tunda at the Capitol represents the sur-onel Mercer (who was General Charles render of the enemy's standards. Returning to their tents through the same lines, the British were permitted a few days of rest, when the rank and file, with a number of officers, were marched off to prison-camps at Winchester, Virginia, and Frederick, Maryland, guarded chiefly by militiamen. Their route lay through Williamsburg, Fredericksburg, Red House, and Ashby's Gap, into the Shenandoah Valley. When they passed through the Gap, two or three of the English officers rode up to Mrs. Ashley's tavern, and asked if she could get them up a dinner. She stared at their uniform, and ejaculated at the spokesman, "A militiaman, I guess." "No," said the officer. Continental, mayhap?" Another negative. "Oho!" she exclaimed again, "I see; you are one of the sarpints-one of old 'Wallis's men. Well, now, I have two sons; one was at the catching of Johnny Burgoyne, and the other at that of you, and next year they are both going to catch Clinton at New York. But you shall be treated kindly: my mother came from the old country.' The prisoners were soon removed to York, Pennsylvania, and from there exchanged at the peace. The entire number surrendered, both officers and men, was 7247, or 1500 more than were included in Burgoyne's capitulation. Of the artillery corps there were 233; King's Guards, 527; Light-Infantry, 671; Seventeenth Foot, 245; Twenty-third, 233; Thirty-third, 260; Forty-third, 359; Seventy-first, 300; Seventy-sixth, 715; Eightieth, 689; Tarleton's British Legion, 241; Simcoe's Queen's Rangers, 320; Anspach and Bayreuthian regiments, 1077; Prince Hereditary, 484; De Bose, 349; Yagers, 74; North Carolina Volunteers, 142; pioneers and engineers, 67; and the remainder, staff departments. The casualties of the enemy during the siege were 156 killed and 326 wounded; the American loss, 20 killed, 56 wounded; French loss, 52 killed, 134 wounded. Of the operations on the Gloucester side of York River during the siege it is hardly necessary to say more than that the enemy fortified themselves around the village, and were hemmed in by Brigadier-General Weedon with twelve hundred Virginia militia, including about a hundred horsemen under Lieutenant-Col Lee's aide at Monmouth), together with the French Legion of cavalry under the Duc de Lauzun. De Grasse also lent eight hundred marines, under De Choisé, as a re-enforcement for that side. Nothing of importance occurred there after the 3d of October, when Tarleton attempted to forage beyond his lines, and was driven back by Lauzun with some loss. As to the assistance rendered by De Grasse and his thirty-six ships of the line in this brilliant and decisive campaign, its value can be measured only by the results achieved. Not only was Cornwallis effectually blockaded, but the British fleet under Admiral Graves, which attempted to break up the blockade, was defeated, and Clinton's expectations and plans of relief disappointed. He did finally sail down with troops in the hope of reaching Cornwallis through some loop-hole, but he arrived off the Capes only in time to hear of the surrender. Nor are the services of La Fayette and his handful of Continentals to be forgotten in this connection, for he managed well both in avoiding his much stronger antagonist in Virginia, and in subsequently making it difficult for Cornwallis to retreat into North Carolina, had he attempted such a movement, on learning of Washington's approach. Rarely have complex combinations worked so harmoniously and successfully as in this famous Yorktown campaign. Finally, in America the news of the surrender was everywhere received with the deepest joy. Lieutenant-Colonel Tilghman, Washington's aide, who had been with him since the battle of Long Island, rode with the official dispatches for Congress as fast as horse could carry him, reaching Philadelphia soon after midnight of the 24th. He roused the President, Thomas McKean, and the great news was soon spread through the city by the watchmen. Congress met in the morning, and after hearing the dispatches read, proceeded in a body, at two o'clock in the afternoon, to the Lutheran church, where services were held by the Rev. Mr. Duffield, one of the chaplains of the body. Later they passed resolutions of thanks to the army, and for the erection of a monument at Yorktown in memory of the event. A grand illumination of the city in the evening ended the day's rejoicings, which were then continued through sider himself with respect to every inch of his territory as a trustee, deriving his interest in them from God, and invested with them by Divine authority for the benefit of his subjects. As he may not sell them or waste them, so he may not resign them to an enemy, or transfer his right to govern them to any, not even to themselves, so long as it is possible for once his own interest and that of his other dominions. Viewing the thing in this light, if I sat on his Majesty's throne, I should be as obstinate as he." Opinion in Parliament rapidly changed after the dis voted to authorize the king to make peace with America. On the 19th of April, 1783, eight years to a day after the war broke out, the good news that it was over was announced to the army by its beloved chief. ALMOND BLOSSOM. [See Frontispiece.] out the country. The army in the High- | he owes to himself and his people, to conlands, under Heath, devoted nearly a week to salutes and camp banquets, with Continental menu, and at Harvard and Yale there were orations and bonfires. The students of the latter college sang "a triumphal hymn," and its president, Dr. Stiles, was afterward moved to write to Washington in terms like these: "We rejoice that the Sovereign of the Universe hath hitherto supported you as the deliv-him to keep it. If he does, he betrays at erer of your Country, the Defender of the Liberty and Rights of Humanity, and the Mæcenas of Science and Literature. We share the public Joy, and congratulate our Country on the Glory of your arms, and that eminence to which you have as-aster, and in March, 1782, the Commons cended in the recent Victory over the Earl of Cornwallis and his army in Virginia." | Nor are we to forget that our generous ally Louis XVI. of France, upon hearing of the surrender, ordered a "Te Deum" to be sung in the Metropolitan church in Paris on the 27th of November, while the Bureau de la Ville issued an ordinance directing "all the bourgeois and inhabitants" of the city to illuminate the fronts of their houses, "in order to celebrate with due respect a great victory gained in America, both by land and sea, over the English, by the armies of the king combined with those commanded by General Washington.' Even in Great Britain the disappointment was not universal. Bancroft tells us that "Fox-to whom, in reading history, the defeats of armies of invaders, from Xerxes's time downward, gave the greatest satisfaction-heard of the capitulation of Yorktown with wild delight." The king, of course, was still firm and uncompromising, and declared that he should never be "in the smallest degree an instrument" in making peace at the expense of separation from America. To Lord North he wrote, November 28: "I have no doubt when men are a little recovered of the shock felt by the bad news, and feel that if we recede no one can tell to what a degree the consequence of this country will be diminished, that they will then find the necessity of carrying on the war, though the mode of it may require alterations." Many good Englishmen believed as the king did, and the gentle poet Cowper was only avowing his loyalty to his sovereign and his nation when he inserted this passage in a letter to his friend the Rev. John Newton: "It appears to me that the king is bound, both by the duty LOVE, will you yet regret the flowers that lie Because to these Pink sprays of almond, for a little space, THE BREAD MARKET. A DAY IN AFRICA. Part Second. IV. T Sunday. I know whose when the Aissawa are not overrunning it, or no fête is going on, the place is said to be as dull and silent as a plague-smitten city. It being my last as well as my first day in Africa, I did not wait for the Hadji to call me that morning. I was an early bird, astir even before the slightest worm of a breakfast was practicable. Having completed my toilet, I wandered out on the platform in front of my bedroom to kill the intervening hour. Discovering a stone staircase leading still higher, I mounted the steps, and found myself on the roof of the hotel. The Kasba on all its Iwaday it was, for there are three to the dow's illuminated by the daybreak, but the week in Tangier, the Mohammedan, the Jew, and the Christian having each his own. It was Sunday; but what was more to the purpose, it was also a market-day. I had caught the town in one of its spasms of business. Between these spasms, and At rest of the town lay in cool shadow. my feet stretched a confused mass of square-cut white houses, reaching to the sea's edge on one side, and ending in drifts on the slant of a hill at my left-a town of snow that had seemingly dropped flake by flake from the clouds during the numbered, and without any feature to night. distinguish one from the other. It was like walking through endless avenues of tombs. Each building presented to the contracted footway an inhospitable, massive wall, set with a door of the exact pattern of its neighbor. This monotony is a characteristic of Oriental street architecture. No wonder the robber chief, in "The Forty Thieves," put a chalk-mark on the door of Ali Baba's house in order to find it again; and no wonder the slave-girl Morgiana completely frustrated the device by marking half a dozen doors in a similar manner. There were figures moving on several of the neighboring house-tops. All the roofs were perfectly flat, and most of them surrounded by low battlements. Yonder was a young negress in sulphur-hued caftan and green girdle, shaking a striped rug over a parapet, and looking consciously picturesque. On a terrace further off a Moorish washer-woman and a little girl were spreading out their härcks and embroidered napkins on the flag-stones: the sun would reach them by-and-by. At my right was a man indolently lifting himself off a piece of carpet laid dangerously Whatever of elegance there may be innear the unprotected roof edge-possibly side the Moorish houses, the outside is a summer boarder who had chosen that careful to give no hint of it. I believe airy bed-chamber. He was rubbing his that some of the interiors are lavishly eyes, and had evidently slept there over-decorated. night. In this temperate climate, where the thermometer seldom rises above 90°, and rarely falls below 40°, the house-top would be preferable to an inside room to a summer boarder. On many of the roofs was evidence of pretty attempts at gardening, oleanders, acacias, palms, and dwarf almond-trees being set out in ornamental jars and tubs. There, no doubt, was the family resort after night-fall, the scene of ceremonious or social visits, and, I imagine, of much starry love-making. Behind the hotel, in a desolate vacant lot checkered by small vats half filled with dye-stuffs, was an Arab tanner at work. Standing in the midst of his colored squares, he resembled a solitary chessman. I could look directly down on his smooth bare skull, which seemed cast of gilt-bronze or bell-metal. He wore nothing but a breech-cloth. The Moorish tanners are very expert, and employ arts not known to the trade elsewhere. They have a process by which lion and panther skins are rendered as pliable as satin, and of creamy whiteness. The green leather of Tafilet, the red of Fez, and the yellow of Morocco are highly esteemed. I was still on the roof-top when the Hadji summoned me to breakfast, immediately after which we set forth on a stroll through the city. The streets of Tangier lose a little on close inspection by daylight; they are very dirty and very narrow, forming a labyrinth from which a stranger could scarcely extricate himself without the grace of God. I was constantly imagining we had come back to our starting-point, the houses being un Once or twice, in passing a half-open gate, I caught sight of a tessellated patio, with a fountain set in the midst of flowers and broad-leaved shrubbery, reminding me of the Andalusian court-yards. But the domestic life of the Mussulman goes veiled like his women. For a city with so many Sundays, Tangier makes a rather poor exhibit in the line of sacred architecture. The foreign legations have a secluded chapel somewhere, and there are several mosques and Jewish synagogues, but none of note, except the Mohammedan mosque, whose porcelain-plated tower is the best part of it. In my quality of Christian dog I was not admitted to the edifice. The Hadji described the interior as being barren of interest. When the faithful go in to devotions they leave their foot-covering in the vestibule. As we went by that morning there were thirty or forty empty slippers of all sizes and colors arranged in a row on the stone pavement. They suggested the remnants of a row of soldiers that had been blown away by some phenomenal volley. The Moors are handsome men, haughty of feature, and with great dignity of carriage. The Arab women, of whom we met not so many, left their charms to the imagination. Though they were muffled up to the eyelids, showing only a strip of buff forehead, they generally turned aside their faces as we approached them. Their street costume was not elaborate—a voluminous linen mantle, apparently covering nothing but a wide-sleeved chemise reaching to the instep and caught at the waist. Their bare feet were thrust into half-slip |