Alexander Balas.

4 Demetrius drives Ariarathes, king of Cap. padocia, out of his kingdom, and makes Holophernes king in his stead. Eumenes king of Pergamus, dies, and is succeeded by Attalus, his brother.

5 Bacchides came again into Judea. Being worsted by Jonathan and Simon at the siege of Bethbasi, makes peace with the Jews, and returns.

6 Ariarathes is restored by Attalus, and Ho-
lophernes flees to Antioch.

7 Physcon obtains a decree from the senate
of Rome against his brother.
8 By virtue whereof he lands with an army
in Cyprus, is there vanquished and taken
prisoner, but is restored to Libya and
Cyrene by the kindness of his brother.
9 Demetrius giving himself wholly up to sloth
and luxury, and neglecting the govern-
ment, loseth the affection of his people;
whereon Alexander Balas, an impostor,
sets up against him.

10 He being owned by the Romans, lands at
Ptolemais, and great numbers revolt to
him. Jonathan declares for him, and is
made high priest.

11 Demetrius, in the first conflict, gets the better of Alexander; but Alexander having the kings of Pergamus, Cappadocia, and Egypt on his side, is soon again recruited by them.

12 Andriscus, another impostor, sets up in Macedon, pretending to be the son of Perseus. The war is carried on in Syria between Demetrius and Alexander.

1 Demetrius vanquished and slain in battle; whereon Alexander, being settled in the kingdom of Syria, marries Cleopatra, the daughter of king Ptolemy.

2Onias, the son of Onias, builds a temple in Egypt, like that at Jerusalem. A sedition at Alexandria between the Jews and the Samaritans.

3 Demetrius, the son of Demetrius, lands in Cilicia for the recovery of his father's kingdom. Apollonius, one of his generals, vanquished by Jonathan in Phoenicia. 4 Hipparchus of Nicea in Bithynia, the famous astronomer, flourisheth.

5 Ptolemy comes to the assistance of Alexander, finding a plot laid for his life, is alienated from him, and joins with Demetrius. Alexander being vanquished, flies into Arabia, and is there slain, and Ptolemy dies of his wounds.

168 1 Physcon succeeds in Egypt, and reigns cruelly. Demetrius doth the same in Syria; the Antiochians mutiny against him; are quelled by three thousand Jews sent to Demetrius' assistance. Jonathan besiegeth the fortress at Jerusalem, but cannot take it.

2 Tryphon brings Antiochus, the infant son of Alexander, into Syria, and claims for him his father's crown. Multitudes revolt to him. Jonathan declares against Demetrius, and twice defeats his generals, and is treacherously murdered by Tryphon.

3 Simon succeeds Jonathan. Tryphon, having made away Antiochus, declares himself king. Simon defeats his designs upon Judea; and, declaring for Demetrius, hath a grant from him of the sovereignty of Judea.

4 Simon takes the fortress of Jerusalem, utterly demolisheth it, and digs down the hill on which it stood.

The

5 Demetrius goes into the East, and is there taken prisoner by the Parthians. Sovereignty of Judea confirmed to Simon and his posterity, by the unanimous consent of all the people of the Jews in a general congregation met at Jerusalem. 1Queen Cleopatra, on Demetrius' being taken prisoner, sent to Antiochus Sidetes, the brother of the captive king, and offers him herself in marriage, and the crown of Syria with her.

Antiochus accepting of the offer, lands in Syria, marries Cleopatra, and, having vanquished Tryphon, takes him, and puts him to death. Cendebeus is sent by him against Simon, and is vanquished by Judas and John, Simon's sons.

8 175 3 Attalus, king of Pergamus, being dead, is succeeded by Attalus, the son of his brother Eumenes. He was a monster of cruelty, and Physcon continued to be the like monster in Egypt.

4 Antiochus Sidetes, with great wisdom and
temper, restores the affairs of Syria, and
makes that kingdom again to flourish.
5 The Alexandrians, to avoid the cruelty of
Physcon, most of them desert the place.
Whereon other inhabitants are invited to
re-people it. An embassy from Rome
came thither to him at the same time.

4579 135

John Hyrcanus.

11 178

4580 134

2

12 179

1133 3 2 132

13 180

4

14 181

3 131 5

15 182

6

Simon is basely murdered, with two of his sons, by Ptolemy his own son-in-law. John succeeds his father, and defeats the murderer of his design of usurping the government. Antiochus Sidetes besiegeth Jerusalem, and maketh peace with John. This John is called Hyrcanus.

Ambassadors from Antiochus Sidetes address themselves with presents, to Scipio Africanus junior, then at the siege of Numantium, which he puts into the publie treasury.

8 Attalus, king of Pergamus dies, and makes the people of Rome his heirs.

9 Jesus, the son of Sirach, translates out of Hebrew into Greek the book called Ecclesiasticus, written by Jesus, his grandfather. 10 Antiochus Sidetes marcheth into the East against the Parthians, and at first gets several victories over them.

4 130 6 16 1831 Antiochus Sidetes is vanquished and slain in

5 129 7 17 184

6 128 8 18 185

7 127

9 19 186

8 126 10 20 187

9 125

Demetrius Nicator iterum.

the East. Demetrius Nicator returns, and
recovers his kingdom. John Hyrcanus
shakes off the Syrian yoke, and makes
himself independent; takes Sechem, and
destroys the temple on Mount Gerizim.
Physcon expelled out of Egypt for his
cruelty.

Hyrcanus conquers the Edomites, and makes
them all embrace the Jewish religion.
Phrahates, king of Parthia, slain by the
Scythians.

3Ptolemy Physcon vanquisheth the Egyptians,
and recovers his kingdom. Demetrius
marcheth into Egypt, and besiegeth Pelu-
sium. Hyrcanus renews his league with
the Romans.

4 Physcon sets up Alexander Zebina, an impostor, against Demetrius, to claim the crown of Syria; whereby Demetrius is recalled from the siege of Pelusium, to defend his own kingdom.

5 Demetrius, vanquished by Zebina in battle, flies to Tyre, and is there slain. Zebina hereon becomes king of Syria.

11 21 188 N 1A great plague in Libya, Cyrene, and adjacent countries, caused by a multitude of locusts.

4590 124 12 22 183

1 Antiochus Grypus, second son of Demetrius, is set up to be king of Syria against Zebina.

2 Antiochus Grypus, vanquisheth Zebina, and recovers all Syria. Zebina taken in his flight, and slain.

3 In this year was made the famous Opimian wine.

4 Cleopatra, preparing poison for her son Grypus, was forced to drink it herself, and so died.

7 Ptolemy Physcon, king of Egypt, dies. Ptolemy Lathyrus succeeds, in conjunction with Cleopatra his mother, in Egypt and Cyprus; and Apion, a bastard son, in Libya and Cyrene.

1 Antiochus Cyzicenus, son of Antiochus. Sidetes, by Cleopatra, and half brother of Grypus, seizeth part of the Syrian kingdom.

2 Grypus gets a victory against Cyzice-
nus. Alexander, the second son of
Physcon, made king of Cyprus, by
Cleopatra his mother.

3 Cyzicenus, having recruited his army,
fights another battle with Grypus,
and gains the victory. Grypus flees
out of the kingdom to Aspendus.
4 Grypus returned from Aspendus, and
recovered part of his former domin-
ions; henceforth Grypus reigned at
Antioch, and Cyzicenus at Damascus.
5 Aristobulus and Antigonus, sons of
Hyrcanus, besiege Samaria. Cyzi-
cenus, coming to its relief, is van-
quished by the two brothers.
6 Cyzicenus, having received six thou-
sand auxiliaries from Egypt, again
attempts the relief of Samaria, but
without success. Samaria is taken
and demolished. Hereon Hyrcanus
makes himself master of all Judea,
Samaria, and Galilee.

7 Hyrcanus breaks with the Pharisees,
and goes over to the sect of the
Sadducees.

8 Hyrcanus dies, and is succeeded by
Aristobulus, his eldest son, who first
of his family wore the diadem, and
took the name of king. Lathyrus
expelled Egypt, reigns in Cyprus,
and Alexander in Egypt.
9 Aristobulus conquers Iturea; slays his
brother Antigonus; dies, and is suc-
ceeded by Alexander Janneus, his
brother. Pompey and Cicero born
at Rome.

1 12 208 19 10 Alexander Janneus besiegeth Ptolema-
is. Lathyrus passing from Cyprus
into Palestine with an army, forceth
him to raise the siege.

13 209 20 11 Alexander Janneus, vanquished by La thyrus, lost most of his army in the defeat, and is brought to great distress; calls in Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, to his assistance.

21 12 Cleopatra comes with a fleet and army
into Palestine, against Lathyrus her
son; besiegeth Ptolemais. Lathyrus
invades Egypt, expecting to make
himself master of it in his mother's
absence in Palestine.

22 13 Lathyrus is beaten out of Egypt. Cle-
opatra takes Ptolemais. Janneus there
waits on her. After this, passing over
Jordan, he lays siege to Gadara.
23 14 Ptolemy Lathyrus returns into Cyprus,
and Cleopatra into Egypt. Grypus
marrying Selene, the daughter of
Cleopatra, and receiving great sums
of money with her, renews his war
with Cyzicenus. Janneus takes Ga.
dara and Amathus, but is defeated
by Theodorus.

24 15 Janneus takes Raphia and Anthedon,
and blocks up Gaza.

17 Janneus besiegeth Gaza, which is vigorously defended.

20 216 27 18 Janneus takes Gaza, puts the inbabi

tants to the sword, and razeth the place to the ground. Grypus treacherously murdered by one of his own domestics; is succeeded by Seleucus, his eldest son.

18 96 10 21 2171 19 Ptolemy Apion, king of Libya and Cy

rene, dies, and leaves the Roman people his heirs. Cyzicenus, on the death of Grypus, seizeth Antioch. Seleucus makes head against him.