10.) The origin of this people is not clearly known, but they probably descended from Ham.

EMMAUS, a village about eight miles north-east of Jerusalem, celebrated for the appearance of our Lord, after his resurrection, to two of the disciples. (Luke xxiv. 13.)___There was another place of this name at the hot-baths near Tiberias, called by the Greeks Ammaus, by the Hebrews Chammath, and by the modern Arabs, Hamman.

ENAM, a city in the tribe of Judah. Josh. xv. 34.

ENDOR, a city belonging to the tribe of Manasseh, west of Jordan, (Josh. xvii. 11.) where Saul went to consult a woman who had a familiar spirit. (1 Sam. xxviii. 13.) This place was four miles south of Mount Tabor.

EN-EGLAIM, a place near En-gedi. (Ezek. xlvii. 10.) Jerom says it was near the place where the river Jordan empties into the Dead Sea.

EN-GANNIM, the name of two cities: one belonging to the tribe of Judah, (Josh. xv. 34.) the other to Issachar, given to the Levites of Gershon's family. Josh. xxi. 29.

EN-GEDI, otherwise called Hazezon-tamar, a city in the tribe of Judah, situated in a hilly country about 30 miles south-east of Jerusalem, and not far from the Dead Sea. To the "strong holds" in the neighbourhood of this place, David retired to secure himself from the presence of Saul; and in a cave at this place he gave that jealous king a proof of his loyalty, when he had him so completely in his power as to cut off a part of his garment, but did him no further injury. (1 Sam. xxiv.) This cave was so large as to contain in its recesses the whole of David's men, 600 in number, unperceived by Saul when he entered. Many such caves exist in the Holy Land, which, being mountainous and rocky, abounds with caverns in different parts. Josephus tells us of a numerous gang of banditti, who, having infested the country, were pursued by the army of Herod, and retired into certain caverns in Galilee, almost inaccessible, where with great difficulty they were subdued. Into such caves the Israelites frequently retired for shelter from their enemies, (Judges vi. 2. 1 Sam. xiii. 6. and xiv. 11.) a circumstance which has afforded a fine image of terror and consternation to the prophets. Isa. ii. 19. Hosea x. 8. Rev. vi. 15, 16.

EN-HADDAH, a city belonging to the tribe of Issachar. Josh, xix. 21.

EN-HAKKORE, the well of him who cried; the name of the well which was miraculously opened to allay the thirst of Sampson, after he had slain a thousand Philistines with the jaw-bone of an ass. Judges xv. 19.

EN-HAZOR, a city of Naphtali. Josh. xix. 37.
EN-MISHPAT, See Kadesh.

ENOCH, the first city of which we read in Scripture, built by Cain probably not far from Eden; but its situation is not known.

ENON, the place where John baptized, "because there was much water there." (John iii. 23.) It was between Salim and Jordan, in the tribe of Manasseh, 53 miles-north-east from Jerusalem.

EN-ROGEL, another name for the fountain of Siloam, on the east of Jerusalem, at the foot of Mount Zion. It was on the border of Judah and Benjamin, and in the king's garden. 2 Sam. xvii. 17.

EPHESUS, a celebrated city of Ionia, in Asia Minor, situated upon the river Cayster, about five miles from its mouth, and 45 south of Smyrna. It was famous for a magnificent temple of Diana: the most noted and frequented of all the temples of that goddess, and reputed one of the seven wonders of the world. It was said to have been 425 feet long, 200 wide, and supported by 127 columns 60 feet high. This temple was set on fire on the night in which Alexander was born, by a man named Erostratus, in order to render his name immortal; but it was rebuilt with all its former magnificence.

St. Paul's preaching here created considerable alarm to the Ephesians, who were chiefly supported by the worship of this temple; knowing that with the fall of Paganism their city would suffer. This has come to pass: Ephesus and its temple have sunk together. The city is now a miserable Turkish village, and the ruins of the temple are scarcely found: the city is prostrate, and the goddess is gone.

Ephesus, in the apostolic age, was the capital of the proconsular Asia; which included all the western parts of Asia Minor. The city is now called by the Turks, Aiasoluc: the church of St. John still remains, and is converted into a Turkish mosque. Christianity was first planted in this city by St. Paul, who visited it on his first departure from Corinth, about A. D. 54. Here he taught during three years of his important life; and raised a church, which maintained its

Ephraim, a city on the border, between this tribe and Benjamin; eight miles north from Jerusalem, and not far from Bethel. This is thought by some to have been the place to which Jesus retired with his disciples. John xi. 54.

The Wood of Ephraim, in which Absalom's army was routed, and himself killed and buried, (2 Sam. xviii. 6, &c.) was on the east of Jordan, which Absalom and David had both passed over, (chap. xvii. 24.); and consequently could not be any wood in the tribe of Ephraim; but some forest east of Jordan, so named on some other account; possibly as lying opposite the tribe of Ephraim.

EPHRATAH, another name for Bethlehem.

EPHRON, a city beyond Jordan, taken and destroyed by Judas Maccabeus. 1 Macc. v. 46.

EPIPHANIA, a city of Syria, probably the same as Hamath. It stood on the Orontes, between Antioch and Apamea.

EPIRUS. a province of Greece, having Macedonia on the north, Thessaly east, and the Ionian Sea south-west.

ERECH, a city built by Nimrod. See Part I. p. 14.

ESDRAELON, a more modern name for the valley or plain of Jezreel in the tribe of Issachar.

ESHCOL, a fertile valley in the south of Canaan; from which the Hebrew spies carried a bunch of grapes, as a specimen of the fruit of the land. Numb. xiii. 23.

ESHTAOL, a town of Judah, given afterwards to the tribe of Dan.

ESHTEMOA, or Eshtemoth, a city in the south of the tribe of Judah, given to the Levites. Josh. xv. 50. xxi. 14. 1 Sam. xxx. 28.

ETAM, a city in the tribe of Judah, between Bethlehem and Tekoah. (2 Chron. xi. 6.) To the rock of Etam, Samson retired after having burned the harvest of the Philistines. (Judg. xv. 8.) From a noted spring near this place, water was brought by an aqueduct to Jerusalem.

ETHAM, one of the encampments of the Israelites in the wilderness. See Part I. p. 42.

ETHER, a city of Judah, afterwards given to Simeon. Josh.

xix. 7.

ETHIOPIA, See Cush.

EUPHRATES; the Hebrew name of this river is Phrath, or Perath; the Eu prefixed is a Greek particle implying excellence. It is written Euphrates in the New Testament; but in the Old, it is Perath.