brother's slaughter. Now tax thy energies, for I have | hopest forgiveness, thou must render it. Leave us, evil news to tell. Canst thou hear of ruined hopes?- good Pedro, alone. I would hear his confession; and of-' for his soul's sake, persuade this youthful sinner to die in a holier mood.' "What! I exclaimed, as he hesitated, what of Catalina? Have they wronged her? Have they' "Patience, my brother, and man thyself, none can wrong-' "She is,' he returned. Ten days after you had been torn away, while thy betrothed was lying in a fever, they seized the old man, and incarcerated him The shock was fatal. She became delirious, and expired on the third day, without the consolation of knowing that a lover watched her couch, or a parent closed her eyes. Jose Miranda heard the tidings-he never raised his head afterwards, and in a week they laid him in the same cemetery where Catalina rests.' "God of justice! I exclaimed, can such villany and oppression escape unpunished?' "Thou mayst yet have vengeance in thy power and the last efforts of my life shall be used to save thine. Should I succeed, remember Vicente and avenge him. Here comes the priest. Farewell, a last farewell, my Juan. The monk will visit thee when the trial of my firmness is over, and tell thee how calmly thy brother died!' "Juan Moreno, it is no shaveling who speaks to thee, but a devoted comrade to thy brother. I have planned thy escape: hear and attend to what I say. At the end of the stone corridor without the door there is a window that opens on the market-place. It is, to all appearance, strongly secured with iron stanchions; but several of the bars have been sawed through; and could you but quit this cell, the rest were easy. There is but one way-it is simple and sure-when the keeper comes here at midnight stab him to the heart, and hasten to the outlet I have described. There I, with some trusty companions, will be waiting. Whistle twice, and we will know thou art at the grate. Take these and hide them until they are wanted;' and he gave me a dagger, a pistol, some food, and a flask of wine. "Drink,' he said, and when the time comes for action, think of Vicente Moreno, remember thy martyred brother, and strike home to the heart of one of his murderers. But I must free thee from thy fetters;' and stooping, he unlocked the chains, and told me his "We embraced-were separated-I was conducted to my cell, and Vicente led to execution. In the presence of his wife and children they hanged him like a dog. "The fading sunbeams penetrated the grated loop-plans again, and exhorted me to be prompt and reso hole of my dungeon, and it was resolved that I should never see them set again. Moreno's firmness on the scaffold had incensed the bloodhounds who had sent him there, while the deep sympathy exhibited by the spectators alarmed and exasperated Ciria and Fernandez, his renegade confederate, and the betrayer of my brother. They urged on Sebastiani the expediency of example, and exhorted him to check this popular display of pity and admiration. The French general yielded a reluctant consent, and the warrant for my execution next morning was officially prepared. "It was an unusual hour for a visit, when I heard the keeper turn his key. He came accompanied by a monk, and showed me the fatal warrant. The death of my affianced bride-the murder of my gallant brother the total wreck of worldly happiness had rendered life so valueless, that, but for the hope of revenge, I would have parted with existence, and felt that death was a relief. Now, by St. Jerome,' exclaimed the keeper, '[ will witness thy dying pangs upon the gallows, with as much pleasure as I looked upon those of the rebel whom you speak of. Come, holy father, leave the brigand to himself, and let him amuse himself with the prospect of a hempen necklace until to-night, when "Art thou prepared to die, my son?' said the friar, I will bring him the last loaf he will require at my after the jailer had read the fatal mandate. hands.' "He said-followed the disguised Guerilla, and I was left once more in solitude and darkness. "Had I felt one sting of compunction in robbing & human being of life so suddenly, the remarks of the truculent scoundrel, in allusion to my brother's death, would have removed it. I ate the food, drank the wine sparingly, concealed the weapons in my bosom, and coolly waited for the hour when the work of vengeance should commence. "Midnight came-the deep-toned bell of Santa Margarita told the hour, and sounded the knell of my first victim. Pedro entered the cell as he usually did; and when he had laid down the loaf and pitcher, informed me that one hour after daybreak, I should be required to be ready. "You, I presume, intend to witness the ceremony,' I said, carelessly. "I would not take a doubloon, and miss the sight,' he replied. Youngster, you have already cost me a broken head' and he pointed to his bandages. In his mad attempt to save you, I received this blow from Vicente Moreno.' "And this from Juan,' I added, striking the dagger to the hilt in his bosom. Thrice I repeated the blow as he was falling. The jailer gave one hollow groan, and all was over. I could observe him engaged with another man in overlooking military returns. Every word spoken I heard distinctly. "You must fetch the muster roll,' said Fernandez Hasten back, that the business may be settled before Cardonna arrives.' "I shall be back in ten minutes,' replied the other, as he rose and left the room. "I waited for half that time, then passed into the cottage unobserved, and entered the chamber boldly. Fernandez continued writing at the table, his back was to the door; and, never doubting but it was his friend returning with the roll, he never raised his eyes from the returns. I marked the spot to strike, and with one blow divided the spine. The head dropped down upon the table, and not a sigh escaped his lips? With the point of my bloody knife I traced upon a from the cottage unquestioned and unnoticed. Was not that, my friend, brave revenge? To immolate, in the centre of an enemy's camp, the murderer of Vicente―the destroyer of Catalina.. "I took the light and hastened to the outlet, disco-slip of paper the name of "Juan Moreno," and glided vered it easily, and gave the appointed signal. Hands from without promptly removed the bars. I passed my body through the aperture, and found the comrade of my brother, and some trusty friends, waiting for me: By obscure streets we quitted Grenada, and evaded the French pickets; and at the hour appointed for my execution, when I was expected to exhibit on the scaffold, I was kneeling in the mountains of Ronda, in the centre of a Guerilla troop, swearing upon my brother's crucifix, eternal vengeance against his murderers. "I mentioned the names of Ciria and Fernandez, as the villains who had betrayed my brother, and consigned me to the dungeons of Grenada. Before three months passed I surprised the former in Almagro, and hanged him over his own door. Fernandez, aware that the same fate awaited him, retired to France, and thus evaded for a time my vengeance. His treachery was rewarded by an appointment in the enemy's commissariat; and, as his duties lay beyond the Pyrenees, he fancied himself secure. "Four days ago I found by an intercepted despatch, that the traitor was quartered within the French lines, and expected another villain, named Cardonna, to meet him on some secret business at the village of Espalette. A pass from General Foy was enclosed, to enable the latter to clear the outposts. There was a chance-a dangerous one no doubt-but the dead called for vengeance, and I resolved to obtain it, or perish in the attempt. I left my band in the mountain bivouacs, passed the French sentries unmolested, and at nightfall entered the village. "To find out, without exciting any inquiries, the house where Fernandez lodged was difficult; but I tried and succeeded. His chamber was on one side of a cottage occupied by French soldiers; and through the window "My subsequent escape was truly hazardous. I hid myself during the day in a hollow bank that overhung the river, and at night succeeded in reaching the bridge-the termination you know yourself. "And now you have heard from my own lips the causes which have made my name so formidable to the invaders. Had I not been driven to the mountains by oppression, I should have dreamed my life peacefully away-and Juan Moreno would have lived, and died, and been forgotten. Cruelly turned my blood to gall, and changed my very nature. At manhood this hand was stainless as a schoolboy's—at thirty the blood of fifty victims reeks upon it. Human joys and pleasures are lost upon me. For me beauty has no charms, and gold is merely dross. Yonder mule is laden with Napoleons; and, by heaven, I would not take the burden beyond that rivulet, only that I employ it in furthering my revenge. Once I could hang over a harp, and feel its music at my heart-now the roar of cannon, the crash of battle, or, sweeter still, the death-groan of an enemy, is the only melody for me. Living, mine shall be "war to the knife!"—and when I die, whether it be on the scaffold or the field, my last breath shall be a curse upon the oppressor. Ho, Carlos! my horse. And now, farewell. You and I shall probably never meet again. May you be happyand when you hear that Juan Moreno is no more, ask how he died." He gave the word to march-sprang lightly to the saddle-and, at the sudden turning of an alpine pass, waved a last adieu to O'Connor, and disappeared. CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE PRINCIPAL GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERIES. 861-Feroe Islands, discovered about this time by great navigator, on the night of the 11th or 12th of a Scandinavian vessel. October, in this year.-Cuba, Island of, Hispaniola, or St. Domingo, discovered by Columbus in his first voyage. 871-Iceland, discovered by some Norwegian chiefs, who were compelled to leave their native country. According to some accounts, it had been visited before this, by a Scandinavian pirate, Naddodd. 950-Greenland, discovered by the Icelanders about this period. The first colony established there was destroyed by a pestilence in the 14th century, and by the accumulation of ice, which prevented all communication between Iceland and Greenland. 1001-Winenland, a part of the continent of America, is supposed to have been discovered by the Icelanders. It was called Winenland, or Vinland, from the abundance of a species of vine found there. The Icelandic chronicles are full and minute respecting this discovery. 1344-Madeira. The discovery of this island is attributed to an Englishman, Robert Macham; it was revisited in 1419, by Juan Gonsalez and Tristan Vaz, Portuguese. 1345-Canary Isles, discovered by some Genoese and Spanish seamen, having been known to the ancients. 1493-Jamaica, St. Christopher's, Dominica, discovered by Columbus in his second voyage. 1497-Cape of Good Hope, doubled by Vasco di Gama, and the passage to India discovered. 1497-Newfoundland, discovered by John Cabot, who first called it Prima Vista and Baccalaos. The title of Prima Vista still belongs to one of its capes, and an adjacent island is still called Baccalao. 1498-Continent of America, discovered by Columbus-Malabar, Coast of, discovered by Vasco di Gama. Mozambique, Island of, discovered by Vasco di Gama. 1499-America, Eastern Coasts of, discovered by Ojéde and Amerigo Vespucci. (It is contended by some that this preceded by a year the discovery of the American Continent by Columbus.) 1500-Brazil, discovered 24th April, by Alvarez de Cabral, a Portuguese, who was driven on its coast by a tempest. He called it the Land of the Holy Cross. It was subsequently called Brazil, on account of its red wood; and was carefully explored by Ame 1364-Guinea, the coast of, discovered by some rigo Vespucci, from 1500 to 1504. seamen of Dieppe, about this period. 1501-Labrador and River St. Lawrence, discovered 1418-Porto Santo, discovered by Vaz and Zarco, by Corterçal, who sailed from Lisbon on a voyage of Portuguese. discovery for the Portuguese. 1419-Madeira, discovered by the same navigators. It was first called St. Lawrence, after the Saint's day on which it was seen; and subsequently Madeira, on account of its woods. 1434-Cape Bojador, or Nun, doubled for the first time by the Portuguese. 1440-1445-Senegal River, discovered by the Por tuguese. 1502-Gulf of Mexico. Some of the shores of this Gulf explored by Columbus on his last voyage.-St. Helena, the Island of, discovered by Jean de Nova, a Portuguese. 1506-Ceylon, discovered by the Portuguese. Ceylon was known to the Romans in the time of Claudius. 1506-Madagascar, Island of, discovered by Tristan de Cunha, and revisited by the Portuguese navi. 1446-Cape Verd, discovered by Denis Fernandez, gator Fernandez Pareira, in 1508. This island was a Portuguese. first called St. Lawrence, having been discovered on 1448-Azores Islands, discovered by Gonzallo Vello, the day of that Saint. a Portuguese. 1449-Cape Verd Islands, discovered by Antonio de Noli, a Genoese in the service of Portugal. 1471-Island of St. Thomas, under the equator discovered. 1484-Congo, discovered by the Portuguese, under Diego Cam. 1486-Cape of Good Hope, discovered by Bartholomew Diaz. It was originally called "The Cape of Tempests," and was also named "The Lion of the Sea," and "The Head of Africa." The appellation was changed by John II., King of Portugal, who augured favorably of future discoveries from Diaz having reached the extremity of Africa. 1492-Lucayos (or Bahama) Islands. These were the first points of discovery by Columbus. San Salvador, one of these islands, was the first seen by this 1508-Canada, visited by Thomas Aubert; known before to fishermen, who had been thrown there by a tempest.-Ascension Isle, discovered by Tristan da Cunha-Sumatra, Island of, discovered by Siqueyra, a Portuguese. 1511-Sumatra, more accurately examined by the Portuguese. Molucca Isles, discovered by the Portuguese.-Sunda Isles, discovered by Abrew, a Portuguese. 1512-Maldives. A Portuguese navigator wrecked on these islands, found them in occasional possession of the Arabians.-Florida, discovered by Ponce de Leon, a Spanish navigator. 1513-Borneo and Java. The Portuguese became acquainted with these islands. 1513-South Sea. The Great Ocean was discovered this year from the mountains of Darien, by Nugnez de Balboa, and subsequently navigated by Magellan. The supposition of the New World being part of India now ceased. 1515-Peru, discovered by Perez de la Rua. 1516-Rio Janeiro, discovered by Dias de Solis. 1516-Rio de la Plata, discovered by the same. 1517-China, discovery of, by sea, by Fernand Perez d'Andrada. 1517-Bengal, discovered by some Portuguese, thrown on the coast by a tempest. Nova Zembla, discovered by Willoughby, an English seaman. 1575-Solomon's Isles, discovered by Mendana, a Spaniard, sent by the Governor of Peru. 1576-Frobisher's Strait, discovered by the English navigator whose name it bears. Greenland, further explored by Frobisher, who also penetrated further between this country and Labrador. 1577-New Albion, discovered by Drake, who was the second to attempt a voyage round the world, which 1518-Mexico, discovered by the Spaniards. Con- he performed in three years. quered by Cortez in 1519. 1519-Magellan, Straits of, passed by Magellan with a fleet of discovery, fitted out by the Emperor Charles V. The first voyage round the world was undertaken by this navigator; and his vessel performed the enterprise, although the commander perished. 1520-Terra del Fuego, discovered by Magellan. 1521-Ladrone Islands, discovered by Magellan. 1521-Philippines. This archipelago was discovered by Magellan, who lost his life here in a skirmish. 1524-New France. The first voyage of discovery made by the French, under Francis L., one of whose ships, after reaching Florida, coasted along as far as 50 degrees north latitude, and gave to this part the name of New France. 1524-North America, travelled over from Florida to Newfoundland, by Verazzani, a Florentine, in the service of France. 1525-New Holland, discovered by the Portuguese about this time. This immense tract was for some time neglected by Europeans, but was visited by the Dutch, at various periods, from 1619 to 1644. This fine country is now colonized by the English, and every year adds something to our knowledge of its extent and its peculiarities. 1527-New Guinea, discovered by Saavedra, a Spaniard, sent from Mexico, by Cortez. 1580-Siberia, discovered by Yermak Timophéiévitch, Chief of Cossacks. 1587-Davis's Strait, discovered by the English navigator whose name it bears, in his voyage for the discovery of a north-west passage. 1594-Falkland Islands, discovered by the English navigator Hawkins. 1595-Marquesas, discovered by Mendana, a Spaniard, on his voyage from Peru, to found a colony in the Solomon Isles. Solitary Island, discovered by Mendana on the above-named voyage. 1606-Archipelago del Espirito Santo, discovered by Guiros, a Portuguese, sent from Peru. These islands are the Cyclades of Bougainville, and the New Hebrides of Cook. Otaheite, supposed to be discovered by Guiros, who named it Sagittaria. 1607-1610-Hudson's Bay, discovered by the celebrated English navigator, Hudson, on his third voyage. Venturing to pass the winter in this Bay on his fourth voyage, he was, with four others, thrown by his sailors into a boat, and left to perish. 1607-Chesapeak Bay, discovered by John Smith1615-Straits of Le Maire, discovered, with the island of Staten on the east, by Le Maire, a merchant of Amsterdam, and Schouten, a merchant of Horn. 1616-Cape Horn, doubled by Le Maire and Schou 1530-Guinea, the first voyage to, made by an ten, Dutch navigators, who called it after the town English ship, for elephants' teeth. 1534-Canada, visited by Cortier, of St. Malo; a settlement having previously been made in 1523, by Verazzani, who took possession in the name of Francis I., of France. 1535-California, discovered by Cortez. 1537-Chili, discovered by Diego de Almagro, one of the conquerors of Peru. of which Schouten was a native. These enterprising men performed a voyage round the world in about two years. 1616- Van Dieman's Land, discovered by the Dutch. 1616-Baffin's Bay, discovered by William Baffin, an Englishman. The nature and extent of this discovery were much doubted, till the expeditions of Ross 1541-Labrador, explored by a French engineer, and Parry proved that Baffin was substantially accu Alphonze. 1541-India, the first English ship sailed to, for the purpose of attacking the Portuguese. 1542—Japan, discovered by the Portuguese, Antonie de Meta and Antonie de Peyxoto, who were cast by a tempest on its coasts. 1545-Potosi, Mines of, discovered by the Spaniards. 1552-Spitsbergen, observed by the English, but mistaken for part of Greenland. Visited by Barentz, a Dutch navigator, in search of a north-east passage, in 1696. 1553-White Sea. This sea, which had not been visited since the time of Alfred, was now supposed to be discovered by Chancellor, the English navigator. rate in his statement. 1636-Frozen Ocean. In this year the Russians discovered that this ocean washed and bounded the north of Asia. The first Russian ship sailed down the Lena into this sea. 1642-New Zealand, with the southern part of Van Dieman's Land, discovered by Tasman, a Dutch navigator. 1654-Bourbon, Isle of, occupied by the French. 1673-Lousiana, discovered by the French. This country received its name from La Salle, a Frenchman, who explored the Mississippi, in 1682. 1686-Easter Island, discovered by Roggewein, a Dutch navigator. 1690-Kamschatka, the principal settlement of the Russians on the coast of Asia, discovered by a Cossack chief, Morosko. The country was taken possession of by the Russians in 1697. 1774-New Caledonia, discovered by Cook in his second voyage, 1772-1775. 1778-Icy Cape, discovered by Captain Cook. 1692-Japan. Carefully visited by Kemfer, a Ger- his third voyage, which commenced in 1776. He lost his life in 1779. man. 1699-New Britain. This island, and the straits which separate it from New Guinea, discovered by Dampier. This enterprising seaman made a voyage round the world at the period of this discovery. 1797-Bass's Straits. Mr. Bass, surgeon of H. M S. Reliance, penetrated as far as Western Port, in a small open boat, from Port Jackson, and was of opinion that a Strait existed between New South Wales and 1711-Kurile Isles, occupied by the Russians. The Van Dieman's Land. In 1799, Lieutenant Flinders people of these islands, which are twenty-one in num-circumnavigated Van Dieman's Land, and named the ber, still pay tribute to Russia. They are principally Strait after Mr. Bass. volcanic. 1728-Behring's Strait, explored and designated by a Danish navigator in the service of Russia, whose name it bears. Behring thus established that the continents of Asia and America are not united, but are distant from each other about thirty-nine miles. 1728-Kamschatka, ascertained by Behring to be a peninsula. 1741-Aleutian Isles, on the coast of North America, discovered by Behring. A more accurate survey of these islands was made under the Russian Government, by Captains Billing and Sarytchef, from 1781 to 1798. 1765-Duke of York's Island, discovered by Byron. 1804, 5, 6-Missouri explored to its sources by Captains Lewis and Clarke, and the origin and source of the Columbia ascertained. 1819-Barrow's Straits, discovered by Lieut. Parry, who penetrated as far as Melville Island, in lat. 74 m. 26 s. N. and long. 113 m. 47 s. W. The Strait was entered on the 3d of August. The lowest state of the thermometer was 55 deg. below Zero of Fahr. 1819-New South Shetland, discovered by Mr. Smith, of the brig William, bound to Valparaiso. 1819-1822-North America, the northern limits of, determined by Captain Franklin, from the mouth of the Coppermine River to Cape Turnagain. 1821-Asia, the northern limits of, determined by Baron Wrangel. 1825,6-North America, Franklin's second expedi 1768-Cook's Strait, discovered by Captain Cook | tion, in which the coast between the mouths of the on his first voyage round the world, which occupied bim from 1768 to 1771. Coppermine and Mackenzie's rivers, and the coast from the mouth of the latter to 149 1-2 W. long. were dis 1770-New South Wales, discovered by Captain covered. Cook. 1772-Island of Desolation, the first land south of India, discovered by Kerguelen, and called by his name. Subsequently called the Island of Desolation by Captain Cook. 1827-North America. In August of this year, Captain Beechey, in H. M. S. Blossom, discovered the coast from Icy Cape to Point Barrow, leaving about 140 miles of coast unexplored between this Point and Point Beechey. Point Barrow is in 156 1-2 deg. W. løn. STANZAS, TO A LADY, ON BOARD THE STEAMBOAT FROM PHILADELPHIA TO BALTIMORE, OCTOBER 2, 1837. |