Mehemet Ali and Egypt.

All the modern travellers in the East, have made Mehemet Ali a subject for one of their spirited, sketching chapters. But none have so fully let us into a knowledge of the state of this country, as has a Rev. Mr. FAIRNLY, in a late book of travels, entitled "Travels in the East." We extract some portions of his chapter upon the present state of Egypt:

cotton is sold for English money, which finds its way into the pasha's coffers, and from thence, to maintain the artificial fabric of which Mehethrough various strainers, to the ill-paid soldiers, ment Ali is the centre. His imported artizans do their work, come and go or stay; but the people are not taught.

by the savagest exactions from the penury of the The revenue is unnatural and forced, ground people. Every thing is secure indeed from others, but not from himself; in monopolizing pow. The pasha, being an usurper, is the centre of er he has claimed the sole right to rob. Under an artificial glory derived from circumstances, the Mamelukes the mosques enjoyed grants of which if they be the spontaneous exertions of a property in laud, and extensive districts belonged people themselves, are credible tokens of a pros-to them, being the donatious of pious men who perity internal and solid; but when they are bro't had not advanced to a contempt for their faith. from a distance, and established by violence, they These have been seized, and the priests and are about as much the substance of a prosperous oolemans are now stipendiaries of the govern state as the feathers of the jay which the jackdaw ment, upon a reduced scale. Not a peasant in put on, were proofs to his companions that he had the land can call his rough wool shirt his own for become in any degree the better for having put two days. them on. I augur therefore, that with the pasha himself will most assuredly fall to pieces all the borrowed plumes of his government.

Speaking of the agriculture of the country our author says:

However, to do him justice, we will see what claims the power of Pharaoh to whom his subjects Now the pasha is lord of the soil; as pasha he he has done; and then, when you have contrast-mortgaged all their property in the soil. To imed the present state of his country with the past, prove his agriculture, there is a central council you will be enabled to judge for yourself. Now he has established security of life and profor this purpose in Cairo. They decide upon the perty from all marauders, except himself; he has gross amount of cotton, sugar, corn, and other made Bedouins and other robbers respect him by produce to be raised during the year; and in varidaily hangings in Cairo. Europeans are suffered us parts of the country there are magazines for to wander where they will unmolested. There collecting the district production. Now should a fellah have sown his own wheat, and the crop be are no civil commotions, his officers know that a come up a foot high, yet if an order be come from vigilant eye watches over their conduct. He has a camel post from one end of the country to an- stead of wheat, then away goes the wheat and the central board that cotton must be planted inother; he has brought artizans of all kinds into cotton is planted; and if when the cotton is grown, the country, from Europe; he has attempted to he want a part for his own use, he must first take grow sugar; he has brought in physicians and the whole to the magazine, and there redeem at hospitals; he has built schools, to encourage me the pasha's rate of sale, the part he wants, with chanics and sciences; he has made a large fleet; money paid to him at the pasha's rate of remuhe has immense armies, perhaps 130,000 men un-neration for labor, which is little enough. der arms; his name is a perfect passport over a tract of country that never before knew what law The present general poverty of the country is was: he has built palaces and mosques; he has also represented as incredible. The author says: attempted to improve the cultivation of the soil, Now, on landing at a village, a few blind old by the formation of a board of agriculture; and men and women are seen together with some ragwhen all this, to which more might be added, is ged thin children, like the Cyclops with but one put together, the result is a great deal of very de-eye-the second has been put out to prevent their lusive grandeur, centering upon the pasha himself, like the flame which was said to have played round the cradle of the infant Servius. The pasha alone is magnified in the eyes of Europe; in the maintenance of his glory his satellites subsist; and the people-the poor people-exhibit the last ing truth of the old maxim,

* Quidquid delirant reges, plectuntur Achivi." Now is Egypt; whereby I mean domestic life and all the interests of family relations in Egypt, the better for this regeneration?

being taken for soldiers when they grow up. The able men are hiding in the mountains, to escape a conscription or heavy tax that may be collected. Often not an egg or fowl is to be had for money. In a word, misery of the worst description reigns in the whole of his dommions; and notwithstanding he is called the renovater of Egyption great

ness.

The author thus pictures the character of the man; and draws his forecast of the future:

The great originator of all this change is now Not at all; but much the worse! The manu- become an historical character; and his name factories are worked to a loss, they do not repay will, in some degree, belong to his country. I the cost of production. The schools call into te- venture to predict that he will be remembered ing a number of useless scholars, only to draft rather as the cause of some singular movements from them the more talented for the service of of the European nations drawing closer and clothe government; the remainder are returned on ser round the coming fate of the Turkish Emhand to their parents unfit for any ordinary pur-pire, as foreseeing the day not far distant, when pose of life, such as life is there. The army is the aspect of European power will take its com large only on purpose to show a front of war plexion from events to be brought about at the against his master, the fleet again is for show, Bosphorus, than as an agent of permanent good not for service. The hospitals are for the sol- or evil to the country over which he rules. That diers. The hospital schools are for amy medical his power and his family will speedily lapse into students. If a fellah Arab be sick, he must either insignificance may be safely foreseen, in that the die or go to a quack doctor, and this in the very military constitution of his government has no village where there is a refined European surgeon element of prosperity during peace; and there is for the garrison. Then agriculture is improved, a curse upon rebellion that ever comes sooner or but the peasant is plundered, starved and ruined, later. At the same time, that he is a masterturned out of house and home a beggar. The mind none can deny; none who have seen him

can fail to recognize the mild, affable, and dignified sovereign; none can refuse a certain sort of tribute to the keen, resolute, bold and fearless cunning by which he steered himself through the difficulties and mazes of the outset of his career; and granting the maxim of every Eastern usurper, that the art of government is to aggrandize the ruling power at the cost of the people, none can refuse to admire the more than usual share of impartial justice that has characterized every subsequent act of his despotic power, when freedom from necessities and exigencies left him at liberty to act as he thought fit.

"Don't get angry, sir," said the lad, I'll try ; a, si, la, si, do!" "Now,

"Bravo, bravissimo!" cried Nozari. my boy, I have but one word to say to you. If you will practise, in a year you will be the first tenor in Italy." The tailor's apprentice has now a fortune exceeding half a million of dollars his name is Rubini.

The correspondent also gossips pleasantly enough of LABLACHE-LABLACHE the greatest singer-the singer who weighs at least three hundred. The letter writer describes him as seen in his own house :

He is a mixed character, and his greatest misfortune I believe to have been his connexion and association with the worst elements of Europe. Six is the appointed hour; you ring at the secEuropean tactics were the first to suggest and ond story of No. 14, rue Taitbout, and are adhave since furthered the rebellion: now Euro-mitted by a polite Italian servant, who takes your pean force has turned against him, and prescrib- paletot with a smile that promises a pleasant eveed him limits and peace. He is a strange mix-ning, and ushers you into the saloon, where the ture of faith, credulity, discrimination, and curi-family are assembled. A magnificent Paul Veosity, quite without learning, and yet the bone of ronese is suspended from the wall; opposite contention between the most enlightened nations. stands the celebrated armoire, which contains Childish in the extreme at times, at others com- fifty thousand dollars worth of snuff boxes, of posed when all besides have trembled; a lover of every age and form, made of gold, shell, agate justice, and yet an oppressor, polite frank and and porcelain, decked with diamonds, rubies, open, and yet designing, shrewd and suspicious; emeralds, portraits and landscapes. There is in short, a great contradiction, a rebel, and yet not a sovereign in Europe who has not added to the collection, nor is there a rare snuff-box advertised for sale, that Lablache does not outbid all competitors.

a great man.

France.

on his head, and the pockets of his paletot stuffed

Six o'clock strikes, and ere its echoes have died away on the musical clock, the sonorous, The Paris correspondent of the Boston Atlas thundering voice of the host is heard below, as he gives frequently interesting anecdotes of the thanks the porter for his letters, in a tone that many men, who in the present times, cast a bril-rivals a six-pounder. In he comes, with his hat liant light over the halls and social circles of that to such an extent that he resembles two Lablachmetropolis. This last communication contains es "rolled into one " Each time that his hand some of the eminent musicians who love to make dives into one of these gulfs it brings out a snuffthe gay city their abiding place for a time. He box, or a statuette, or some other curiosity-he tells the following of RUBINI; a man, who, un-oh, how pretty," ery his children and guests; has been at an auction. "Beautiful, charming like the other artistes, has refused the prices and Madame Lablache sighs, and lifts up her hands. all the allurements of the London opera, (whither Hein, what do you think of my purchases? all the others have fled) though LUMLEY, the Where can I put them, Luigi? I must build a Here a servant announces dinmanager, sent him a signed check to be filled museum soon. ner. "Ah, diable !" continues Lablache, "we with any sum that the singer might choose. The must leave them for the moment. Let's dine, story is of RUBINI's starting point: for the maccaroni won't wait." The reputation In Italy the choristers are so poorly paid that of this maccaroni is European, so that the artist's they exercise some trade during the day. Enter-cook, who, like the ancient vestals, never extining a boot maker's shop, you recognise in the guishes his furnace, is often busy at two in the master one of the violinists you saw in the or-morning, melting butter and scraping cheese. chestra the evening previous, while his appren- The conversation at table is animated and gay, tices were Roman Senators or Bandits. One of for Lablache has had such opportunities for obthe chorists at Bergamo, who had an aged moth-servation during his travels that he could make er to support, worked in the daytime on the the fortune of fifty publishers. Since the time board of a tailor, and was sent one day to try a pair of pantaloons made for Nozari, the first tenor singer, who scanned his features, saying: "I think, my lad, that I have seen you before?""

when he pulled the strings at a Neapolitan puppet show, to the days when Emperors and Kings invite him to their private tables, he has seen many funny things, and can relate a story in the most amusing manner.

"Silence, all of you," he thunders; "I wish to tell Dr. Maroncelli the best remedy for a cold. Once when I was singing at a Court Concert in Vienna, 1 was seized with such a hoarseness that it was impossible to go on. Old King Ferdinand of Naples, who was present, beckoned me one side, and asked me: Would you like an instantaneous cure? Please God, sire. I have a Sovereign remedy for hoarseness.' • Give it me, I pray your majesty.' Listen attentively." "I am all attention.' You must take a large radish-you know what it is?' 'I will not know any thing else.' 'Cut it in fine slices, cover them with sugar, put them into a saucepan with a little water, and let it simmer for two hours. Yes, sire.' Take a table spoonfull on going to bed

and getting up, and you will soon be cured." Many, many thanks.' 'Do you understand?' Yes, your majesty.' Well, don't forget to follow the prescription exactly."

"Two days afterwards, I sang the Marriage Secret at the Opera; my voice was never in better order, and the public kindly applauded me with loud cheers, King Ferdinand giving the signal.— Between the acts he summoned me to the royal lodge. Well, you followed my advice, did you not?' "Yes, sire,' I stammered out, while a blush covered my face, for I had not thought of the prescription after leaving the palace. Glorious for hoarseness, is it not?' went on the King; 'let's hear how you prepared it.' Why, sire, I first sent and purchased a radish.' Good.'Then I cut it up in slices "Right-what next?' Why, I ate with vinegar and salt.' Jester!' said the King, bursting into a fit of laughier, I have a mind not to give you this snuff-box, which I have purchased today; but you may as well take it, as a caution to mind your physician's prescriptions hereafter.'"

Letter from Saltillo-A Battle Field.

Correspondence of the N. O. Delta.

SALTILLO, March 2, 1847. In a letter which I wrote a few days since, I gave you a very full account of the sanguinary affair of Buena Vista, [pronounced Wano Esta] and will now give you a few scenes which I have witnessed, not mentioned in that letter.

with contempt.

gar

But when the quick, sharp ringing of our rifles sounded the death-knell of score after score of them, three hearty Mississippi cheers told full well that no cowardly fear paralyzed that little band. Rushing on, our small force would have the death-strewn field, had not our watchful scattered the retreating foe in all directions over leader, Col. Davis, perceived that we were about to be surrounded by an overpowering force, and ordered us to retire and rally.

The first view that we caught of the enemy was when they had turned the left flank of our lines, and were pursuing the flying infantry and horsemen. Column after column succeeded until they formed a dense mass, numbering something like twelve thousand inen. No words can convey to you even a faint idea of their imposing appearance. Their arms, brilliantly burnished, reflected a million times the dazzling rays of the sun-their rich and gaudy uniforms stood out in bold relief against the soiled and tattered ments of the "suffering Volunteers"--their The papers are crowded with anecdotes like Cavalry [Lancers] drawn up in beautiful style, in numbers from two to three thousand, and in these. Years ago, and it was the trait of an lines, the beauty of which, the most accurate milEnglish society, of the society of the English me-itary observer could have found no fault with; tropolis. The English have lost this now. They and, added to this, that they were, for the time, have no cotery; no power of getting a set together victors, I assure you we did not look upon them where they might have Dr. JOHNSON's" good talk." The BULWERS and the D'ISRAELIS are not the men of a sociable, tea-table philosophy, which utters its half-apothegms between cups, to have them congealed into anecdotes afterwards. There are noCOLERIDGES OF LANDORS OF SOUTHEYS there now. They have not even the genial hearts to stammer the humor of CHARLES LAMB. The thoroughbreds too, those witty like Fox or SHERIDAN or even BYRON, or like the gay men of the Parties were engaged in burying the dead-but age before, the WALPOLES, the GEORGE SEL- there were still hundreds of bodies lying stiff and WYNS, these are not in London now. Anecdote cold, with no covering save the scanty remnant has fled over the channel, to the metropolis of of clothing which the robbers of the dead found England's natural enemy. From the writers, the too valueless to take from them. I saw the hupainters, the statesmen of this other countryed in the faces of the dead almost every expresman body pierced in every place. I saw expresscomes the sprightly saying, the trait that gives to- sion and feeling. Some seemed to have died exken of the literary character of the author. They ecrating their enemies, and cursing them with have a circle of brilliant men there. From there their last breath-others had the most placid and comes the brilliancy born in the Chamber of Dep- to have died defending their lives bravely to the resigned expression and feeling. Some seemed uties, which we used to expect in the House of last, while others evidently used their last words Commons, at the Regent's, or the clubs. From in supplicating for mercy. Here lay youth and here, reaches to us the anecdotes of the author- mature age calmly reposing in untimely death. craft, who estimate their works by the quantity, I went over to the plain literally covered with the Pasying on from this point of the bloody ground, and as so many days works-anecdotes which dead bodies of those who had so recently been our once became JOHN MURRAY's shop, LAMB's house, foes. This scene was horrible enough, God the green room of Drury Lane, or the Lakes of knows-but was divested of some of its horrors Westmoreland. Here now is the home of anec- by the fact that not one of the Mexican soldiers dote; here in the city where like SHAKSPEARE and was either robbed or stripped of his clothing, nor was there the least appearance of the bodies hav CORNEILLE, ALEX. DUMAS has his theatre alone; ing been abused after being wounded. This, inhere from Parisdeed, speaks much for the "barbarous volunteers of the United States of the North," as the Mex icans stlye us.

Paris, thou strangest thing of all things strange;
Young beauty, superannuated flirt;
True to one love alone, and that one change:
Glittering, yet grim; half diamond and half dirt:
Thou model of two ruffles and no shirt!

Thy court, thy kingdom, and thy life, a game;
Worn out with age, and yet by time unhurt;
Light without lustre, glory without fame,
Earth's darkest picture set in earth's most gilded frame!
The Modern Orlando.

After the battle I rode over the whole field.

He

Among the hundreds of dead whom I saw there I was much touched by the appearance of the corpse of a Mexican boy, whose age, I should think, could not have exceeded 15 years. A bullet had struck him full through the breast, and must have occasioned almost instant death. was lying on his back, his face slightly inclined to one side, and, although cold, yet beaming with a bright and sunny smile, which eloquently told the spectator that he had fallen with his face to his country's foe.

The Council is at present constituted as follows:

HON. MILLARD FILLMORE, Chancellor.

IRA A. BLOSSOM, President.

The University of Buffalo was chartered du-, University, and the Recorder and Mayor of the ring the legislative session of 1846, and endowed city of Buffalo, Ex officio. with all the powers and privileges which belong to to any other College or University in this state. The Medical department was established, and organized in August of the same year. The first Session of Lectures in the Medical Department commenced on the 24th of February last, and continues until the last of June, sixteen weeks. Five or six lectures are given daily in the several branches of medical instruction. The class at

JOSEPH G. MASTEN, Vice President.
HIRAM A. TUCKER, Secretary.

Millard Fillmore.

GAIUS B. RICH, Treasurer.
Thomas M. Foote.
James O. Putnam.
Hiram A. Tucker.
Orasmus H. Marshall.

George W. Clinton.
Elbridge G. Spaulding.
John D. Shepard.
Gaius B. Rich.

Orson Phelps.
Joseph G. Masten.
Ira A. Blossom.
Isaac Sherman.
George R. Babcock.
William A. Bird.
Theodotus Burwell.

Janes P. White, Member elect from Medical Faculty.

MAYOR OF THE CITY OF BUFFALO, RECORDER OF THE CITY OF BUFFALO, Ex officio.

FRANK HASTINGS HAMILTON, Dean; AUSTIN The Medical College is located on the corner FLINT, Registrar and Treasurer; CHARLSS BROD of Seneca and Washington streets, the edifice, HEAD COVENTRY, M. D. Professor of Physiology and Medical Jurisprudence; CHARLES ALFRED formerly a Church and more recently occupied LEE, M. D. Professor of Pathology and Materia as a public court, &c., having been extensively Medica; JAMES WEBSTER, M. D. Professor of altered to adapt it to its present purpose. It conGeneral and Special Anatomy; JAMES P. WHITE. taius two lecture rooms, one in the form of an M. M. Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of

Women and Children; FRANK HASTINGS HAM-amphitheatre lighted entirely from the roof, a ILTON, M. D. Professor of Principles and Prac chemical laboratory, museum and library rooms, tice of Surgery and Clinical Surgery; AUSTIN janitors room, &c. The present accommodaFLINT, M. D. Professor of Principles and Prac- tions are adequate to a class of one hundred and tice of Medicine and Clinical Medicine; GEORGE HADLEY, M. D. Professor of Chemistry and Pharmacy; CORYDON LA FORD, M. D. Denonstrator of Anatomy and Librarian. The general control and management of the University are vested in a Council, consisting of sixteen members, elected by share holders, together with a delegate from each of the departments of the

fifty. There is every reason to expect that at the next session a class of that size will be in attendance; hence, it is hoped that before the third session, the institution will be provided with an edifice of its own, better adapted to meet its present and prospective wants.

Rural Department.

The proprietors of the Messenger with a commendable desire to increase its usefulness, and enhance the interest of its contents have created a new department. By what name it should be called I hardly know, inasmuch as it will be devoted to Horticulture, as well as to many other things relating to rural life. Perhaps the Rural would be most appropriate.

Having been honored with the superintendence of that department, it will be my aim to do all in my power to make it worthy of the thousands who now patronize the paper.

I love plants, and trees and shrubs and flowers. There is an immortality about them that commends their silent beauty to my heart. It has been beautifully said that flowers are God's smiles." Who that has a heart filled with venertion for that source of life, and love, and beauty, would not delight to have ever present such

tokens of Divine love.

There is hardly any one who may not have them. With a shovel full of rich garden earth, a small box to hold it and a little daily care to water the plants, and the humblest artizan or mechanic may have blooming around them the most beautiful flowers.

second, cover the seeds lightly with the earth; third, if dry weather, keep the ground moist by frequent watering; and, fourth, shade the delicate kinds from the sun, and shelter them from winds; this can be done in various ways, as by placing a shingle or small piece of board on the south side, or over the spot where the seeds are sown; or an inverted flower pot, with a small stone under the edge; a small box or frame with milinet or thin of fine brush from the woods, laid over the seeds, cloth over the top, &c.; or even a small handful and fastened from blowing away, will be of much benefit.

Some kinds of seeds, especially those of large size, as the Balsamine, Morning Glory, Marigold, Sweet Lea, &c., will vegetate freely in any good common soil, without any particular care. The seeds of the Cypress vine will not often come up without being first scalded, with boiling hot water. The Globe Amaranthus, also, requires scalding, but the water should not be quite boiling.

Buffalo Horticultural Society,

REPORT ON SHRUBBERY.

The Committee on Shrubbery, appointed at a late meeting of the Buffalo Horticultural Society, with directions to publish their report in the city papers on or before the 15th of April, now report in part, and give below a brief list of some of the most desirable shrubs :

Double Flowering Almond.-Very ornamental. Flowers in great profusion in clusters like small roses; very double and of a beautiful rose or pink

color.

ful shrub from Japan. Flowers profusely in the Double yellow Japan Globe Flower.-A beautispring, and again during the summer or autumn. Flowers very double, globular, and of a bright yellow color.

It will be my endeavor to create and cultivate This shrub is highly valued on account of its peSweet-scented Shrub, or Carolina Allspice.— a taste for planting shrubs and trees, both fruit culiar and powerful aromatic flavor. The flowand ornamental. And I shall go to my task withers, leaves and wood are all very fragrant. the greatest pleasure, feeling that I am holding frequent intercourse with those, especially our fair patrons and readers, who already appreciate the things we so dearly love. Plant a rose bush for me, and its annually returning blossoms shall be a token between us for all time, of mutual regard and kind good wishes.

T. C. PETERS.

Scarlet Japan Quince.-This beautiful shrub Flowers profusely early in the month of May. is worthy of a place in every good selection.-

White Flowering Deutzia.-A new ornamental shrub recently introduced. Beautiful white flow. ers in great profusion.

Pink Flowering Mezercon.-An elegant shrub; We cut the following very appropriate direc- flowering in the greatest profusion, on the first

tions from the Ohio Cultivator:

On Sowing Flower Seeds.

As this is the season for sowing flowers, we would again remind our readers, the ladies especially, that they must expect small and delicate kinds of flower seeds to fail, unless they take more pains than usual in sowing them. In this climate where the hot sun so soon dries the earth to a greater depth than it will do to cover the seeds, of course some kind of shade or covering must be resorted to or failure is certain.

If we observe the manner in which Nature pro vides for the vegetation of fine seeds, we find that the seeds are scattered upon the fine vegeta ble mould of the fields or woods, amongst half decomposed leaves or moss, and where trees or fences afford shade, and shelter from winds. The covering of earth must be very slight, and while air must net be excluded, constant moisture must be secured.

How then can we best imitate Nature in securing the growth of such seeds? We answer, first, let the soil be rich and fine, of a nature that will not bake so as to become hard when dry;

opening of spring, and before the leaves appear. Flowers of a beautiful red or violet color; highly ornamental.

American Strawberry Tree; also the European variety.-Singular and unique in appearance; beautiful and very ornamental. In autumn and in winter, long after the leaves have disappeared, the branches remain covered with beautiful red berries. The American variety is rather the most ornamental.

Althea Frutex or Rose of Sharon.-This class of shrubs are all very ornamental; and almost indispensable in every good collection. They commence flowering sometime in the month of July, and continue in bloom until late in autumn. Some of the varieties are somewhat tender, and should be planted in a sheltered situation.

Privet, or Prim.-This shrub may be made very ornamental, by training it two or three feet high with a straight stem, and annually clipping off the long straggling branches from the top, so as to give it a beautiful round head. It also makes a beautiful hedge.

Syringa, or Mock Orange-The Syringas are all very desirable shrubs. Their beautiful white