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8. The employer agrees to provide transportation for the workers, either through out-
right payment or by advance to be repaid from subsequent earnings, from the point
of recruitment to the location of the job in all cases where this is considered
necessary to the successful recruitment of workers.

9. In the event of non-acceptance of the worker upon arrival, without just cause for
such non-acceptance on the part of the employer, the employer will provide return
transportation for the worker.

10. That housing facilities will be available for the worker upon his arrival at the
location of the job.

Employers' orders received in Washington will be further "screened" in order to verify the fact that lack of sufficient manpower is retarding essential war production, and to determine that the production cannot be obtained from other sources where labor supply is available and adequate. Furthermore, the employer's order for recruiting outside the originating region must be assigned a manpower priority by the national manpower priority committee established by administrative order.

When an employer's request for interregional transfer of workers has been approved in Washington, the employer's order is transmitted to a region or regions where recruitment of workers to fill the order is likely to prove productive of results. The regional director supervising the recruiting notifies the employer where to send hiring representatives. Itineraries of employers' hiring representatives will be arranged by USES exclusively in order to insure an equitable distribution of manpower in each region.

Considering the national character of the labor recruitment problem, it is believed that most effective national accomplishments will result if the designation of areas for recruitment is handled by one agency on the basis of the current labor market data, current knowledge or other essential manpower requirements, and recruitment activity already in progress. Employers who wish to avail themselves of the recruitment facilities of WMC should make their actual needs known to the nearest local office of USES, placing an actual order indicating job specifications and all conditions of employment.

If, after a reasonable length of time, the local USES office cannot recruit the required number of workers locally, a campaign of labor recruitment throughout the area can be undertaken. If this campaign is unsuccessful and if the employer's needs warrant recruitment outside the area, the area director may refer the order to the State WMC director, who will arrange more intensive recruitment within the State or refer the order to the regional WMC director. If the latter believes recruitment within the region would be unsuccessful and if the employer agrees to recruitment outside the region, the order is transferred to WMC headquarters in Washington.

WMC will make every effort to so conduct the priority referral program so as to cause the least inconvenience or confusion in a local community or to workers.

OPA ESTABLISHES RULES FOR COOPERATIVES

Seven rules were laid down by the OPA on February 15, under which marketing cooperative associations might make payments of patronage dividends to their patrons when the dividend plus original payment results in the patron receiving more than his ceiling price for a commodity.

These cooperative associations market the products of their patrons, many of whom are farmers or other growers, on a cost basis, and, in addition to making original payments on the commodities, they return to the patrons the savings effected during the year's operations. This return, known as a "patronage dividend," is distributed to patrons in proportion to the quantity or value of the products marketed for each of them during the year.

This patronage dividend, with the original payment, will often result in a net return to the patron in excess of his established ceiling price. While OPA has consistently ruled that purchasers can not make refunds or rebates to sellers when it results in the seller receiving a net return higher than his ceiling price, the price agency took action to avoid interfering with the established method of cooperative marketing associations.

Interpretations previously issued by OPA dealing generally with the question of patronage dividends are superseded by the action.

All the following conditions must be met when the patronage dividend plus the original payment results in a return to the patron higher than his ceiling price for the commodity:

(1) The association operates on a cooperative basis for the purpose of marketing the commodities of its patrons solely for their mutual benefit, and conforms with all the requirements of the applicable statutes of a state or territory.

(2) The association does not handle a greater proportion (in terms of dollar value or unit volume) of nonmember business in any fiscal year than it handled during the calendar year 1943, or its fiscal year ending in 1943, or, if the association was not in existence during all of 1943, during the first fiscal or calendar year of its existence. (In determining the proportion of member to nonmember business, the association may disregard any business done by it

for and at the request of the United States or any of its agencies as part of a special government procurement program which makes it necessary for the association to obtain commodities out of the normal course of its business from other than its customary sources of supply.)

(3) The association is not controlled, with respect to finances, policy, payment of patronage dividends, employment or compensation of personnel or agents, or in any other way by any other person.

(4) The association does not offer or agree to pay a patronage dividend of a definite amount or at a specific rate.

(5) The association does not pay patronage dividends except at the end of the association's fiscal year or at the

end of intervals of not less than six months where the books of the association are regularly closed at the end of such intervals.

(6) If the association, in the payment of patronage dividends customarily differentiates between, and maintains separate accounting records for, various operations in its business, the patronage dividend paid to patrons whose commodities are marketed in one such operation in its business does not include any sums derived from other such operations.

(7) In the case of a farmers' cooperative association, the association also conforms with all the requirements of the Capper-Volstead Act, which governs the operations of such associations.

Supplementary Order No. 84--Payment of Patronage Dividends by Marketing Cooperative Associations--became effective February 19, 1944.

NEW FISHERY LEAFLETS

The Fish and Wildlife Service released the following Fishery Leaflets during May and June. Copies may be obtained from the Service at the Merchandise Mart, Chicago 54, Illinois, free of charge.

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Fish of most species were relatively abundant off New Jersey from mid-April to midJune, according to the Service's fishery representative in that area. Lack of manpower hampered fishing. Catches were comparatively large, but market prices, in general, were considerably lower than in 1943.

Hudson River shad were reported to have been plentiful in the season ending in early May, but fishermen expressed dissatisfaction with prices. Sea bass fishing by pound nets in the ocean from Cape May to Sandy Hook was particularly productive in May and early June. Lobster catches have been considered satisfactory with prices to the fishermen good.

Restricted commercial cold-storage space has caused several pound-net firms in New Jersey to construct cold rooms on their landing and packing platforms. These structures, and the establishment of retail markets adjacent to the pound-net fisheries, provide more stable marketing conditions.

FISHERIES OF WASHINGTON AND OREGON

With the halibut fleet in full operation and the otter trawl fleet increasing its landings, receipts at Seattle were large early in June, according to agents of the Fish and Wildlife Service in the Pacific Northwest. Halibut landings were relatively large throughout the month, but otter trawl operations were restricted because of a shortage of cold-storage

Because of

space. Dealers became reluctant to accept more fish than they could store. the restricted demand for these food fish, fishing for dogfish and shark for livers was intensified.

Fresh Fish Trade

MAY LANDINGS AT BOSTON, GLOUCESTER, AND PORTLAND 72 PERCENT GREATER THAN IN 1943

Receipts of fishery products during May at the ports of Boston and Gloucester, Mass., and Portland, Maine, showed an increase of 43 percent compared with landings during the previous month and of 72 percent compared with May 1943, according to data published in Current Fishery Statistics No. 132 by the Fish and Wildlife Service. May landings totaled 42,752,093 pounds, valued at $2,265,523, representing an average price of 5.30 cents per pound. This compared with 5.92 cents received in April and 7.91 cents in May 1943. Four items, rosefish, cod, haddock, and mackerel, accounted for 87 percent of the total landings during the month.

Considering the landings by ports, 16,987,615 pounds, valued at $1,077,788, were landed at Boston; 23,868,968 pounds, valued at $1,109,113, at Gloucester; and 1,895,510 pounds, valued at $78,622, at Portland.

During the month, 239 vessels made 1,095 trips to the fishing grounds. This compares with 209 vessels which made 1,056 trips during May 1943.

For the first five months of 1944, the total landings at the three ports amounted to 123,850,342 pounds, valued to the fishermen at $7,822,263. Compared with the same period of 1943, this was an increase of 19 percent in volume, but a decrease of 18 percent in value. The 1944 total weighted average price was 6.32 cents per pound as compared with 9.12 cents for the first five months of 1943.

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Landings by Fishing Vessels at Boston and Gloucester, Mass., and Portland, Maine

April 1944 Pounds Cents 8,790,784 6.34

May 1944
Pounds Cents
10,421,342 6.20
9.566,896 6.92 12,260,186 6.88
1,259,150 2.64
1,988,273 4.42

116,508 5.47 47.937 18.63 5,952,425 4.88

261,618 3.61 2,607,998 4.49 87,822 5.41 27,182 18.16

36,265 2.38 304,445 4.47

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By ports:

Boston

16,987,615 6.34 16,073,786 6.38 14,889,825 8.74

Gloucester

Portland

23,868,968 4.65 12,315,547 5.55
1,895,510 4.15 1,477,841 4.01

8,157,885 7.21

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1,848,936 4.34

5.38 5,836,772 4.44

34,836,894 7.27

7,309,019 5.29

Weighted average of prices per pound paid to fishermen.

NEW BEDFORD LANDINGS FOR MAY 93 PERCENT ABOVE 1943

Landings of fishery products during May at New Bedford, Mass., totaled 13,589,191 pounds, valued to the fishermen at $923,778, according to data published in Current Fishery Statistics No. 134 by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This was an increase of 93 percent in amount landed and 85 percent in value to the fishermen as compared with April. Compared with May 1943, when 7,418,374 pounds, valued at $704,098, were landed, it was an increase of 83 percent in volume and 31 percent in value.

During the month, 177 craft made 488 trips to the fishing grounds. The over-all weighted average price per pound received by the fishermen for their catch during May was 6.80 cents as compared with 7.12 during April and'9.49 during May 1943. The principal items landed during May were haddock, mackerel, and blackbacks, which accounted for 74 percent of the total.

Total landings for the first five months of 1944 amounted to 36,048,589 pounds, valued at $2,747,312 to the fishermen. Compared with the same period of 1943, this was an increase of 45 percent in volume and 3 percent in value. The total weighted value for the first five months of the current year was lower than that of 1943, averaging 7.62 cents per pound as compared with 10.72 cents during the same period of 1943.

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Receipts of fresh and frozen fishery products (Salt-water Market) for May 1944, showed an increase of 10 percent compared with April and an increase of 12 percent compared with May 1943, according to the Service's New-York Fishery Market News office. Species commonly produced in pound and gill nets in the Long Island, New Jersey, and Chesapeake Bay areas were received in greater quantities during May than during May 1943.

Receipts of frozen fillets, unclassified, amounted to 422,000 pounds compared with only 40 pounds during May 1943.

Swellfish (blowfish) receipts amounted to 54,000 pounds compared with 1,000 pounds during April, and 12,000 pounds during May 1943. This species received some very favorable publicity, and commanded a considerable demand, especially among the hotel and restaurant trade. This item is shipped to the market skinned and dressed, and is known by a number of questionable names; sea and ocean squab, and Long Island frog legs being among the most common.

Receipts of ocean pout were only 1,325 pounds during May compared with 99,000 pounds in April and 28,000 pounds during May 1943.

Halibut receipts from the West Coast were very light, due to price difficulties which delayed the opening of the season.

Receipts of Fresh and Frozen Fishery Products--Salt-water Market, New York City*

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The weather conditions which have been hampering the shrimp fishery for the first five months of 1944 improved somewhat during May, boosting production, according to the Service's Market News office in New Orleans. The Galveston area reported the greatest increase in production. Canners and packers still report serious labor shortages both on the boats and for shore operations.

Hard crab production showed a large increase because some shrimp canners have been canning crabmeat during the lull in shrimp canning operations. May figures for processed crabmeat were the highest ever reported. Oyster production showed its usual seasonal drop with the advent of the warm summer months.

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