family were poisoned by 10 per cent. Carbonate of baryta, with a minute quantity of the sulphate of Baryta in meal.

The family consisted of two parents, daughter, and friend; also a dog and canary bird ate some. The bird died in five minutes; immediately afterwards the dog was taken with violent diarrhoea, and fifteen minutes after the four human beings became sick, the woman being seized with violent diarrhoea. There was paleness, accompanied by a peculiar sensation of tension in the skin. The three women drank some milk, but immediately vomited, after which they felt relieved. The father of the family experienced only rumbling in the bowels; he did not take milk till about 10 P.M.; this was followed by vomiting, with diarrhoea, and the next morning, at 4 o'clock, on attempting to go to the closet, he fell to the ground with symptoms of collapse. In the morning the vomiting and diarrhoea ceased, but gave place to paralysis, extending from below upward, so that at 10 o'clock he could only nod his head. At 2 o'clock the physician found the face red, speech difficult, loss of voluntary motion of the arms and feet, sensation intact; reflex irritation increased; sphincters normal; respiration rapid, with tracheal râles; sensorium free. Pulse and temperature normal. No pain, not even in the stomach. At 9 P.M., the patient died, though he had eaten no more tarts than the other members of the family. The post-mortem showed a most remarkably dark color of the gray substance of the brain. An apparently perfectly normal condition of the intestinal tract and of the stomach. Experiments upon birds with the food showed poisonous action, for the birds became unsteady upon their feet, made irregular movements with their wings, and fell down dead. A dog, after eating 20 grams of the tart, was taken after two hours and a half, with a violent but transient diarrhoea,26.

BARYTA MURIATICA.

Authority. 10, Prof. A. T. Thomson (Journal of Science, vol. iv), Lancet, 1836-7 (2), p. 423, a girl swallowed an ounce.

The instant she swallowed the solution she exclaimed that she was on fire; vomitings, convulsions, pain in the head, and complete deafness supervened; and death occurred within an hour,1o.

BELLADONNA.

Authorities. (242 to 254, from Dr. Dufresne's collection, Bib. Hom., vol. i, 1833, p. 319.) 242, Wade, Lond. Med. Journ., 1827; 243, Ramve, Act. Reg. Soc. Med. Havn., vol. ii, p. 346; 244, Jolly, Nouv. Bib. Med., 1828, effects of 44 grains of the extract; 245, Dufresne's observations; 246, Darlac, Journ. de Med. de Vandermond, 1759; 247, Smith, Journ. de Chim. Med., 1827, poisoning by the berries; 248, Munnicks, Bib. Ther., 1823, poisoning of seven children; 249, Strecker, Rust's Mag., vol. xxv, 1828, effects of a solution of the extract rubbed into the skin with oil, in a woman in labor; 250, Brandis, Archiv, vol. xxviii, p. 52; 251, Lemercier; 252, Hecker's Annals; 253, Kentel, Hufeland's Journ.; 254, Remer, ibid., vol. x; 255 (Nouv. Biblioth. Med.), Lancet, 1828-9 (1), p. 45, a man, aged forty-six, swallowed 44 grains of the powder; 256, Lancet, 1846 (2), p. 251, a man ate a tart made of the berries; 257, ibid., effect on

a child; 258, Pharm. Journ., vol. vi, 1847, p. 174, a man, aged thirtyfour years, and a child, aged three years, ate a pie made of the berries; 259, Dr. Lyman, Bost. Med. and Sur. Journ., vol. lv, 1856, p. 451, a woman, aged twenty-nine, wore a Bell. plaster for several days; 260, Wm. Jenner, M.D., Med. Times and Gaz., 1856 (2), p. 513, a man applied a Bell. plaster to his back, which was covered with pustules; 261, James Seaton, Med. Times and Gaz., 1859 (2), p. 551, poisoning of ten persons by the berries; 262, Dr. Golding, Laucet, 1859 (2), p. 560, a boy, aged ten years, swallowed a mixture of extract with water; 263, ibid., a boy, aged ten years, took a teaspoonful of the undiluted tincture; 264, Dr. H. Thompson, Lancet, 1859 (2), p. 561, poisoning of a child, aged seven years, by the extract; 265, Geo. W. Quimby, Bost. Med. and Surg. Journ., vol. Ivii, 1857, p. 389, took nearly a teaspoonful of the pure extract in its pasty state, in two-thirds of a tumbler of water; 266, G. T. Evans, M.D., Brit. Med. Journ., 1861, p. 305, a girl, aged nine years, ate four berries; 267, Dr. Frazer, Lancet, 1865 (2), p. 536, a girl, aged eighteen years, applied the extract to her breasts; 268, H. Taylor, M.D., Brit. Med. Journ., 1869 (2), p. 555, a young man swallowed about a drachm of the extract dissolved in half a teacupful of warm water; 269, Dr. Beddoe, Lancet, 1870 (2), p. 83, a woman, aged sixty-six, swallowed about a teaspoonful of Bell. liniment; 270, Chas. W. Parsons, M.D., Bost. Med. and Surg. Journ., vol. lxxxvi, 1872, p. 384, a boy, aged four years, took within one hour and three-quarters, 6 grains of extract; 271, Sharps's Essays, 1874, p. 770; 272, Dr. S. Ringer, Lancet, 1876 (1), p. 347, a man, aged sixty-four years, drank about 2 drachms of liniment; 273, ibid., a girl, aged four years, drank over an ounce ; 274, Dr. A. Colton, U. S. Med. Invest., New Series, vol. iv, 1876, p. 314, poisoning of six children by the berries; 275, ibid., p. 315, a girl, aged two years, drank about one-fourth of a glass of water containing 4 drops of tincture; 276, John Meredith, M.D., Brit. Med. Journ., 1876 (2), p. 678, a woman, aged fifty years, swallowed some liniment; 277, H. L. Horton, M.D., Phila. Med. and Surg. Rep., vol. xxxiv, 1876, p. 464, an infant swallowed 45 grains of extract; 278, H. F. Smith, M.D., Brit. Med. Journ., 1877 (1), p. 259, a man, aged seventy, with commencing orchitis, applied a liniment on lint to the scrotum; 279, Dr. Thomas, Am. Journ. of Obs., 1877, p. 298, poisoning of a woman from the application of the extract to a rigid os; 280, Alfred Cooper, Brit. Med. Journ., 1877 (1), p. 164, poisoning of a man from the application of the extract to the scrotum; 281, J. D. Whitley, M.D., Chicago Med. Journ. and Exam., vol. xxxv, 1877, p. 271, a child, aged three years and a half, swallowed a teaspoonful of extract; 282, J. N. Smith, M.D., Med. Rec., vol. xii, 1877, p. 397, for an attack of trifacial neuralgia, took grain of alcoholic extract, thrice daily; 283, F. A. Burrall, M.D., Med. Rec., vol. xii, 1877, p. 431, Mrs. W., applied a Bell. plaster upon her right side; 284, John Dewar, Lancet, 1878 (1), p. 18, a woman inserted a pessary containing 2 grains of Bell. into her vagina; 285, E. L. Parks, Bost. Med. and Surg. Journ., vol. xcviii, 1878, p. 551, a man, aged twenty-eight years, took 1 drachm of extract at 2 P.M., and 14 drachms at 4 P.M.

Mind. — Delirium,248 249.- Great delirium, with lucid intervals,249. Wildly delirious, but quite fantastic, almost hysterical, laughing wildly and crying, and not at all conscious; pupils widely dilated; he evidently saw visions, as in delirium tremens, for he was constantly grasping and picking at imaginary objects; the odor of Belladonna was strong from his hands and feet; quite blind, and stared vacantly,.-Violently agitated,

throwing his limbs about, groaning and moaning. Apparently unconscious, and did not speak, nor attempt to do so. These symptoms continued for an hour and a half without intermission. He then became comatose, and so continued till his death,268.-After three hours she was very delirious, talking fast, and throwing about her arms in an excited but feeble way; her pupils were widely dilated and insensible to light; her pulse was 126. Three-quarters of an hour later she was very restless, tossing about the bed, picking at the bedclothes, and throwing about her arms in a meaningless way, but partially conscious of what was said to her. A "calabarized disc" was placed in one eye (the left); in about twenty minutes the left pupil had contracted to a pin's point, the right pupil remaining widely dilated and insensible to light; the eyes continued thus till death, which occurred sixteen hours after taking the poison,209.-[2550.] He was quite delirious, the delirium being of a mild vagarious or fantastic character. He could neither hear nor speak plainly, and labored under hallucinations, but was otherwise unconscious. The pupils were widely dilated, and the eyes had a staring look. At first he complained of pain in his throat and of imperfect sight, objects appearing white to him. His pulse was feeble, and almost countless. Urine small in quantity for the first twenty-four hours, 262-The symptoms were similar to those in case one, with the addition of a flushed face, more active delirium, the grasping at imaginary objects and picking of the clothes being also much more marked,263-Immediately after the second draught he walked out, and noticed at once dimness of vision, dryness of mouth and throat, constriction of fauces, a feeling as if the tongue was enormously swollen, dulness of intellect, and weakness of knees, with want of muscular co-ordination. Having reached his room at 6 P.M., two hours after second dose, he became alarmed at his symptoms, called his landlord to his assistance. The patient was running up and down the room, drinking large draughts of water, upsetting pitchers, and in danger of falling. Medical aid was summoned at once. It was noticed at this time that the tongue was very red, and the secretion of urine increased. There were hallucinations like those of delirium tremens, disagreeable, vanishing instantly, and immediately after their departure the patient was aware of their unreality. The yellow corpse of a tall man, shrouded in white, tried to share the patient's bed with him, and the unwelcome visitor was promptly ejected. A crimson serpent came from the foot of the bed, with the design of fastening upon the patient's neck. Rising to his knees, he with his fist drove the serpent's head deep into the bed, and instantly the apparition vanished. He asked his attendant (for he was practically blind) if the blanket had a red border to account for the hallucination. There were large sea-turtles about the room, such as he had seen in the Pacific. After an hour or two of sleep in the early morning the delusions became agreeable, and continued all day. While riding out in the afternoon with a medical friend, trees became personified to him as people in fantastic costume. In the morning there was severe pain in both renal regions, which he partially relieved by pressure with his fists, the elbows planted in the bed, and the body raised in that way quite off the mattress. Further details are given derived from medical attendants. The delirium was "most busy." "most busy." Picking things from the bedclothes, rising in bed to gather things from the pictures and walls, muttering to himself, he had little time to notice those about him. Great mental and physical prostration, sleeplessness, and pain in the left kidney followed the accident,285.-He was very restless and noisy. He was con

tinually getting in and out of bed, and talking loudly and incoherently to imaginary persons, who, as he said, were trying to take away his bedclothes. He complained of faintness, and of soreness and dryness of the throat, and pain across the forehead. He had vomited once and had been several times to the water-closet. He said his sight was all right, but evidently did not know what he was saying. Temperature 98.5; pulse 140, very weak. The skin was moist; the face flushed. The pupils were widely dilated and quite insensible to light,280.-All but two had delirium of a busy, restless, vivid character, but generally rather pleasing than otherwise. The patients appeared to think that they were pursuing their ordinary occupations; one boy appeared eager in flying a kite; another pulled tables and chairs about, thinking he was working in a coal pit; while the woman appeared remarkably busy with her ordinary household duties. All their movements were of a quick excited character, strikingly resembling delirium tremens. In none of the cases in which delirium was present were the symptoms alleviated until sleep was obtained; and after sleep, the patients felt comparatively well,261.-General excitement. This was followed by giddiness, a feeling of intoxication, and a disposition to quarrel, laugh, and talk. The pulse became accelerated, and the mind filled with hallucinations, which increased to a state of absolute madness. This state lasted from one to twelve hours, and was then succeeded by one of insensibility, somewhat similar to that of a person in the last state of intoxication. In the fatal cases, this state lasted to the end,258.-She began to snatch at objects on the floor and elsewhere, which objects only existed in her own fancy. These visionary phenomena were, by her talk, found to be chiefly articles of work and various insects, beetles, flies, etc. (after five hours). As evening came on, she became nearly blind, restless to an inordinate degree, excessively and loudly talkative, incoherent and unmeaning in her words, which almost wholly, along with the movements of her hands, betokened a concern in her employment, or some immediate interest in her brothers and sisters who were not present. The tongue became somewhat dry, thick frothy mucus adhering to its sides. The skin was still more hot, and the pulse as high as 120. The delirium from this time rapidly increased; at one time expressive of great joy, at another great terror, 266--What was particularly observable in this case was a great deal of exhilaration or flow of spirits; a marked stimulation of the brain. The child did everything in a hurry, and saw the bright side, rather than the dark one, of what was observed. The Belladonna was taken about 4 P.M. The greatest amount of excitement or stimulation showed itself between 7 and 8 P.M., and it was fully 11 P.M. before she could be quieted so as to fall into a disturbed sleep,25-Appeared dazed, and was ignorant of what had occurred, like one who had had an epileptic attack (second day),278. Seems to see birds flying past and wishes to follow them,".-[2560.] She moved her hands as though she wished to seize something".-His speech is disconnected,247.-Rage and convulsions, with grinding of the teeth," Laughs in the most extraordinary manner,".-Laughing and talking alternately,.-Constant loquacious delirium, he talks without cessation of the pains at the neck of the bladder,".-Taciturnity,".-Remarkable loquacity,.-Extreme anguish and agitation,2".-A few minutes after eating the tart he became drowsy, his lethargy soon increased, his countenance changed color, and the pupils of his eyes became dilated; had a strange coppery taste in mouth; staggered on going upstairs, and fell down insensible.

248

He subsequently became delirious, and was very rough. His con

tortions were dreadful. He attempted to strike his wife in his delirium, and when he recovered a little, said he was sorry, and asked her to kiss him, 256-2570.] Comatose condition, in which she died (one case),261.

243

Head.-Confusion of head,200.-Vertigo,242 261-Vertigo, with malaise," -On getting off the couch she was noticed to be giddy and confused (after five hours),2-Instability of the body, without vertigo,246.-Heaviness of the head, 2-Pain in head,.-Violent headache, particularly in the orbital region, accompanied by extreme redness of the eyes and face; the redness gradually extended over the whole body, and after a few minutes the whole skin was as red as in scarlet fever,244.

Eye.-Eyes sunken,22-[2580.] Eyes haggard and brilliant,"". ".-Lids widely separated,2.-Pain in eyeballs, which felt as if starting from their sockets, 26-Pupil. Pupil dilated, 258 260 278-Extreme dilatation of the pupils, with sensitiveness, 4.-Pupils widely dilated while the delirium continued,261.—Pupils greatly dilated, not contracting in ordinary light, and very moderately contracting in full sunlight (after two hours and a quarter),-Pupils insensible,27-One drop of the tincture was added to ninety-nine drops of water, and the right eye was rubbed in the usual way, but no effect was perceived. Afterwards one drop of tincture was added to nine drops of water, and this was applied in the same manner, again no effect was noticed; then a drop was added to four drops of water, and applied; this experiment succeeded, a perceptible contraction of the pupil was noticed. Some months later the last-mentioned experiment was repeated at noon. Two drops of tincture were added to eight of water. Small portions of this dilution were rubbed over the eye at intervals during half an hour. At the end of this time the pupil was slightly contracted, it was less than that of the other eye. Afterwards the remainder was rubbed over the same eye, at intervals during another half hour; a slight dilatation of this pupil was noticed, it was larger than the other. dilatation afterwards increased considerably, and had not disappeared on the following morning,.-Vision. Weakness of vision; it is difficult to distinguish letters, and he is obliged to hold the paper at a greater distance than ordinarily,26-[2590.] Indistinctness of vision, 26-Disturbance of vision; all objects seemed bordered with yellow,25-Disturbance of vision wholly confined to the right pupil, which was widely dilated, not responding in the least to alternate light and shade, while the left was in a perfectly normal condition, and responded readily to light and shade. I continued the remedy for about one week, the right pupil remaining fully dilated during the whole of this time, and for two or three days subsequent to its discontinuance, while the left pupil failed to, at any period of the time, show the characteristic effect of the drug,2-He had no power to distinguish objects for more than three days,".-Amaurosis,-Double vision and dilated pupil of the same side as that on which the plaster was. The next day the right pupil was still one-third larger than the left,283. Nose.-Several prolonged fits of sneezing,

266

This

Face.-Flashing of the countenance, 258 260-Redness and swelling of the face and lids,-Face deep red,.-[2600.] Risus sardonicus,-Convulsions of the jaws and of the muscles of the face and extremities,28. Spasms of the jaws,.-Spasmodic constriction of the muscles of the jaws,"

250

Mouth.-Tongue covered with a white clammy fur, which he could. pull off in strings,260.-Tongue dry and retracted (after nine hours and a half), Tongue and throat extremely dry,260.-Tongue pale, dry,2.—The

278