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Ac velut ille, prius quam tela inimica sequantur,
Continuo in montis sese avius abdidit altos
Occiso pastore lupus magnove juvenco,
Conscius audacis facti, caudamque remulcens
Subjecit pavitantem utero, silvasque petivit :
Haud secus ex oculis se turbidus abstulit Arruns,
Contentusque fuga mediis se immiscuit armis.
Illa manu moriens telum trahit; ossa sed inter
Ferreus ad costas alto stat vulnere mucro.
Labitur exsanguis; labuntur frigida leto
Lumina; purpureus quondam color ora reliquit.
Tum sic exspirans Accam, ex aequalibus unam,
Alloquitur; fida ante alias quae sola Camillae,
Quicum partiri curas; atque haec ita fatur:
'Hactenus, Acca soror, potui; nunc vulnus acerbum
Conficit, et tenebris nigrescunt omnia circum.
Effuge et haec Turno mandata novissima perfer:
Succedat pugnae Trojanosque arceat urbe.
Jamque vale.' Simul his dictis linquebat habenas,
Ad terram non sponte fluens. Tum frigida toto
Paulatim exsolvit se corpore, lentaque colla
Et captum leto posuit caput, arma relinquens,
Vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras.
Tum vero immensus surgens ferit aurea clamor
Sidera; dejecta crudescit pugna Camilla;
Incurrunt densi simul omnis copia Teucrum
Tyrrhenique duces Evandrique Arcades alae.

At Triviae custos jamdudum in montibus Opis
Alta sedet summis, spectatque interrita pugnas
Utque procul medio juvenum in clamore furentum
Prospexit tristi multatam morte Camillam,
Ingemuitque deditque has imo pectore voces :
'Heu nimium, virgo, nimium crudele luisti
Supplicium, Teucros conata lacessere bello!
Nec tibi desertae in dumis coluisse Dianam
Profuit, aut nostras humero gessisse sagittas.

810

815

820

825

830

835

840

Non tamen indecorem tua te regina reliquit

845

Extrema jam in morte; neque hoc sine nomine letum

Per gentis erit, aut famam patieris inultae.
Nam quicumque tuum violavit vulnere corpus,

822. Qui, for qua.

Morte luet merita.' Fuit ingens monte sub alto
Regis Dercenni terreno ex aggere bustum
Antiqui Laurentis, opacaque ilice tectum;
Hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu
Sistit, et Arruntem tumulo speculatur ab alto.
Ut videt laetantem animis ac vana tumentem:
'Cur,' inquit,' diversus abis? huc dirige gressum,
Huc, periture, veni, capias ut digna Camillae
Praemia. Tune etiam telis moriere Dianae?'
Dixit, et aurata volucrem Threïssa sagittam
Deprompsit pharetra, cornuque infensa tetendit
Et duxit longe, donec curvata coïrent
Inter se capita, et manibus jam tangeret aequis,
Laeva aciem ferri, dextra nervoque papillam.
Extemplo teli stridorem aurasque sonantis
Audiit una Arruns, haesitque in corpore ferrum.
Illum exspirantem socii atque extrema gementem
Obliti ignoto camporum in pulvere linquunt;
Opis ad aetherium pennis aufertur Olympum.

Prima fugit, domina amissa, levis ala Camillae;
Turbati fugiunt Rutuli, fugit acer Atinas,
Disjectique duces desolatique manipli

Tuta petunt, et equis aversi ad moenia tendunt.
Nec quisquam instantis Teucros letumque ferentis
Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra;

Sed laxos referunt humeris languentibus arcus,

Quadrupedumque putrem cursu quatit ungula cam

pum.

Volvitur ad muros caligine turpidus atra

Pulvis, et e speculis percussae pectora matres
Femineum clamorem ad coeli sidera tollunt.

850

855

860

865

870

875

Qui cursu portas primi irrupere patentis,

Hos inimica super mixto premit agmine turba ;
Nec miseram effugiunt mortem, sed limine in ipso,
Moenibus in patriis atque inter tuta domorum

880

850. We know nothing else of Dercennus.-860, &c. So stoutly did she bend the bow, that its two ends (capita) met; and while it was drawn up to the arrow-head, so as to touch her left hand, the string pulled with the right hand touched her breast. v. 507.-875. See viii. 596.-880. As the crowd of Latin fugitives impeding the entrance was a source of additional (super) danger, it is called inimica. Others refer turba to the Trojans; and then super means close behind.

Confixi expirant animas. Pars claudere portas ;
Nec sociis aperire viam, nec moenibus audent
Accipere orantis; oriturque miserrima caedes
Defendentum armis aditus, inque arma ruentum.
Exclusi, ante oculos lacrimantumque ora parentum,
Pars in praecipitis fossas urguente ruina

885

Volvitur, immissis pars caeca et concita frenis
Arietat in portas et duros objice postis.
Ipsae de muris summo certamine matres—

890

Monstrat amor verus patriae-ut videre Camillam,
Tela manu trepidae jaciunt, ac robore duro
Stipitibus ferrum sudibusque imitantur obustis
Praecipites, primaeque mori pro moenibus ardent.
Interea Turnum in silvis saevissimus implet
Nuntius, et juveni ingentem fert Acca tumultum :
Deletas Volscorum acies, cecidisse Camillam,
Ingruere infensos hostis, et Marte secundo
Omnia corripuisse, metum jam ad moenia ferri.
Ille furens-et saeva Jovis sic numina poscunt-
Deserit obsessos collis, nemora aspera linquit.
Vix e conspectu exierat campumque tenebat,
Cum pater Aeneas, saltus ingressus apertos,
Exsuperatque jugum silvaque evadit opaca.
Sic ambo ad muros rapidi totoque feruntur
Agmine, nec longis inter se passibus absunt:
Ac simul Aeneas fumantis pulvere campos
Prospexit longe Laurentiaque agmina vidit,
Et saevum Aenean agnovit Turnus in armis
Adventumque pedum flatusque audivit equorum.
Continuoque ineant pugnas et proelia tentent,
Ni roseus fessos jam gurgite Phoebus Hibero
Tinguat equos noctemque die labente reducat.
Considunt castris ante urbem et moenia vallant.

6

895

900

905

910

915

888. Ruina, the rush of the crowd.-890. Arietat, aryetat, three syllables. They spurred on their horses at full gallop, to burst open the gates.-892. Ut videre Camillam seems not to mean, when they saw Camilla fall;' but, as they have learned to do from seeing Camilla's feats; only she threw real, they only imitation spears.-912. Ineant, v. 325, vi. 293.-913. The sea of Spain is put generally for the Western Ocean.

LIBER XII.

TURNUS, stung by the events recorded in the Eleventh Book-the death of Camilla, the failure of his ambush, and the defeat of the Latinsdemands that arrangements be made for a single combat between him and Aeneas, 1-17. Latinus counsels him to resignation, and to seek another wife, 18-45. Turnus persists, 45-53. Amata, the wife of Latinus, intreats him to desist, 54-63. The presence of Lavinia rekindles his eagerness, and he sends a defiance to Aeneas for the morrow, 64-80. He demands his horses, and he arms himself, 81-106. Aeneas also prepares for the fight, 107-112. Next day the lists are measured, the religious solemnities prepared, and both parties flock to the scene, 113-133. Juno, beholding this from the Alban Mount, counsels the nymph Juturna, the weeping sister of Turnus, to contrive some means to break off the duel, which must prove fatal to her brother, 134-160. The solemn ceremony of the preliminary agreement on the part of Aeneas and Latinus described, 161-215. While this is going on, Juturna, in the guise of Camers, inflames the Latins, already inclined to pity Turnus, and rescue him from his apparent doom, 216-237. While they are in this mood, encouraged by an omen, Tolumnius throws his spear with fatal aim, and all is confusion, 238-281. The altars are torn down, Latinus flees, and the strife spreads, 282-310. Aeneas, standing with his head uncovered, in vain remonstrates, and, wounded by an arrow, retires, 311-323. The feats of Turnus in the absence of Aeneas, 324-382. Iapis the physician, after vain attempts of his own to fit for the battle the impatient Aeneas, extracts the arrow by the aid of Venus, 383-429. Aeneas arms, and after embracing Ascanius, rushes to the fight, accompanied by his faithful troops, to the consternation of the Latins, and especially of Juturna, 430-449. While Aeneas seeks Turnus alone, his companions slay many others, 450-467. Juturna takes the place of the charioteer of Turnus, assuming his appearance, and drives far out of the way of Aeneas, 468-480. Aeneas pursues, and is roused to fury by the spear of Messapus, 481-499. Address to the gods, 500-504. Feats of Aeneas and Turnus, 505-547. The contest rages, 548-553. At the suggestion of Venus, Aeneas prepares to attack the city Laurentum, hitherto lying in peace, 554-573. His army rushes to the assault, and confusion and opposite counsels rage within, 574-592. Amata, distracted, hangs herself, and wo overwhelms all, especially Lavinia and Latinus, 593-613. Turnus, alarmed at the distant tumult, prepares to assist the citizens, 614-621. His sister tries to prevent him, but he recognises her, and remonstrates, 622-649. His resolution is confirmed by the intreaties of a wounded warrior, and the sight of a blazing tower; and, leaping from the chariot, and rushing to the town,

he demands to fight with Aeneas, 650-696. Aeneas hurries to meet him, 697-703. All suspend the fight, and gaze on them, 704-709. They first hurl their spears, and then attack each other sword in hand, 710724. Jupiter places their fates in his scales, 725-727. The sword of Turnus (not his own of divine temperament, but one which he had hurriedly snatched from his charioteer) breaks, and he flees, encompassed by enemies and obstacles on every side, 728-745. Aeneas pursues in vain, 746-765. Aeneas snatches at his spear, fixed in the root of a wild olive, sacred to Faunus, 766-776. At the prayer of Turnus, the spear remains immovable, and his own sword is given him by his sister, again in the guise of the charioteer, on which Venus unfastens the spear, 776-790. Jupiter remonstrates with Juno, whom he blames for the interference of Juturna, and forbids her to proceed farther, 791-806. Juno assents, but intreats that the Trojans shall lose their name, and the Italians possess their language and their habits, 807-828. Jupiter agrees, and Juno, rejoicing, quits the spot, 829-842. Jupiter sends, as a messenger to Juturna, one of the Furies, who, assuming the shape of a bird of ill omen, appals Turnus, and Juturna, in despair, plunges into the Tiber, 843-886. Aeneas and Turnus taunt each other, 887-895. Turnus heaves at Aeneas a huge stone, which falls short, and he looks round in vain for any hope of safety, 898918. Aeneas hurls his spear, and Turnus falls, pierced through the thigh, while the Rutulians groan, 919-929. Turnus yields, and is ready to die or live, 930-938. Aeneas is about to spare him, when he sees on his shoulder the baldric of the Arcadian Pallas, and, furious with wrath, he slays the slayer of his youthful friend, 938-952.

TURNUS ut infractos adverso Marte Latinos
Defecisse videt, sua nunc promissa reposci,
Se signari oculis, ultro implacabilis ardet,
Attollitque animos. Poenorum qualis in arvis,
Saucius ille gravi venantum vulnere pectus,
Tum demum movet arma leo, gaudetque comantis
Excutiens cervice toros, fixumque latronis

Impavidus frangit telum, et fremit ore cruento:

Haud secus accenso gliscit violentia Turno.
Tum sic affatur regem, atque ita turbidus infit:
'Nulla mora in Turno; nihil est, quod dicta retractent
Ignavi Aeneadae, nec quae pepigere, recusent.
Congredior. Fer sacra, pater, et concipe foedus.
Aut hac Dardanium dextra sub Tartara mittam,
Desertorem Asiae-sedeant spectentque Latini-

5

10

15

1. Infractos, ix. 499.-5. Saucius pectus, accusative of limitation, iv. 558.-13. Pater by the arsis.-14. Tartara, v. 733.

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