with very little general pyrexia. The itching was relieved by cold, but aggravated by heat, warmth, and rubbing or scratching,'

101

Sleep.-Restless, sleepless nights, must move about in bed constantly, 101 Fever. The next day she felt, in the afternoon, chills and feverishness by turns, and general malaise,103.-Slight amount of pyrexia (in the fifth attack),103.-Head felt hot,10.

RICINUS.

Authority. 12, Lond. Med. Gaz., 1840-1, vol. ii, p. 739 (Amer. Hom. Obs., 1876, p. 78).

It has caused salivation,"

ROBINIA.

Authority. 8, Dr. Gendron, Ann. Clin. de Mont., 24, 68 (Journ. of Philad. Coll. of Pharm., 1834, p. 285), some schoolboys chewed the bark and swallowed the juice.

Lethargy,.-Vomiting,.-Slight convulsions,.

SALICINUM.

Authorities. 4, S. Ringer, M.D., and J. S. Burg, Journ. of Anat. and Phys., vol. xi, 1877, p. 595, observations on a boy, aged ten years; for the first three days he took no medicine, on the fourth day we gave Salicin in two doses, each of 30 grains, and on the next day a dose of 60 grains; 5, same, observations on a boy, aged nine years; his temperature was taken hourly in the rectum; for two days he took no medicine; on the next two days, he took Salicin in doses of 30 grains, at 10 and 11 A.M., 2, 3, 5, and 6 P.M.; the next day, same at 10 and 11 A.M., 12 m., 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 P.M.; 6, Dr. Wheeler quotes a case, Hom. Times, vol. vi, p. 27 (Organon, vol. i, 1878, p. 302), Dr. Nankivell, took 10 grains one afternoon.

Mind.-Dulness, so that he did not seem very well to understand questions (third day),.-Dulness and heaviness (in fifteen minutes),*. Head.-Giddiness,.-Headache (in twelve minutes),*. Eye.-[10.] Slight injection of conjunctiva,*.

Ear.-Tingling in the right ear (third day),.-Deafness (third day),". Face.-Face flushed and dull (second day),.-Flushing of the face (in twelve minutes),.-Slight tremor of the lips on speaking (third day),. Stomach.-Vomited twice (third day),.

Respiratory Organs.-Thick husky voice (third day),.-Breathing rather labored (third day),".-Grasping power weaker than before (third day),.

Superior Extremities.-[20.] Slight spasmodic movements of the upper limbs (third day),.-Trembling of hands when held out (third

day).5.

Inferior Extremities.-Slight jerks of the lower limbs when they are raised from the bed (third day),5.

Generalities.-Muscular twitches (in thirty-five minutes),.-Much

irritability of the muscles on percussion (third day),§.-Muscular weakness (in fifteen minutes),'.

Fever.-In the evening he had malaise and chilliness. He slept well at night, and awoke apparently well in the morning. By 10 A.M., he felt the malaise returning. There was headache, fugitive pains all over the body, with fever. At noon the temperature was over 101°. This continued all day. He slept well at night, and next day was well. About a month afterwards he brought on a less severe attack of the same kind with a similar dose,.—On the fourth day, after taking three observations, at intervals of a quarter of an hour, we gave by mouth, 30 grains of Salicin dissolved in water, at 9.45, and another 30-grain dose at 10.50. The medicine produced a decided, though slight effect on the temperature. Thus throughout the day the temperature remained more stationary than on nonSalicin days. After the first dose, there occurred a fall of 0.2° Fahr.; during the next hour it rose 0.4° in spite of second dose, and the maximum temperature of the day was attained at 11.40. Then instead of rising after dinner and tea, as on the previous non-Salicin days, it slowly and continuously declined, so that at 8 P.M., it had fallen 0.4°, then the diurnal variation commenced, and amounted to 1.7°. Thus the effect of the Salicin on this day was to lower the temperature 0.2°, and to prevent the rise after dinner and tea. Next (fifth) day, after three observations, we gave in one dose 60 grains of Salicin dissolved in 2 ounces of water, at 9.40 A.M. The temperature from this time gradually fell, reaching its maximum fall of 0.8° at 11 A.M.; it then rose and had recovered itself at 12 M., and between 12 M. and 5 P.M., it rose 0.3°; the evening fall then began and amounted to 1.70°. There was no rise after dinner, and only 0.2° after tea. Thus, on this day, the effect was a fall of 0.8°, lasting about two hours, and no rise after food. The amount of diurnal variation was unaffected on both Salicin days,.-On the first day the temperature rose between 9 A.M. and 1 P.M. 0.9° Fahr., and then slowly fell; the diurnal variation apparently beginning about 6 P.M., and amounting to 2.9° Fahr. Next day, also with Salicin, the course of the temperature was very singular. It remained pretty stationary from 9 A.M. till 1 P.M., and then fell 1°, remaining about this point till 9 P.M., and again fell 1.6; the diurnal variation amounting to 2.3°. Next day, the first on which Salicin was given, the temperature fell after the dose of 30 grains, 0.4° in one hour and a half, and remained depressed for about three hours, and then rose to its original height in spite of the continuance of the medicine. The evening fall began at 7.30 P.M., and the diurnal variation amounted to 1.9° Fahr. The only effect, therefore, of the Salicin, was very slight and temporary depression of the temperature, not maintained by the continuance of the medicine, and the diuinal fall was not quite so great as on the two previous days, though within the limits of the variation of health. Next day, when 3 drachms of Salicin, in divided doses, was given, the temperature was not even temporarily depressed; in fact, it rose 0.6° between 9 A.M. and 1 P.M., and then slowly fell 0.3° till 3.30 P.M. The evening fall began between 7 and 8 P.M., and the diurnal variation amounted to 1.5°. Next day, with very marked symptoms, though without Salicin, the temperature ran the same course: rising gradually from 9 A.M. till 1 P.M., and after 4 P.M. slowly falling till 12 P.M.; the daily variation amounting to only 0.9°. On these two days the only apparent effect was to lessen the diurnal range, with a very slight increase in the maximum temperature of the day; and, strange to say, these effects were marked most on the day following the

large doses of Salicin. Next day, temperature pretty stationary, varying only 0.2° from 9 A.M. till 6 P.M., and then fell; the diurnal variation . amounting to 1.8°,5.

SALIX NIGER.

Salix niger, L.

Natural order, Salicace.

Common name, Black willow.

Authority. E. D. Wright, M.D., Amer. Hom. Obs., 1875, p. 177, took ounce tincture in a day.

Gums sore (first day).-Looseness of the bowels (first day).-Muscles sore and lame (second day).—Skin on the temples sore to the touch (second day).-Disposition to lie down and sleep (second day).—Fever (second

day).

SALICYLIC ACID.

Authorities. 4, Dr. Balz, Archiv. der Heilk, I, 1877 (Med. Record, vol. xiii, 1877, p. 72), general effects on patients; 5, Dr. H. L. Chase, New Eng. Med. Gaz., vol. xii, 1877, p. 564, effects of the crude and 3d dec.; 6, Dr. Squire, Brit. Med. Journ,, April, 1877, p. 428, general effects; 7, Dr. Wheeler, quotes a case, Hom. Times, vol. vi, p. 27 (Organon, vol. i, 1878, p. 302), Dr. Allshorn, took 10-grain doses of the acid, every four hours, for acute rheumatism; 8, Goullon, A. H. Z., 97, p. 68, a strong healthy man, suffering from gout, took Salicylic acid in large doses, which relieved the gout, but produced a series of interesting symptoms.

The unpleasant nervous symptoms, such as tinnitus aurium, deafness, delirium, and mania, which sometimes supervene during its employment, usually disappear spontaneously, and are not dangerous,.-First, he was taken with confusion of the head, a reeling sensation like vertigo. The patient expressed it as a sensation one might experience on rising suddenly after lying a long time. This soon became associated with acoustic symptoms. The patient thought he heard music; the sensation repeatedly woke him from sleep. Soon he compared these illusions to a swarm of bees or the buzzing of flies. At this time he broke into a copious perspiration, with red urine depositing a copious sediment. After three or four days, he complained of violent constant pressure in the abdomen, with a feeling of incarcerated flatus. The seat of this distressing pressure at one time was at the side of the navel, in the hypochondrium, at another rather lower down, in the lower abdomen. Associated with it was constipation, for several days. After taking the remedy he had no natural stool. Not the least important was a firmly seated pressure at the side of the sternum, as large as the hand, with a feeling as if the bone were sore. Another symptom was a bitter bilious taste, which he could not get rid of,.-Buzzing sensation in the interior of brain, as if blood were forced violently through a contracted vessel,.-Slight burning in throat, as from pepper, after each dose,.-It has a slight tendency to produce constipation,.-40.] It is readily found in the urine after its administration in rheumatic fever,. -From doses of 5 grains of the crude drug he got no marked symptoms; but from doses of the 3d decimal attenuation he experienced soreness and pain in right deltoid and right gastrocnemius, changing on the next day to

the left wrist and forearm. There was some soreness to touch, and great soreness on moving the limb. No heat. The succeeding day the same pain upon the palmar surface of the left forefinger; when the pain appeared in one part it disappeared in the part previously painful,.

SAPONINUM.

Authority. 20, Dr. Keppler, Berlin Klin. Woch., Nos. 32, 33, 34, 1878 (Med. Record, vol. xv, 1879, p. 153).

In each experiment he injected 0.1 gram of Saponin into the inner side of his left thigh. The immediate local effect was development of a cutaneous inflammation resembling erysipelas, but much more painful. This inflammation increased in violence for twenty-four hours, remained stationary for the same length of time, and then diminished rapidly. The general symptoms produced by this violent local irritation were the same as would be excited by any very painful injection. The specific local effects of the Saponin, anesthesia of the point of injection to other irritants, set in about fifteen minutes after the injection, and persisted less than fifteen minutes. The area of the anesthesia was identical with that of the paleness caused by the injected solution, i. e., it extended as far as the Saponin solution spread in the subcutaneous tissue, and bathed directly the ends of the nerves. Of the specific general effects of the drug the most important was undoubtedly its action on the temperature. This rose steadily for three hours, and then fell gradually to the normal point, which it reached within twenty-four hours. For the next two days there was some fever, but on the fifth day the temperature was far below the normal point, reaching the collapse point of 93°. The pulse also was somewhat elevated the first three days, and fell on the fifth day to 65 per minute. The rise in the temperature during the first three days was evidently due to the violent local inflammation, and it would have been much more excessive had it not been for the specific depressing action of the drug on the pulse and temperature; this manifested itself in its full power on the fifth day, after the local inflammation had subsided. Other general effects of the drug were, marked bodily and mental depression, somnolence, and salivation. The pain, exophthalmus, and strabismus of the left eye, and the greater depression of the temperature on the left side (24° on the fifth day), must be ascribed to direct alteration of the nerve-centres, while the pain in the knee and hip, and the swelling of the glands in the left groin, were evidently due to direct transmission of inflammation,20.

SANTONINUM.

Addition by Berridge, in a letter to the editor.

"In your Encyclopedia you quote Hubbard's recent case of poisoning by Santonin. As the side was not specified, I send the following from Hubbard."

"It was the left side that was affected, and the left cheek that was red, and was equally red all the time. The swelling commenced nearly under the centre of the chin, spreading each way, but more particularly towards the left parotid gland." (See 44, in Vol. VIII.)

Authorities. 45, Binz, Rundschan, May, 1876 (New Eng. Med. Gaz.,

vol. xi, p. 513), a child, aged two years, took 13 grains; 46, C. Cuthbert, M.D., Lancet, 1877 (1), p. 337, a girl, aged eighteen years, took 4 grains, for worms.

In twenty or thirty minutes after taking the medicine she was seized with giddiness, intense headache, and every object appeared to her of a bright green color, "-[170.] Great interference with the breathing,".Violent convulsions, beginning in the face and extending to the extremities,15.

SARRACENIA.

Authorities. 5, Dr. George H. Bute, Hahn. Month., vol. ii, 1867, p. 424, partial proving; 6, F. G. Oehme, M.D., ibid., vol. xi, 1876, p. 535.

Age, thirty-five years; great sensitiveness of skin, frequent itching, liability to diarrhoea; piles occasionally. Good health generally. I am not a good subject for proving, as drugs cause but a few symptoms.

Took, several times a day, a few drops of the 1st dec. dil., for a number of days.

Mind.-Want of memory,".

Head.-[390.] Dull feeling in the head as if stunned or stupefied,.Dull pain in the head as if benumbed,.-Twelve hours after taking (the medicine), a sudden stroke (paralysis) from the right side of the head downwards to the right shoulder, and subsequent feeling of crawling, paralysis, and numbness in the shoulder and arm,3.-Soon after taking (the medicine), headache and want of recollection, with numbness of the arms and weakness of the lower limbs on going upstairs; then a sudden shock through the head like an electric stroke, after which the senses feel as if paralyzed,.-Pain in the forehead, with stitches above the eyes,.- Dull pain in the back of the head, in the evening in bed,3.

Ear. By drawing the lower jaw towards the left side, a feeling arises as if the air streamed into the right ear, with whistling therein,.

Throat.-A feeling of pressing inward at the pit of the throat, accompanied by headache,.-Just after taking (the medicine), a cramplike pressure about the lower part of the œsophagus, as if the medicine remained sticking there,".

Abdomen.-Pain in the umbilical region,.-[400.] Frequently sensation of considerable pressure in the stomach, lasting once for several hours; sensation of fulness in the abdomen, with slight pain in various places, as if caused by flatulency. In a small place in the lower part of the abdomen, a little above the cavity inguinalis, very often a sensation as if a hernia would protrude; sometimes so marked that I examined the place to see if there were any signs of something coming out (I have an incomplete inguinal hernia on the left side, which, however, never caused any trouble or inconvenience). Sensation in the anus as if a stool would come. The same symptoms appeared during a second proving with the 2d dilution, soon after the first proving. Besides these symptoms, bowels irregular, costive. After the close of the proving, bowels very regular. Every morning this call must be answered very soon. During the third proving, a week later, I took the 3d dilution several times a day for several days, whereupon the following symptoms appeared: Slight pain in the bowels as if from flatulency. Costiveness. On various places on the abdomen, a sensation as if a hernia would occur; it felt as if the intestines wanted to come out on a small place; the feeling was very distinct and