he has been exhibited as a traitor, for re-asserting, in his place, the spirit and meaning of those never to be forgotten resolutions, which were the first to pass in the years 1808, and 1810, a ainst any ministerial control on the appointment of your clergy; resolutions which, by awakening into activity the unconscious and unsuspecting spiri: of the county, secured to the Irish Catholic the purity and independence of his church, and to the Irish Protestant, a kind of guarantee for that last little spark of liberty, that has survived every effort at suffocation, and that now faintly glimmers out to extinction. [Hear.] For what chance could the Irish Frotestant have of preserving, even that defaced relic of freedom he still possesses against the multiplied means of corruption, with which a veto on the nomination of our clergy would furnish a British, that is, an anti-Irish minister, and his train bands. [Hear, hear, and much laughing.] Such is the substance and analisis of the Doctor's speech. It is a strong declaration of Catholic principles, and a rational disclaimer of the veto Are you prepared to deny the truth of the one, or the inexpediency of the other? Should Dr. Dromgole, in your mind, have been censured for being a catholic, and for not being a veto catholic? [No, no, from dll quarters of the house); and if not, is it too much to expect from your patriotism and generosity, that you will, by passing the proposed resolution, surround him with your sympathy and hospitable feelings? Is it too much to expect from your courage, that you will avow yourselves co-partners with him in the shocking guilt of believing the christian religion? (Loud applause and much laughing. You cannot, surely, forget the wording of your own memo. rable resolutions-“ Resolved, that as Irishmen and Roman Catholics," &c. If the doctor has erred, it is you that set him the dangerous example. If he is censurable, you are then guilty indeed. It is your public acts and considered opinions that have been censured by the censure inflicted on him. Vindicate the propriety and, fairness of your former proceedings, as to the question at issue, not in compliance to the doctor but in justice to yourselves. We are actuated by no silly attachment to this or that individual; we leave such patriotism to others. (Hear, hear, and a laugh) It is to their measures we look. We love the principle, not on account of the man, but we love the man on account of the principle. It is the cause you raise by lifting the champion.

The vote of approbation we now ask of you, is perfectly justifiable on the score of precedent. You have often appealed to, and not unsuccessfully, for a testimony of the public feeling in favor of those who used their well-meant endeavours to further the common cause. (Hear, hear.) The proprietors of the independent press, the framers of spirited resolutions, the writers of good works, have been seve

rally eulogized at your aggregate meetings, notwithstanding the dan ger or inconvenience their conduct may have been attended with to

others.

It cannot be fairly imputed to us, that we seek to disparage the Catholic Board by the vote in question. A most upright and talented member of the Cork Board, (Mr. M'Donnell,) not long since exerted himself ably, though without success, for the reversal of this obnoxjous and ill-advised vote of censure. It is with feelings of peculiar respect, and with the fond anxiety of well-wishers, we are eager that the Board should retain the People's confidence, by being a fair reflector of the public feeling. (Loud cheering.) Its sincerest enemies could not wish it better employment, than that of condemning such principles and such men, as it has been quarreling with of late. (Hear, hear. Our argument of kindness amounts to this-If the Board be not a tolerably correct representative of our wishes and wants, as to catholic emancipation, it cannot long continue the accredited depositary of our confidence. Which is it more friendly to administer, a seasonable, though, perhaps an unpalatable suggestion, by reason of which it may measure back, in honor, its notorious aberrations from the tract of public duty, than to urge it headlong to the precipice of general disesteem, by a fawning and treacherous encouragement?

The period of its existence, frowned at, as it now is, by an adverse government is, in all likelihood, an arithmetical problein, that may be solved by any law officer who has ingenuity enough to count as far as the end of next term-and, if it do not maneuvre in the interim, to diverge into popularity, to harmonize with the general pulse of the country, sympathy for its fate will not survive its fall-it will go down unregretted, contemptible equally in the eye of the people, and those who rule them. It is our fondest hope, that if it is to sink, it will sink like the Roman warrior under its death wounds, covered with a dignity that must excite the most interesting recollections of grandeur. (Loud and reiterated cheering) He was well aware that the doctor had been represented to the public as illiberal and intolerant, and bigoted, and that of course no small share of imputation, at least, was likely to be the portion of any one who should fall inte line with him, and hurl defiance in his quarrel. So far as the doctor, in reason and upon principle, can be convicted of illiberality, so far as his speech or conduct merited the above mentioned epithets, upon which the charges had been so long ringing against him, so far he should not have his support; but he strongly suspected that the docfor was not so much blameable for his illiberality as his opponents were for an unreasonable irritability. In charging him with bigotry, his accusers became bigots in their turns, exhibiting moderation neither in attack nor in defence. Who were his accusers! (Hear, hear.) A ludicrous description. Theologians from the charter-schools! the profound perusers of novels and nursery tales! A solemn class, such as were just able to lisp or spell the word bigot; all grave rarities for a Catholic Board, no doubt--the possessors of our universal confidence in matters of religion especially!!

"But the speech was inexpedient, to say no more of it. Has it not driven away from us to the opposite scale, the weighty support of the dissenters?" What evidence is there to sustain this position, that

the doctor and his speech have thinned the ranks of our friends, and incurred the hatred of our enemies! Vague and random assertions; resting their credibility on vague and indistinct rumours, on some half dozen loose paragraphs in the hireling prints of our metropolis, and the journals of some of our country politicians; the worst possible evidence, in his opinion, that the case can admit of. Are you, said the indignant orator, to surrender your judgment to the party Statements of mercenaries in rank and file against you? Whether we have gained or lost strength since the delivery of that speech, is a question unripe for answer, at least till the next discussion of our Claims in the imperial parliament. We have heard of no new protestant petition go up in consequence of its publication; but, though that were the fact, what then? Every doctrinal position in the speech, as Roman Catholics, we must believe to be true; and if our friends, as they are called, were friendly to us, on the principle, that we disbelieve the principles we believe, they have been all along fighting our Battles under a mistake--and, if they now sheath the sword of defence, on the discovery of their oversight, that friendship must have been feeble, indeed, that lived on a false supposition. Was it not manly at least, though some men of "delicate nerves" may Call it imprudent, to speak above board, and avow one's self? The goodness of our cause needed not concealment, and is, and will cona tinue tearless of exposure.

Who are they that libel it? Those who assert, that it shrinks from investigation. Is the ground-work and constitution of our church, the mother and original of all the reformed churches in Europe, and ef all the christian churches in the world, so offensive and ill-fashioned as to fear examination? Is there aught in the doctrine or discipline of the Roman Catholic religion (well understood) that ought to make its children blush? And who are they that offer insult to the hallowed tombs of our ancestors, by asserting (at least implicitly) that their moulden and mouldering inmates were fodlish enough to undergo persecution till their death, for a shameful and scandalous creed ?" Shame! The Roman Catholics of Ireland to be defended under a delusion! Were they to be let out of coufinement-were their bolts to be struck off; and their hand-cuffs untied, like a dock of felons discharged for want of that evidence which was purposely kept back? They, the Roman Catholics of Ireland, with a bright inheritance of ienown, with recorded proofs of unexampled firmness, during suctessive ages of proscription, with fresh and increasing titles to victory, from the very manner in which they were, from time to time, defeated; with the blessed memory of their forefathers kindling up the fire of patriotism in their hearts, and urging them to a glorious perseverance, to steal in disguise, like creeping things, and not enter in the full sunshine evidence of their religion and their cause, through the grand portal of the constitution.

If the doctor was guilty of imprudently expressing our faith, and unmasking its principles, his error was, it must be confessed, a pardonable one, originating in an over anxietý lest his own Irish church should be thrown a victim in chains to the ambition of an anti-catholic ministry, that might be induced thereby to give back, in return to the laity, a fraction of those rights so long due, and so unfairly withheld.