แ "What is the predicate? and why?" ELLIOT."Feels;" for that word tells what the ocean does. "What is the object? and why?" ELLIOT. "Steps;" for they are what the ocean "feels." "Clara, what are the adjuncts of the subject?" and troubled;" they describe "What are the adjuncts of 'feels?'" CLARA." As he strides from wave to wave." "Why do you think so?" CLARA.-Because that sentence tells when the ocean "feels" his steps. "What are the adjuncts of steps?" " CLARA." His;" for it tells whose " steps." "Class, what kind of a sentence is this?" Many hands are up. "Warner, you may tell us.' WARNER.-It is complex sentence; for it consists of a principal sentence-"ocean feels steps"-and an auxiliary sentence-" as he strides." "Of what class is the principal sentence?" WARNER.--It is a simple, transitive sentence. "The auxiliary sentence?" WARNER.--Simple, intransitive. "Its office in the principal sentence?" WARNER.--Adverbial, for it modifies the verb. I sometimes vary this method by requiring the pupil to repeat the appropriate definition after every answer to my questions. Thus― "What is the subject of this sentence?" ELLIOT.-"Ocean," for it is "that of which something is After the definitions have been well reviewed, I introduce A SHORTER METHOD. แ Class, turn to page 67. "Willie, analyze the first sentence." WILLIE." When Freedom from her mountain height, Unfurled her standard to the air, She tore the azure robe of night, And set the stars of glory there." Subject "She." Predicates "tore" and "set." Objects Of "tore," "robe;" of "set," "stars." Adjuncts of the predicates— "When Freedom from her mountain height, and "there." Of the 1st object-"the" and "azure," and "of night." Of the 2d object "the," and "of glory." "Cora, you may analyze the auxiliary sentence." CORA. "When Freedom from her mountain height, Unfurled her standard to the air." Subject "Freedom." Predicate-"unfurled." Object-"standard." Adjuncts of the subject-Not any. Adjuncts of the predicate—“ from her mountain height," and "to the air." Adjuncts of the object-" her." "When" introduces the sentence, connecting it with its principal sentence, and indicating that it is an adverb of time. It will be noticed that in the above exercises we have not analyzed the Phrases. I do not separate the words composing a phrase until the class have thoroughly learned their combined office as an individual element in the structure of a sentence. I now introduce one more exercise in which the phrases also are analyzed. Because this method brings us ultimately to the distinct words of which a sentence is composed, I call it ULTIMATE ANALYSIS. "Class, turn to page 42. "Mary may give a complete analysis of sentence 4." MARY.-"Sweet was the sound when, oft, at evening's close, Up yonder hill, the village murmur rose." The subject "sound." The predicate" was sweet." The object--Not any. Adjunct of the subject "the." Adjunct of the predicate-" when oft, at evening's close, Up yonder hill, the village murmur rose." Elements of the adjunct sentence The predicate-"rose." Adjuncts of the subject-"the" and "village." Adjuncts of the predicate-"oft," and "at evening's close," and "Up yonder hill." Elements of the phrase, "at evening's close." Elements of the phrase, "Up yonder hill." The leader" Up." The subsequent "hill." The adjunct-" yonder." Here we have the distinct office of each element in the sentence, and also the offices of the several elements of the auxiliary sentence, and of the phrases. Of the many METHODS which I have at different times practiced, I have selected the above progressive methods as the most enlivening, interesting, and profitable. Teachers will find it convenient to place on the blackboard the following questions, requiring the pupils to answer them in order. Thus Of this sentenceWhat is the subject? What is the predicate? What is the object? What are the adjuncts Of the subject? Of the predicate? Appropriate answers to these six questions will amount to a correct analysis of any sentence. I will give specimen exercises in PARSING in the APPENDIX. See p. 89. |