-Respiration stertorous, 10. to the minute,.-Stertorous breathing,".[730.] Stertorous breathing was strongly marked, in fact, the patient ceased to breathe, the interval being lengthened out one-fourth of a minute or nearly so,.-Breathing was stertorous, irregular, and very slow, not more than two respirations in a minute,93.-Respiration stertorous and feeble, so much so that he breathed but four times a minute (five hours after second dose),.-Breathing stertorous; at times arrested for a minute (after six hours),-Breathing peculiar to the last stage of Opium poisoning,".Respiration suspended,.

Heart and Pulse.-Circulation full but slow,".-Strong and frequent pulse,".-Pulse 130 and feeble,-Pulse 120 and of moderate strength,[740.] Pulse 110,8-Pulse 80, moderately full (after six hours),-Pulse 80 and soft,".-Pulse full and slightly excited (after three hours),.-Pulse 60 (after three hours),".-Pulse feeble and irregu lar (five hours after second dose),".-A slow, laboring pulse,".-The pulse was intermittent, and so weak as to be almost imperceptible at the wrists, and there was a fluttering movement observable on both sides of the neck,93. -Pulseless,96.

Inferior Extremities. -Gait staggering,.-[750.] Lower extremities deficient in sensibility and lying motionless (after three hours),"1. Generalities.-Very much emaciated,".-Some half dozen slight convulsions,.-Convulsions,".-Frightful convulsions, 6-After half an hour a sensation of thickening and stiffening of the muscles of the back of the neck, which soon extended to the flexor muscles of all the limbs, and which continued until the morbid action was broken in upon. This was not a condition of rigidity such as obtains in cramps, but subject to volition, and was rather of that feeling that we imagine would be experienced in a paroxysm of catalepsy could the patient be made sensible of the movements of his limbs,".--The child was under the influence of the Morphia; perfectly limber, for seven hours,.-Suddenly collapsed (four hours after second powder),".-Considerable degree of prostration and apathy,". -A few hours of lassitude, after the sound sleep,".-[760.] By keeping slightly under its influence, it is a perfect antidote against taking cold,.

Skin.-Livid,"-Skin about face, neck, chest, arms, and hands had a cyanotic appearance (five hours after second dose),".-Skin yellow and shrivelled up,.-Finger-nails dark (five hours after second dose),.-About a minute and a half after the operation a small pimple, with a diffuse rosy areola and slightly itching, is observed. In about twenty minutes the pimple becomes about four lines in diameter and one line in thickness; it is flattened. Its color is somewhat more than that of the skin, it is hard, its areola is very red, and about an inch and a half in diameter; its heat has increased, but the sensation of itching remains about the same. During the first hour the pimple and its areola are at their highest degree of development; from this time the appearances diminish, and at the end of two or three hours the red color of the skin has entirely disappeared, the pimple has become very flat, but it does not entirely disappear, until from twelve to twenty-four hours after the operation. If several punctures are made near each other, in the same manner, the appearances of the pimples are as above described, but the areola are confluent; the heat and itching are considerably increased. The appearances, however, disappear in the same manner as when a single puncture is made,.-Rash beginning on the face spread itself over the entire body, quickly extending from the face to the neck, trunk, and lower extremities; so strongly did it resemble

measles, at least in having the crescentic arrangement, that it had been pronounced such by another medical man; the discontinuance of the cause was followed by a speedy resolution of the seeming exanthem, and next day there was little trace of the eruption,.-Intolerable itching of the skin (after three hours), 9-Itching and pricking of the skin intolerable,.--Considerable pricking of the skin,".

Sleep.-[770.] Frequent yawnings,".-Excessive drowsiness, "falling asleep, even while she was speaking,".-Invincible desire to sleep,".-The tendency to sleep increased somewhat for a time, and twice fell asleep, though constantly talked to, but was soon aroused (after three hours),".Would sleep even when standing up, if those supporting him did not keep him constantly in motion,.-Profoundly asleep, could not be aroused (five hours after second dose),".-Profound sleep; if left to herself she quickly fell into a state of profound stupor, and lost all consciousness, not breathing more than once in forty-six seconds (after five hours and a half),.— Profound somnolence for eighteen hours; partial somnolence between two hours and a half and three hours and a half,93.

86

Fever.—Skin cold (after six hours), 6-Skin cool; feet quite cold (after three hours),".-[780.] Skin pale, rather cool, and bathed with perspiration,.-Extremities cold,".-Hot and dry skin,".-Skin warm and moist,.-If he deferred the habitual dose beyond a certain number of hours, perspiration came on, and his system felt relaxed,".-Body bathed with cold perspiration (five hours after second dose),.-Surface of face, scalp, and hands loaded with large beads of cold perspiration, which, about the nose and mouth, coalesced and trickled down upon the bed-linen,.Clammy sweat over the whole surface,.

MUSCARIN

An "alkaloid" from Agaricus muscarius, L.

--

Authority. S. Ringer, M.D., Lancet, 1877 (2), p. 198, thirteen experiments on four men, seven, three, two, and one each respectively; grain given hypodermically.

of a

Eye.-Lachrymation occurred in eight cases, amounting in some instances only to suffusion of the eyes, but generally the tears trickled down the face, so that the patient was obliged to wipe the eyes. It began in six to ten minutes, and lasted generally about twenty to thirty minutes. In each case the pupils became contracted, often considerably; the contraction beginning in about fifteen minutes. The vision seemed unaffected.

Mouth.-Salivation was not so constant as perspiration; moreover, the saliva varied in quantity more than the perspiration. Salivation occurred in eleven experiments, and was absent in four. In three it was slight, in the rest free or profuse. It began in from two to fifteen minutes, and lasted from twenty to eighty minutes.

Stomach. In three experiments on one man with the larger doses, the drug induced vomiting once and once nausea.

Stool.-In the cases in which it purged, the injection took effect in from ten to twenty minutes. In two experiments the drug excited an inclination. to pass a motion. In four experiments on the same man it produced a loose motion, one of a green color, though his bowels were opened naturally a short time previously.

Urinary Organs.-In five experiments the patients were obliged

to pass urine in from nine to fifteen minutes, and two complained of suprapubic pain.

Respiratory Organs.—In five it produced a frequent hacking

cough.

Pulse.—In one of our four men the pulse was always very quick, in the other three it was natural. The effect on the normal frequency was nil, though in one man it reduced the frequency ten to sixteen beats.

a

Ferer. Sweating occurred in eleven of the thirteen experiments. grain made it free, whilst larger doses, as of a grain and a grain, rendered it very abundant; indeed, it was sometimes as free as the perspiration excited by a to a grain of Pilocarpin. The perspiration stood in large drops on the face after the larger doses, the nightdress became soaked, and the skin felt sodden. Perspiration began in from three to fifteen minutes, occurring earliest after the larger doses. It lasted from half an hour to an hour and a half. On testing the reaction of the sweat in six experiments, we found it neutral in four and alkaline in two.

NAJA.

Authorities. 46, Fr. Seevwright, Lond. and Edinb. M. and S. J., March, 1842, p. 257, a child, æt. four years, was bitten on the foot by a cobra manille; 47, Lancet, 1859 (2), p. 13, woman was bitten on the arm by a cobra.

Pulse imperceptible at the wrist, ptosis and paralysis of the iris, with profuse diarrhoea; purple sordes on the lips, gums, and tongue,".-Breathing stertorous and difficult; pupils slightly dilated; skin clammy and disagreeably cold; languid, thready, and rapid pulse,".

NAPHTHA.

Authority. Lancet, 1856 (2), p. 230, G. H., æt. twelve years, drank some. Insensible.-Eyes had a glassy appearance, and pupils were much contracted.-Countenance sallow.-Frothing at the mouth.-Gasping for breath. Complete loss of muscular power.-Skin claminy.

NARCISSUS, PSEUDO-NARCISSUS.

Narcissus, Pseudo-Narcissus, L.

Natural order, Amaryllidaceæ.
Common name, Daffodil.

Authorities. Sidney Ringer, M.D., Journ. of Phys., vol. i, 1878-9, p. 437; (1 to 6, experiments with the alkaloid from flowering bulbs); 1, a small quantity of a solution of the sulphate of the alkaloid (strength, 1 in 5 of water) was dropped into the eye; 2, a woman, æet. eighteen years, received grain sulphate by hypodermic injection in the arm; 2 a, same experiment repeated after two days; 3, effects of topical application to the eye; 4, injected hypodermically grain into a woman, æt. nineteen years; 5, another case; 6, injected hypodermically grain into a man, æt. thirtynine years; (7 to 9, experiments with the alkaloid from bulbs that had flowered); 7, a man, æt. forty years, took grain nitrate (first day);

grain (second day); 1 grain (third day); 14 grain (fourth day); 2 grains (fifth day); 24 grains (seventh day); 23 grains (eighth day); 3 grains (ninth day); 4 grains (tenth day); 8, same, afterwards took grain every two hours for two days, and on the third day took 1 grain every two hours; 9, effects of topical application to eye; 10, a man took 12 minims of a solution of the flowered bulbs; 11, same, took 4 grains alkaloid; 12, effects of 12 minims.

Head.-Frontal headache, in the evening (first day),2.

Eye. Slight running at the eyes (fourth day),.-Pupils a little dilated. (second day),.-The pupil very shortly became widely dilated. This experiment was repeated on another person with the same result,'.-Pupils contracted (in fifteen minutes); rather dilated (in thirty minutes),.-Pupils decidedly contracted (in nine minutes),".-Pupils slightly contracted (seventh and ninth days),'; (fourth day),8.

Mouth.-[10.] Mouth became moister in four minutes, and so continued for fifteen minutes, 10-Slight increase of the saliva without spitting, which passed off after the fourth dose,.-Salivation (one and a half ounces),". Slight salivation (in ten minutes); more marked (in one hour), (fourth day),'.-Free salivation, spat about an ounce of saliva (in eight minutes, fifth day),'.-In seventeen minutes free salivation occurred, and in the course of the following half hour he spat an ounce and a half of very ropy saliva (seventh day),.-Salivation to the extent of an ounce of thick ropy saliva (eighth day),.-Spat an ounce of saliva (ninth day),'. -Spat an ounce and a half of saliva (tenth day),'.

Throat.-Dryness of the throat (in twenty-five minutes),2.

Stomach.-[20.] Hiccough (fifth day),.-Slight hiccough, sinking and faint feeling (seventh day),'.-Heartburn (fifth day),.-Sickness,".Felt sick (in twenty minutes); vomited with a slight amount of retching (in thirty and forty minutes),".-Felt a little sick, with a sinking sensation at the epigastrium (after one hour, second day),.—Some sinking at the epigastrium, with slight nausea and hiccough (fourth day),.-Sinking sick sensation (fifth day),.-Sinking feeling (eighth and ninth days),'.—Rumbling in the stomach (first and second days),.