sleeping always after eating, and going early to his bed. The principal articles of diet are the same every where--grease and brandy. The horrors of a Russian kitchen are inconceivable; aud there is not a bed in the whole empire that an English traveller would venture to approach, if he were aware of its condition.

'I have already mentioned the swarms of servants in their palaces. A foreigner wonders how this is supported. The fact is, if a nobleman have fifty or 500, they do not cost him a shilling. Their clothes, food, every article of their subsistence, are derived from the poor oppressed peasants. Their wages, if wages they can be called, scarce exceed an English halfpenny a day. In the whole year, the total of daily pittance equals about five roubles, forty-seven copecks and a half; this, according to the state of exchange at the time we were there, may be estimated at twelve shillings and nine-pence. Small as the sum is, it might have been omitted, for it is never paid. There are few of the nobles who deem it any disgrace to owe their servants so trivial a debt. There is, in fact, no degree of meanness too low for the condescension of a Russian nobleman. To enumerate the things of which we were eye-witnesses, would only weary and disgust the reader. I will end with one.

"A hat had been stolen from our apartments. The servants positively asserted, that some young noblemen, who had been more lavish of their friendship and company than we desired, had gained access to the chambers, in our absence, and had carried off the hat, with some other moveables, even of less value. The fact was inconceivable, and we gave no credit to it. A few days after, being upon an excursion to the convent of the New Jerusalem, forty-five versts north of Moscow, some noblemen, to whom our intention was made known the preceding evening at the Societe de Noblesse, overtook us on horseback. One of the party, mounted on an English racer, and habited like a Newmarket jockey, rode up to the side of the carriage; but his horse being somewhat unruly, he lost his seat, and a gust of wind carried off his cap. My companion immediately descended, and ran to recover it for its owner;

there an arcade! In some parts richness, and even elegance : in others, barbarism and decay. Taken altogether, it is a jumble of magnificence and ruin: old buildings repaired, and modern structures not completed: half-open vaults, and mouldering walls, and empty caves, amidst white-washed brick buildings, and towers, and churches, with glittering, gilded, or painted domes.

The view of Moscow, from the terrace in the Kremlin, near the spot where the artillery is preserved, would afford a fine subject for a panorama. The number of magnificent buildings, the domes, the towers, and spires, filling all the prospect, make it, perhaps, the most novel and interesting sight in Europe. All the wretched hovels, and miserable wooden buildings, which appear in passing through the streets, are lost in the vast asemblage of magnificent edifices; among these the Foundling hospital is particularly conspicuous. Below the walls of the Kremlin, the Moscva, already become a river of importance, is seen flowing towards the Volga. The new promenade forming on its banks, immediately beneath the fortress, is a superb work, and promises to rival the famous quay at Petersburg. It is paved with flags, and is continued from the Stone bridge, to another, peculiarly called the Moseva bridge; fenced with a light but strong iron palisade, and stone pillars, executed in very good taste. A flight of stairs leads from this walk to the river, where the ceremony of the Benediction of the Water takes place at an earlier season of the year. Another flight of wooden steps leads through the walls of the Kremlin to an area within the fortress."

After many delays and extortions, our travellers departed from Moscow, and proceeded southward. All this territory, even to Tobolsky in Siberia, is flat, generally destitute of trees, and always without inclosures. The country is fertile, yet in consequence of oppression, the peasantry are often without the necessaries of life. He proceeded with great expedition through the southern provinces until he reached Kasankaia, in the territory of the Don Cossacks.

There is, observes our author, something extremely martial, and even intimidating, in the first appearance of a