SUB-CLASS 5. Anonaceous fruits.

Sour-sop, Anona muricata.

Sugar-apple, Anona squamosa.

Cherimoya, Anona Cherimolia.
Pond-apple, Anona laurifolia.
And other anonas.

Northern Papaw, Asimina triloba.

SUB-CLASS 6. Myrtaceous fruits.

Guava, Psidium Guajava, and others.
Rose-apple, Eugenia Jambos.

Surinam cherry, Eugenia uniflora.
And other eugenias.

SUB-CLASS 7. Sapotaceous fruits.

Sapodilla, Achras Sapota.

Marmalade tree, Lucuma mammosa.
Star-apple, Chrysophyllum Cainito.
And others.

SUB-CLASS 8. Anacardiaceous fruits.
Mango, Mangifera Indica.
Jew plum, Spondias dulcis.

SUB-CLASS 9. Ebenaceous fruits.

Kaki (Japan persimmon), Diospyros Kaki.
Persimmon, Diospyros Virginiana.

SUB-CLASS 10. Leguminous fruits.

Tamarind, Tamarindus Indica.

St. John's Bread, or Carob, Ceratonia siliqua.

Shell-bark hickory, Hicoria ovata and H. laciniosa.

SUB-CLASS 1. Viticulture; comprising

Wine grape, Vitis vinifera.

Fox grape, Vitis Labrusca.

Summer grape, Vitis æstivalis,

Post-oak grape, Vitis æstivalis, var. Linsecomii.

Muscadine and Scuppernong grapes, Vitis rotundifolia.

Group a. Rubaceous fruits (cane-fruits, or bramble-fruits).
Raspberry, Rubus Idæus.

Black-cap raspberry, Rubus occidentalis.
Red raspberry, Rubus strigosus.

Wineberry, Rubus phenicolasius.

Blackberry, Rubus villosus.

Northern dewberry, Rubus Canadensis.

Southern dewberry, Rubus trivialis.

Pacific dewberry, Rubus vitifolius.

Group b. Ribaceous fruits.

Currant, Ribes rubrum.

Black currant, Ribes nigrum.
Buffalo currant, Ribes aureum.
Gooseberry, Ribes Grossularia.

American gooseberry, Ribes oxyacanthoides.

Group c. Miscellaneous bush-fruits.

Juneberry, Amelanchier oblongifolia.

Buffalo berry, Shepherdia argentea.

Goumi, Eleagnus multiflora (E. longipes).
Caraunda, Carissa Carundas.

* Small-fruits. A term applied to all small and berry-like fruits which are produced upon bushes or perennial herbaceous plants; as currant, blackberry, raspberry, strawberry. In Europe the strawberry is classed with garden vegetables. Small-fruits is an American term.

Bush-fruits. Fruits which are borne upon bushes, or small woody plants destitute of a central stem or axis. It is an English term, and is equivalent to small fruits, except that it does not include the strawberry.

Non-woody Fruits.

SUB-CLASS 2. Strawberry culture.

Garden strawberry, Fragaria Chiloensis.
Hautbois strawberry, Fragaria moschata.
Alpine strawberry, Fragaria vesca.

Virginian strawberry, Fragaria Virginiana.

SUB-CLASS 3. Cranberry culture.

Common cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon.

CLASS IV. NON-WOODY OR HERB-LIKE FRUITS.
SUB-CLASS 1. Musaceous fruits.

Banana, Musa Sapientium.

Plantain, Musa paradisiaca.

7

THE GEOGRAPHY OF FRUIT-GROWING.

Fruit-growing, in common with all agricultural pursuits, thrives best in certain geographical areas. That is, the business is not capable of equal development in all parts of the country. The chiefest determinative factor in the distribution of fruit-culture is climate. The particular quality or factor of climate which determines the fruit-zones differs with each

type or group of fruits; but in general it may be said that the relative annual temperature is the most influential factor.

The temperature determinant. It is customary to recognize three general climatal fruit-zones,-the temperate (typified by the apple and the peach), the semi-tropical (citrous tribes, fig, olive, pomegranate), and the tropical (cocoa-nut, banana, anona, mango). There are no positive limits of temperature which mark off or separate these zones; but it is enough for our purpose to say that the temperate zone is one which is marked by a long winter of freezing and by the deciduous types of fruits; the semitropical zone is one in which the winter is a short season of light frosts or only occasional freezes, and in which the fruit trees are evergreen or very nearly so; and the tropical zone is frostless, and is marked by evergreen and mostly ever-growing fruit-plants.

The limits of these climatal zones are exceedingly devious. In eastern North America, the northern limit of profitable fruit-growing is not far from the forty-fifth parallel, and the limit sinks considerably lower than this in the middle west, and rises much above it on the Pacific slope. The northern limit of the sub-tropical zone in the east is Northern Florida and a narrow area skirting the Gulf of Mexico, and upon the western side of the continent it extends in the valley climates as high as the fortieth parallel. The only portion of the tropical fruit-zone which lies in the United States is in extreme southern Florida, comprising about two