The Ethics of Managed Care: Professional Integrity and Patient RightsW.B. Bondeson, J.W. Jones Springer Science & Business Media, 9. mar. 2013 - 185 sider in the culture of medicine, and they saw their mission as a generation of profit for stockholders, not necessarily medical care for clients. Cost-effective medicine was the goal in the context of a profit-making enterprise. Although preventive health care programs were promised, very few were realized and they were not nearly comprehensive. The definition of unnecessary testing slowly expanded to mean virtually any high-cost test requiring the service of a medical specialist, and low priced generalist physicians with limited diagnostic and therapeutic skills were made available to patients with the instruction they should limit their access to high-cost specialists. Managed care organizations tended to re ward primary care physicians who avoided specialty referrals, and severed contracts with those who persisted in sending their patients to outside consultants. Most notoriously, managed care organizations maintained veto authority over the provision of complex and expensive care, and that veto was often wielded in defiance of a physician's recommendation by managed care employees without medical training or experience. Managed care did indeed slow the rate in increase of medical costs, but not without limitations on the care provided to patients and the professional integrity of physicians. Managed care organizations were so successful that they could provide extremely high salaries to their executives even in the context of limiting cost and care. It is these developments that the papers of this symposium addressed. The most fundamental ethical issue is posed in the first paper by Dr. |
Indhold
EUGENE V BOISAUBINEthical Dilemmas | 19 |
BARUCH A BRODY The AMAs Position on the Ethics | 41 |
ROBERT M SADE Medicine and Managed Care Morals | 55 |
GEORGE KHUSHFA Radical Challenge to the Traditional | 74 |
H TRISTRAM ENGELHARDT JR Managed Care and | 93 |
MARK A HALL The Ethics and Empirics of Trust 109 | 108 |
MARY ANN G CUTTEREthics of Managed Care | 127 |
DAVID R FLEISHER Care and Managed Care | 163 |
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Almindelige termer og sætninger
American Medical Association Aristotle bedside rationing behavior benefits Bioethics Bondeson Brody choice claim clinician commutative justice conflicts of interest context cost containment decisions distributive justice distrust doctors employers England Journal epikeia Ethics of Managed expensive fee-for-service financial incentives free market goal Hall Health Affairs health insurance health plans health professional healthcare HMOs hospitals human illness individual patient institutions Integrity and Patient Internal Medicine ISBN issues Jones Eds Journal of Medicine Kluwer Academic Publishers knowledge limits managed care organizations Medical Economics medical ethics Medicine and Philosophy merit trust moral Morreim organizational Patient Rights patient-physician relationship Pellegrino physician-patient relation physician-patient relationship physicians and patients practice primary profession Professional Integrity question reimbursement requires responsibility role S.F. Spicker Sade social society therapeutic Thomasma traditional treatment Tristram Engelhardt trust in physicians trustworthiness understanding University of Missouri-Columbia values virtue vulnerability Wall Street Journal York