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Difference, Method of, used by savages, | Druids, 237

29

Diffusion of myths, 260
Dining-table, etiquette of, 92
Dinkas, do not kill their cows, 116;
their natural affection, 200
Διόνυσος ἔνδενδρος, 200
Dionysus, syncretised with vegetation-
spirit, 236; in mythology, 255 ff.;
and the ivy, 209; supernatural
powers of his worshippers, 274, 283;
in private mysteries, 342; identified
with Oriental gods in the private
mysteries, 352 ff.

Dionysus Asymnetes, his λápvač taboo,

60

Δίος κώδιον, 348

Dioscuri, primitive altar of, 132
Disease, savage theory of, 44; remedies
for, 44, 45; sent by spirits, 110;
and as punishment by gods, 111;
cured by spirits of streams and
wells, 232; an occasion for renewing
the bond between gods and man, 237
Disutility, 243

Divination, water used for, 229, 289;
how gods of, arise, 242-3
Divine right, 285
Djinn, 224
Dog-clan, 125

Dogs, reluctance to feed on, 118;
associated with Lares, 187; with
Hecate, ib.; as totem animal,
devours corpses, 203-4; as totem,
209; ancestor of the Kalang, 253
Doll of sorrow, 49; of dough, 215-6
Dolphin, friendly, 253

eat

Domesticated auimals, originally to-
tems, 156; property of the tribe,
157; sacrificed at first rarely, then
more often, 157
Domesticated plants, 210 ff.
Domestication of plants and animals,
the starting-point of civilisation,
113; due not to "amusement" but
to totemism, 114, 117; which taught
the savage the lesson of abstinence,
115; reluctance to kill or
domesticated animals survives, 117,
118; domestication the uninten-
tional effect of totemism, 118,
119; geographical distribution of
domesticable animals, 120; domesti-
cation fatal to totemism, ib.
Dough, eaten sacramentally, 215-9
Drama, sacred, in the Eleusinia, 372-3
Dravidians, tree and plant totems, 207
Dreams, how they affect the savage's
conception of personality, 43; as a
means of choosing a guardian spirit,

182

Drömling, 305

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Dryads, originally tree totems, 208;
not absorbed by the greater gods, 238
Dusans (the) of Borneo, use the Method
of Difference, 29
Dwarf-houses, 50

Dyaks, new-born children prey of evil
spirits, 76; mourning taboo, 77;
next world, 310
Dyaus, 239

E

EAR of corn, preserved from harvest to
spring, 364. See Corn, Sheaf
Ear-rings, their origin, 172
Earth, agriculturist's dependence on,

228

Earthly Paradise, 304

Easter, a festival in the primitive
agricultural calendar, 228; rites of
the green corn (or maize) celebrated,

239

Eating an animal to acquire its
qualities, 31; eating earth in honour
of the god, 64; eating fetish, 64;
eating with and of the god, 149,
151; with the god, 157, 158; joint
eating a bond of fellowship with men
and gods, 159, 160; eating con-
stitutes a sacred bond, 330, 369
Eclipses, myths about, 261
Eden, 264

Edgar, King, attacks stone-worship, 143
Egyptians (ancient), 30; blood not to
be shed, 74; totemism, 121 ff.;
cannibalism, 202; kings divine,
275; next world, 302, 309-12;
metempsychosis, 315-7, 319, 320,
322-3. See Aalu, Apepi, Apis,
Batta, Book of the Dead, Calf-god,
Chepera, Ka, Memphis, Mendes,
Meroe, Nut, Osiris, Ra, Sakkarah,
Thebes

Eight Seats, 65

Eiresione, youths dressed as women,
241; carried in procession, 255
Eleusinia, λιθοβολία, 2922. See
Mysteries

Eleusis, its synoikismos with the
Athenian state, 364
Eleutheræ, 2561

Elis, 349

Ellice Island, altar and pillar, 134
Elohim, 385

Elysian plains, 313
Elysium, 321, 324
Embalming, 49
'Huépaι ȧπoppades, 67
Emotion, in religion, 409, 411
Empedocles, on myths, 267, 320-1
Encounter Bay,
306

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Ethiopians, war paint, 349; (the
righteous), 313

Etiquette, 86, 92
Εὐδαίμων, 187
Euripides, 321
Europa, 251

Euryphylus, violated taboo, 60
Everlasting punishment, 375
Evoe Saboe, 340

Evolution, does it apply to religion?
5; E. universal, progress exceptional,
5, 38; applied to religion (or art)
does not involve the inference that
religion (or art) is mere barbarism,
9, 10; and progress not identical,
88; of taboo, 88, 89; in religion,
382, 386-7; not synonymous with
progress, 394-5

Ewe-speaking peoples, believe that the
soul occasionally returns to the
body, 45; tempt the soul of the
deceased to return, 46; funeral
lamentations, 47; ghosts harm
strangers only, 53; sacred python
taboo, 60; sacred python communi-
cates taboo, 63; taboo-days, 65;
royal blood may not be shed, 73;
mourners taboo, 77; lightning-god,
77; mourners, 78, 79; sacrificial
meal, 158; sacrifices to the dead, 195
Experience, sole test of truth in
religion as well as science, 10; did
not teach man what effects he could
and what he could not produce, 33;
not the base of taboo, 85, 87
External world. See World

FABIUS, 209

F

Face, painting of, 350-1
Faculty theory, 401
Fairies, taboo to see, 60
Fairy-tales, reflect primitive man's
ignorance of natural laws, 16; their
origin, 253-4

Faith, the foundation of science as
well as of religion, 10, 17; inter-
woven with every act of reason, 406;
in religion, 407; in science, ib.
Fallacies. See Error

Family, the, a later institution than
the clan, 180, 188; does not come
into existence until after nomad
times, 195

Family affections, strong amongst
savages, 46 ff.; continued in death,
53; and suggest friendly relations
with supernatural spirits, 54, 55
Family gods, 164; how obtained, ib.;
from the gods of the community,
180; and vice versâ, 181; or from
guardian spirits, ib.; amongst
Semites, 186; in Rome, ib.; in
Greece, 187, 188

Fantis attribute their victory over the
Ashantis to a hitherto unknown
god, 21; on ghosts, 49; their con-
federation, 239

Far-off Land, 297 ff.; origin of belief
in, 298-9

Fasting, of mourners, 57, 77; of
mothers after child-birth, 65; to
appease guardian-spirit, 183; in
Eleusinia, 365, 368

Fat substitute for blood, 285
Fatherhood, of God, 108, 109, 139
Fawn-skin, in mysteries, 338, 351
Fear not the only occasion on which
the belief in the supernatural mani-
fests itself, 20 ff.; alleged to be the
"natural "" sentiment towards the
dead, 46; of deceased not source of
mourning-taboo, 58; nor of taboo
generally, 80, 81; of spirits, 105;
counteracted by alliance with a god,
105, 106; not the only feeling felt to-
wards spirits, 106; not the origin of
religion, 106, 107, 109; a necessary
element in education, 110; of super-
natural powers, 166; of punishment
indispensable in education, 190; not
the source of the rites of the dead,
192; not the reason why implements
are buried with the deceased, 205;
not the core of worship, 225; of
the supernatural felt by the savage,
233

Feitiços, 166

Feralia, 51

Fetish and idol, 25; eating f., 64
Fetishism, the word feitiço wrongly
applied by the Portuguese to tutelary
deities, 166, 167; extended by De
Brosses to anything worshipped,
167; by Bosman to things known
to be inanimate yet worshipped,
167, 168; now useless for scientific
purposes, 169; idol not an elabor-
ated fetish, ib.; a degeneration of
religion, 247; the outcome of poly-
theism, 389

Fig-trees, sacred, 208

Fiji, affection for dead, 49; the sick
taboo, 69; chiefs taboo, ib.; mourn-
ing, 80; mutilation in honour of
the dead, 191; priest "possessed,"
274; western world, 306

Filial relation of clansmen to clan-god,
108, 109

Fingers cut off as offerings, 170; cut

off in honour of the dead, 191
Fire, the first, 15; purification by,
365, 368; a genus capable of totem-
istic worship, 229, 230; purificatory
powers of, 230; offerings cast into,
230-1; fires as offerings, 231-2;
passing through, 380; not to be
kindled on taboo days, 65
First-born, sacrifice of, 295-6
Fittest, survival of, 38; to survive not
necessarily the highest, 394-5
Flamen Dialis, 271

Flaminica, 272

Flint implements, their purpose as
certained by Comparative Method,
2, 3; the first ever made, 15
Flood-myths, 262
Florida, 311

Floris Islands, cannibalism, 202
Folk-lore, 268, 369

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Food, not inherently taboo, 69; may
be "infected by mourners and
other tabooed persons, 69, 70; totem
taboo as, 102; survival of the taboo,
118; remnants of, used to injure the
eater, 151; dangerous to others,
154; required by the dead, 194
Forculus, 246
Formalism, 89

Fortunate Isles, 312-3

Fowls, not eaten in England in Caesar's
time, 117; nor by the Battas,

116

Francis Island, cannibalism, 202
Free will, 402

Friends clansmen, 54

Fumigation of strangers, 71
Functional deities, 246-7

Funeral feasts, 45-7; feasts not
originally acts of worship, 56

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GABOON negroes, will not part with
their hair, 45

Garments, removed lest they be tabooed,
64, 67, 92; tabooed by mourning, 66
Gautama. See Gotama
Gazelle as totem, 128
Genesis, see Monotheism, 5; does it
say that monotheism was revealed? 7
Genius, no law of its distribution, 94,
396; guardian spirit, 186; associated
with animals, ib.; of Ti. Gracchus,
ib.; man suffers as animal genius
suffers, ib.; familiar spirit, a survival
of animal genius, 187
Genius tutelaris, 208
Ghab-ghab, 133

Ghonds, tree-burial, 210
Ghosts, feared only if strangers, 53, 54;
not always credited with supernatural
powers, 55; send sickness, 190; do
not acquire supernatural powers until
a relatively late time, 196; not the
original gods, 197-8; linger in neigh-
bourhood of survivors, 298; follow
their favourite occupations in ghost-
land, 303

Ghost-land, belief in, philosophical, 302
Giant who had no heart in his body, 17
Gift-theory of sacrifice, 204-5, 224-5,
330-1, 333

Girls. See Women
Glaucothea, 342
Goats, 351

GOD, name of, taboo, 61; the divine
essence, 311; existence of, denied
by Buddha, 319; the Unknown,
332

Gods, defined, 104; a god fights for
his clan, 108; the god of the com-
munity, 160; gods distinguished
from other supernatural powers, 166;
have a definite circle of worshippers,
169; strange gods, 173 ff.; worship
ceases when clan dissolves, 181;
feast with their worshippers, 194;
killing of the, 216, 255, 291-6;
gods are friendly powers, 225;
themselves the victims offered to
themselves, 231; how their number
was increased, 234, 239; originally
had no proper names, 236; how
affected by polytheism, 242, 249;

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Gônda, probably same as Padæi, 202
Gotama, 318 ff.

Gourd, serves as medicine-bag, 184
Grave-posts, carved in totem form,
103; made into human form, 196
Graveyards haunted, 302
Greece, Apaturia, 51; ancestor-worship
in, 56; mourners tabooed, 57; water
used for purification, 80; purifica-
tion, 80; totemism in, 125; blood
dashed on altar, 132; hair-offering,
171, blood-offering, ib.; unattached
spirits become gods, 176; sacred
species of plants, 208; images on
trees, 209; priesthood in, 270. See
Achilles, Acropolis, Actors, Es-
chines, Eschylus, 'Aya@ds dalμwv,
Agave, ̓Αγείρειν, Αγορά, Agyrta,
Anaxagoras, 'AvTTÓTodes, Apaturia,
Aphrodite, Apollo, 'Aπоoрádes,
Arcadia, 'Apxepaviors, 'Apxiliaσlтns,
Aristophanes, Arion, Artemis,
Athênê, Athens, Bacchæ, Bacchus,
Βαλλήτης, Baptæ, Βασιλεύς, Βωμός,
Bóopos, Bovpovia, Ceos, Charonea,
Χαλαζοφύλακες, Χαμαιεῦναι, Chryses,
Citians, Crete, Cylon, Cynada,
Cyprus, Aaluwv, Deiras, Delphi,
Demeter, Demosthenes, Diasia,
Dionysus, Alos Kotov, Dioscuri,
Dryads, Eiresione, Eleusinia,
Eleusis, Eleutheræ, Elis, Elysian
Plains, Elysium, Empedocles,
Ephesians, Epimelêtæ, Epimenides,
Episcopi, Erani, Erinyes, 'Eoxápa,
Εὐδαίμων, Europa, Euryphylus,
Evoe Saboe, Glaucothea, l'oval,
Hades, Hecate, Helios, Hera, Her-
acles, Hermes, Hesiod, Hesperides,
Hestiaseis, Hierophant, Hymn,
Hyes, Iacchus, Iepá, 'Ieporotot,
Ioxidæ, Isocrates, Κλάδος, Κλῆρος,
Kore, Kotytis, Κρατηρίζων, Κυκεών,
Aápvas, Laureion, Leda, Leucas,
Leukippides, Autoßolia, Locrians,
Lupercalia, Mávris, Meilichioi, Mên,

Menelaus, Múnois, Mycena, Myr-
midons, Mysteries, Naids, Naó popol,
Νεβρίζων, Νόμος, Odysseus, Όλβιος,
Olympia, Olympus, Onomacritus,
Orgeones, Orion, Pallas, IIávoтερμа,
Pentheus, Persephone, Petelia,
Pharæ, Φάρμακος, Φηγαιείς, Phocians,
Phoebus, Pindar, Pisistratus, Plato,
Plutarch, Πολέμαρχος, Potidæa,
Prometheus, Proteus, npio μara,
Pyanepsion, Pythagoreanism, Reiti,
Sabazios, Salamis, Selli, Semele,
Seriphos, Sicily, Sicyon, Solon,
Spartans, Syria, Telliês, Téuevos,
Thebes, Θεοί, Θεοφόροι, Θέος, Thes.
mophoria, Thessalians, Thiasi, Thu-
rii, Tpaya, Tronis, Troy, Xanthos,
Ebava, Zagreus, Zeus

Ground, tabooed where taboo persons
step, 62, cf. 73-6. See Soil
Guardian spirits, derived from the
community's gods, 180, 181; but
not always, 182; but always like
them, 182; fasting a preliminary
to choosing them, ib.; the in-
dividual totem, 182; the medicine-
bag, 183, or a skin, ib., or a wooden
idol, 184; in case of plant totems,
a calabash or gourd serves, 184;
sacrifice offered, 183, 184; in Old
World, 185-8; as genius, 186; as
familiar spirit, 187; as daiμoves,
ib.; connected with ancestor - wor-
ship, 187

Guatemaltecs, guardian spirits, 186
Guaycorous, name of dead taboo, 61
Guiana, mourning, 80; feuds with

tapirs, 100, 101; dread of super-
natural spirits, 105; priests, 288,
290

Guilt, cause of calamity, 160; sense
of, relatively late, 199
Guinea negroes, talk with their dead,
48; preserve their bodies, 49
Gulcheman, 299, 306
Gulchinam, 306
Gungung Danka, 299

H

HADES, underground, 299; of Homer
not a "fault," 3031; entrance in
the west, 307; (the god), 324, 327;
in Eleusis, 368 ff.

Haidah Indians, cure for sickness, 45;
divine kings, 290

Hair, clippings of, buried, 29; seat of
life and strength, 45; to be removed
before or after entering on a taboo
state, 78, 79; instead of blood-offer-
ing, 170, 171; of Thlinkeet shamán
not cut, 288

Hair-offerings, to the dead, at first to|
prevent transmission of taboo, then
interpreted as offerings in honour of
deceased, 193-4, 220
Hand-cakes, 219

Hands, defiled by things sacred, 66;
by taboo persons, 70; by wives,

71

Han-yu, 152

Happiness, future, 375; on what con-
ditional, 376
Harith, 128

Harvest-customs, 212
Hasan of Bassorah, 259

Hawai, ghosts detained in, 48; sacri-
ficial meal, 147, 149
Hay, the plant called, 72
Heart-life, spirit, 213
Heaven, 308

Heavenly bodies, not worshipped on
Gold Coast, 191; light of, renewed
by Sympathetic Magic, 32; myths
about, 32

Hebrews, primitive altar, 133, 134;
sacrificial meal, 150, 159; blood-
offerings and tatooing in honour of
the dead forbidden, 193; forbidden
to mix blood with leavened bread,
219, 220; their cosmogony, 264-5;
their poverty in myths, 266; next
world, 299; have a "jealous" god,
315; more spiritual view of sacrifice,
329

Hecate, associated with dog in Greece,
187; in the H. to Demeter, 370
Helios, 370

Hell, 298, 308, 310, 317

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Hestiator, 159

Hierophant, 380

Hinde, Captain, 201-2

Hispaniola, unattached spirits become
gods, 176
Hobbes, 152

Hole left in tomb to facilitate exit of
soul, 50

Holiness, infection of, 62, 65
Holy days, 65-7; holy places, taboo
yet entered, 154; holy things,
taboo, 59; holy water, 40
Homeric Hades not a "fault," 3031;
Hymn to Demeter, date of, 363; the
mythology of, 363 ff.; analysis of,
377-81
Honduras, sickness due to sin, 111

Horses, reluctance to feed on, 118;
sacrificed to sun and sea, 230;
offered to sun, 235

Hos, invite the dead to return, 48
Host, 219

Hottentots, renew the light of the
moon, 32; shedder of (animal) blood
taboo, 74; mode of execution, 292
House-father, 196

House-mother, 215

Hudson's Island, all slaughter is sacri-
fice, 159

Huitzilopochtli, 217

Human sacrifice, 156, 161; appears in
the rites for the dead earlier than in
the ritual of the gods, 199; relatively
a late intrusion in the latter, 200; in
the former, due not to fear of ghost,
but desire to provide him with
service, 200

Humboldt Bay, Papuans of, eat not
with strangers, 71

Humility, essential to progress, 406
Hunting stage, 156

Hurd Islands, altar-pillar, 134
Hurons, 299
Hyes Attes, 340

Hymn to Demeter, Analysis of, 377-81
Hyperboreans, 313
Hypothesis, in savage logic, 32; yields
myths, 32

I

IACCHUS, identified with Dionysus,
352 ff.; introduced into the Eleusinia,
371 ff.

Icelanders, funeral feasts, 51
Iddah, 284

Idol, supposed to be an elaborated
fetish, 24; smeared with blood, 135;
not an elaborated fetish, 169; made
of skin, 285

Idolatry, unknown in Fiji and amongst
savages generally, 138

Ἱερὰ πάτρια, πατρῷα, 187
Ἱεροποιοί, 3362

Illness. See Sickness, Disease
Image, of the god, 286, 293
Immersion, 229

Imperatives, categorical and hypo-
thetical, 84, 85

Impurity. See Uncleanness
Inattention, Systematic, the cause of
religious degeneration, 8
Incas, suppress stone worship, 142;
revered like gods, 275. See Peru
Incidents, do not make a tale, 253
Incredulity of the savage, 36
India, blood not to be shed, 74; tree-
totemism, 210; next world, 309, 310;
divine kings, 275. See Bhogaldai

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