36. Rondeletius, Gulielmus: Libri de Piscibus Marinis; in quibus veræ Piscium effigies expressæ sunt. Ludg. 1554. fol.

37. Royal Society: The Philosophical Transactions. vol. vi. Lond. 1671. 4to.

38. Salvianus, Hippolytus: Aqvatilivm Animalivm Historiæ. Rom. 1554. fol.

39. Sandys, George: A Relation of a Journey begun An: Dom: 1610. Lond. 1615. fol.

40. Sidney, Sir Philip: The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia. Lond. 1655. fol.

41. Topsell, Rev. Edw.: The Historie of Fovre-Footed Beastes. Lond. 1607. fol.

The Historie of Serpents: or the Seconde Booke

42.

of Liuing Creatures.

Lond. 1608. fol.

43. Wotton, Sir Henry: Reliquiæ Wottonianæ.

1651. 12m0.

Lond.

44. Xenophon: The Life of Cyrus, translated by Philemon Holland, M.D. Lond. 1632. fol.

Page 27. I, Izaak Walton.

With respect to the peculiar orthography employed by Walton as to his Christian name, it is to be remembered, that in his time it was frequently spelled in the Scriptures Izak, Izaacke, and Izaack; and also that such a manner was agreeable to the original Hebrew of the word Itzhak, or Laughter, vide Gen. xxi. 6. In this circumstance Walton was, most probably, guided by some of the many learned divines with whom he was acquainted.

Page 32. Witness Abraham Markland.

The appearance of the above name as a witness to Walton's Will, is an additional proof of the great respect in which he was held by the most eminent clergy of his time. Dr. Abraham Markland was a Prebendary of Winchester Cathedral, where he was installed the 4th of July, 1692; and in August, 1694, he was named Master of the Hospital of St. Cross, near the above city. He published several Po ems, in 1667, 4to, composed in that retirement, and "A

Sermon, preached before the Aldermen in Guildhall Chapel," Lond. 1683. 4to. Ath. Oxon. Edit. by Bliss, vol. iv. p. 710. The above circumstances were obligingly pointed out by his descendant J. H. Markland, Esq., F. R. S., etc. Walton's Will, which is given in the text, is recorded in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, in the volume called I Hare, 375, Art. 24. It was proved by the Executors at London, on February the 4th, 1683-4, before Sir Thomas Exton and Sir Leoline Jenkins.

Page 45. A Conference betwixt an Angler, etc.

The First Edition of the Complete Angler has not any descriptive titles prefixed to the chapters; but the leaf immediately preceding the commencement of the work itself con-" tains a short Table of Contents to the thirteen chapters of which that edition is composed, and which is introduced in the following manner: "Because in this Discourse of Fish and Fishing I have not observed a method, which (though the Discourse be not long) may be some inconvenience to the Reader, I have therefore for his easier finding out some particular things which are spoken of, made this following Table. The first chapter is spent in a vindication or commendation of the Art of Angling." After having gone through the whole number of chapters, the Table concludes with, "These directions the Reader may take as an ease in his search after some particular Fish, and the baits proper for them; and he will shew himselfe courteous in mending or passing by some few errors in the Printer, which are not so many but that they may be pardoned." In the Second Edition, there were twenty-one chapters, entitled as they are in the foregoing pages; and the Third Edition was the first which had an index.

Page 46. The Thatched House in Hoddesden.

In the First Edition, there are but two characters introduced in Chapter I.: Viator, or the Wayfarer, whose name in the Second impression was changed to Venator, or the Hunter, and Piscator, the Fisherman. Instead, therefore, of the dialogue as it now stands, the opening passages were originally as follow: "Piscator. You are wel overtaken

Sir; a good morning to you; I have stretch'd my legs up Totnam Hil to overtake you, hoping your businesse may occasion you towards Ware, this fine, pleasant, fresh, Mayday in the morning. Viator. Sir, I shall almost answer your hopes; for my purpose is to be at Hodsden (three miles short of that town) I will not say, before I drink, but before I break my fast : for I have appointed a friend or two to meet me there at the Thatcht-house, about nine of the clock this morning; and that made me so early up, and, indeed, to walk so fast. Pisc. Sir, I know the Thatcht-house very well: I often make it my resting place, and taste a cup of ale there, for which liquor that place is very remarkable; and to that house I shall by your favour accompany you, and either abate of my pace, or mend it, to enjoy such a companion as you seem to be, knowing that (as the Italians say,") etc. Pages I, 2. The Thatcht-house is stated by the Rev. Moses Browne, in a note in his Third Edition of the Complete Angler, Lond. 1772, 12m0, p. I, to be seventeen miles from London on the Ware road." It is now quite unknown; but it has been supposed that a thatched cottage, once distinguished by the sign of the Buffalo's Head, standing at the farther end of Hoddesdon, on the left of the road in going towards Ware, about seventeen miles and half distant from London, was the actual building.

Page 46. Mews a Hawk.

Mew, derived from the old French Mué, signifies a change, or the period when birds and other animals moult, or cast their feathers, hairs, or horns: hence Latham observes that the "Mew is that place, whether it be abroad or in the house, where you set down your hawk during the time she raiseth (or reproduces) her feathers." In the above passage, the term refers to the care with which a hawk should be kept in her mewing-time; and in "The Gentleman's Academie, or the Book of St. Alban's," Lond. 1595. 4to. Edit. by Gerv. Markham, there are several sections on the mewing of hawks; from one of which, p. 9, it may be learned, that the best time to commence, is in the beginning of Lent, and, if well kept, the bird will be mewed by the beginning of August.

Page 47. Hunting the Otter.

In pursuing this sport, which is now almost obsolete, the huntsmen assembled on each side of the river where an otter was supposed to harbor, beating up the hollow banks, reedbeds, and sedges, with hounds kept solely for that purpose; and, if the game were at hand, its "seal," or the impression produced by the round ball under the soles of the feet, were soon discovered in the mud. Every hunter was armed with a spear, to assist the dogs, and attack the animal when it came to the surface of the water to breathe or vent; but if the otter were not found by the river-side, it was traced by the seal, the fragments of the prey, and the "spraints,” or soil, up the stream inland to the place where it had gone to couch. The otter when wounded, as it is noticed on page 92, bites violently, and makes towards land; although the male-otter never utters a cry, but the pregnant females give a very shrill scream. When the otter fastens upon the dogs in the water, it dives with them, carries them far below the surface, and will seldom give up or quit its hold but with life. The hunting of an otter will last three and four hours, and the most fatal time for the pursuit is in snow and hard frost: an unbaited gin set near the landing-place of otters is also used to destroy them. Daniel. Otter-dogs, which are mentioned a short distance below the line above quoted, are a breed between the harrier and the terrier, and are hounds of great strength and activity. The following extract from The Whitehall Evening Post of May, 1760, was communicated for the first impression of this Edition of The Complete Angler, twenty-one years since, by the late Joseph Haslewood, as showing the time when otter-hunting in England began to decline.

"To be Disposed of, At Barton under Needwood, near Litchfield, Staffordshire, OTTER-HOUNDS, exceeding staunch, and thoroughly well trained to the hunting of this Animal. The Pack consists of nine Couple and a Terrier, and are esteemed to be as good, if not the best, Hounds in the Kingdom. In the Winter Season they hunt the Hare, except about two Couple and a half that are trained to the

Otter only; but there are about two Couple of Harriers, that have never been entered at the Otter, which will go with the rest; beside three Couple of Year-old Hounds, now fit to enter at either or both; and one Couple of Whelps, ready to go to Walks. The greatest part of them are the Blood of as high bred a Fox-Hound as any in England. The Proprietor disposes of them for the two following reasons only : First, because all the Otters except about three or four are killed within this Hunt, which consists of all the Rivers in this Country, (except the Dove, where Otters are not to be killed with Hounds,) Leicestershire, and Warwickshire; but more especially, because the Proprietor finds himself too infirm to follow them. None but Principals will be treated with. Direct to Walter Biddulph, of Barton aforesaid, Esq. by whom all Letters from Principals will be duly answered.

"N. B. Mr. Biddulph has killed within these last six Years with these Hounds, above Burton upon Trent only, seventy-four Otters. There are six Spears to be disposed of with the Hounds."

Page 47. Noble Mr. Sadler.

Ralph Sadler, or Sadleir, of Standon, in the County of Hertford, Esq.; only son and heir of Sir Thomas Sadler, and grandson of Sir Ralph Sadler, Knight-Banneret, celebrated in the times of Henry VIII., Edward VI., Mary, and Elizabeth. He married, in 1601, Anne Paston, eldest daughter of the very eminent Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief-Justice; in 1606, he succeeded to the family-seat of Standon, and he died without issue, on February the 12th, 1660 (1661); Scott's Sadler's Papers. He appears to have had a great attachment to angling, and Sir Henry Chauncy, in his Historical Antiquities of Hertfordshire, p. 219, says of him, that he brought an action of trespass Quare vi et armis against John Hyat in the Court of King's Bench, for fishing in the river Standon leading through his own land, and for erecting a weir there; and he obtained judgment thereupon. He delighted much in hawking and hunting, and the pleasures of a country life; was famous for his noble table, his

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