was colonized by Augustus. (de Col. Ptol. p. 67.) This city, according to the best informed topographers, is to be placed near Saponara, at the junction of the Agri and Sciauro, where extensive ruins of walls, amphitheatres, aqueducts, and other buildings, are visible a. Near the southern frontier of Lucania we find Nerulum. Nerulum, remarked by Livy as one of the first towns of that province conquered by the Romans. (IX. 20.) It appears from the Itineraries to have been situated near la Rotonda b. Theba Lu canæ. Muranum. The city of Theba had disappeared long before the time of Pliny, but its former existence is attested by Cato, (Plin. III. 11.) According to the conjecture of Antonini, it stood at Castellucio, near the source of the Laoc. Muranum, named by the Itineraries, and by the inscription of la Polla ", is evidently Murano. Ursentum. Ursentum (Plin. III. 11.) is placed by Cluverius, with great probability, at Orso Marso, near the source of the Lao. ROMAN WAYS. The principal road to be noticed in Lucania was the Via Aquilia, which has been already partly described, from Capua to the banks of the Silarus, in the section relating to Campania. Its progress through this province is thus traced in the Antonine Itine The same road is thus detailed in the Table. We find also in the same guide a cross road communicating with the Via Appia and the Via Aquilia. Its stations from Silvium, in Apulia, are arranged in the following order: Silvio Pisandes Lucoss f Read Silarum. Garagnone g Holstenius thinks this station should be expunged, as it is not easy to comprehend how the road should take the direction of the Calor, after crossing the Silarus. (Adnot. p. 284.) Romanelli, however, supposes that it first crossed the latter river near its mouth, and afterwards the Calor and Tanager. (t. i. p. 327.) In that case there must be a considerable error in the number affixed to this station, as the distance from the mouth of the Silaris to the Calor is not more than ten miles. h Holsten. Adnot. p. 293. i Instead of XXI. VI. XXIV. k The Itin. marks XXXVIII. Holsten. Adnot. ad Ortel. Romanelli, t. i. p. 389. m This number is supplied from the Antonine Itinerary.. n Holsten. Adnot. 291. p. • The distance is wanting in the Table. P Romanelli, t. i. p. 119. This should probably be corrected to Bantiam, and the distance marked VI. instead of XVI. s This station remains unexplored, unless the Luci here spoken of are the Saltus Bantini of Horace. Another road led from Potentia to the Via Aquilia, in a more southerly direction; the stations in A route is marked in the Itinerary of Antoninus as leading from Venusia on the Appian way, in the same direction as the preceding; but the distances are strangely incorrect, with the exception of the first". In the same Itinerary we find a route leading from Venusia to Thurii, but here the numbers are also Another Roman way followed the coast from Tarentum to Thurii; the stations being thus disposed in the Tabula Theodosiana. SECTION XIV. BRUTII. Origin and history of the Brutii-The remaining Greek colonies on the coast-Interior of the country-Roman ways. THE origin which ancient historians have ascribed to the Brutii, or Bpérтio, as they were called by the Greeks, is neither remote nor illustrious: they were generally looked upon as descended from some refugee slaves and shepherds of the Lucanians, who, having concealed themselves from pursuit in the forests and mountains with which this part of Italy abounds, became in process of time powerful from their numbers and ferocity. This savage race is represented as pouring forth to attack their Lucanian ancestors, and to molest the Grecian settlers on the coasts of either sea; and so formidable had they at length rendered themselves, that the Lucani were compelled to acknowledge their independence, and to cede to them all the country south of the rivers Laus and Crathis. This advancement of the Brutii to the rank of an independent nation is supposed by Diodorus Siculus to have taken place about 397 years after the foundation of Rome. Dion, the Syracusan, was at this time prosecuting his undertaking against the younger Dionysius; and it is conceived that the hostilities of the Brutii were fomented by his means in order to prevent the tyrant from |